78.09% Nitrogen, 20.95% oxygen, 0.93% Argon, 0.039% carbon dioxide, and small amounts of other gases.

PCQA FINALS Flashcards by Kristine Cagwing

Group 5A

The Nitrogen Family

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Group 5A

The Pnictogen Family

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5A members

Nitrogen (N)
Phosphorus (P)
Arsenic (As)
Antimony (Sb)
Bismuth (Bi)

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Chemical Properties:

outer s2p3 electron
configuration

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sharing of 3 or 5 outer
electrons → 3+ & 5+

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could also have a -3
oxidation

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Bi does
not have the tendency to
accept electrons

True

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Sb, As, P, N may accept
three electrons to pair up
electrons in the outer p
orbitals

antimonides,
arsenides, phosphides
and nitrides

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5A Compounds are covalent

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M + H2 → Hydrides

 ammonia (NH3)
 phosphine (PH3)
 arsine (AsH3)
 stibine (SbH3)
 bismuthine (BiH3)

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All Hydrides of Group 5A are poisonous except

NH3

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Nitrogen A.K.A.

Azote

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Azote

No Life

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Mephitic Air

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3 bonds form

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N Occurs free in atmosphere

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N is a Component of plant and animal tissues

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Use by plants-nitrogen fixation

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N cylinder color

Black

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Dry Air Components

78.09% Nitrogen,
20.95% oxygen,
0.93% Argon,
0.039% carbon dioxide,
and small amounts of other gases.

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Replace air in container
for parenteral solution

Nitrogen Gas

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Triple bond-responsible
for inertness

Nitrogen Gas

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Refrigerant

Liquid Nitrogen

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Liquid Nitrogen

cryogenics

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N2O

Nitrous oxide

“Laughing Gas”

N2O

General anesthetic (Inhalational)

N2O

Not use alone- causes diffusion HYPOXIA

N2O

N2O color cylinder

blue

Gas (brown color or pale blue liquid)

N2O3

Brown gas

NO2

most abundant in Earth’s Atmosphere

Nitrogen

 Used for the manufacture of ammonia in the Haber Process.  filler gas in electric lamps and in high temperature thermometers.  provide an inert atmosphere in metallurgy to prevent oxidation in certain industrial N processes.

Is normally a white waxy solid, which is colourless and translucent. Stored under water

P A.K.A

St. Elmo’s Fire

Light carrier (match)

P source

Apatite

P variety that are not poisonous

White/Yellow

Red Phosporous

Non-poisonous. Use in preparation of matches

This P4 tetrahedron is also present in liquid and gaseous phosphorus

White Phosphorus

up to what temperature of when it starts decomposing to P2 molecules

800 C

Metallic or Black Phosphorus

Heating P with Pb at 530°C

* the least reactive allotrope and the thermodynamically stable form below 550 °C

Metallic or Black Phosphorus

Heating P with small quantity of Na at _°C

Violet Phosphorus, 200 C

Violet Phosphorus * produced by day-long annealing of red phosphorus _?

550 C

Made by heating PBr3 (phosphorus tribromide) with Hg at _°C

. Scarlet Phosphorus, 240

Red Phosphorus

formed by heating white phosphorus to 250 °C (482 °F) or by exposing white phosphorus to sunlight

COMPONENT OF PHYSIOLOGIC BUFFER: HCO3, H2CO3

HCO3 (bicarbonate), H2CO3 (carbonic acid) -plasma and kidneys

HPO4 -2 , H2PO4

HPO4-2 (monohydrogen phosphate), H3PO4 (dihydrogen phosphate) -cells and kidneys

Hgb and CHON

RBC

most effective single system for buffering _ during _ process

Hgb and CHON; buffering H2CO3 during metabolic process

▪ Adv. Enjoys containing dihydrogen & monohydrogen phosphate ions ▪ Disadv: Insolubility with _ supports _ ▪ Example. _ system

▪ Adv. Enjoys containing dihydrogen & monohydrogen phosphate ions ▪ Disadv: Insolubility with Ag, Zn & Al, supports microbial growth ▪ Example. Sorensen Buffer system Phosphate Buffer

▪ Feldman’s Buffer System ▪ Atkins & Pantin Buffer System ▪ Gifford Buffer System

Borate Buffer ▪ Feldman’s Buffer System( ph 7-8.2) acid solutions of Boric acid, NaCl & Sodium borate ▪ Atkins & Pantin Buffer System (ph 7.6-11) alkaline solutions of Na2CO3 , Boric acid & NaCl ▪ Gifford Buffer System(ph 6-7.8) –similar with Feldman but KCl is used instead of Nacl

Toxic, protoplasmic poison

As _ metal

Lewisite metal

Anti-syphilis discovered by_

Anti-syphilis discovered by Paul Erlich

As Component of

Salvarsan, Arsphenamine, Compound 606

As is anti-

Anti-syphilis; Antileukemia

Preparation of various insecticide

As Sources

Arsenopyrite (Iron Arsenic Sulfide (FeAsS

Cu Aceto Arsenate

“Paris Green”

K Arsenite

“Fowler’s Solution”

Donovan’s solution

Red solution containing AsI3 (Arsenic triiodide) or HgI2 (mercuric iodide)

Red solution containing _or _

Donovan’s solution ▪ Red solution containing AsI3 (Arsenic triiodide) or HgI2 (mercuric iodide)

When arsenic is present, a _ is generated in the filter paper moistened with silver nitrate solution

GUTZEIT TEST; a light brown spot

As can do what to nails

Cause pale nail bonds on finger nails

Bind with sulfhydryl group

▪ Cystein-rich in sulfhydryl ▪ Curly hair-cystein

ANTIDOTE for As poisoning

BAL

Dimercaprol, also called British anti-Lewisite

PCQA FINALS Flashcards

(70 cards)