pct Flashcards
(34 cards)
What is the typical rate of a normal pulse?
70 beats per minute
The pulse rate can vary with age, condition, and medications.
What is a ‘bounding’ pulse?
A strong pulse
Indicates a robust heartbeat, often felt easily.
What is the normal respiratory rate for newborns?
30 to 50 breaths per minute.
What is bradypnea?
Less than 10 breaths per minute.
What does a blood pressure reading of 120/80 mm Hg indicate?
Normal blood pressure.
How do you measure blood pressure manually?
Place cuff 2.5 cm above elbow crease, inflate, and listen for systolic and diastolic pressures.
What is the normal oxygen saturation level measured by pulse oximetry?
95% or higher.
What factors can affect pulse oximetry readings?
- Nail polish
- Cold hands
- Edema
- Carbon monoxide poisoning
Why is weighing patients important?
Weight impacts treatment, especially in heart failure.
What must you do before weighing a patient on a chair scale?
Subtract the weight of the chair.
How should fluid intake and output (I&O) be documented?
Record fluid intake (liquids, IV fluids, ice chips) and output (urine, diarrhea, emesis).
What does a pain scale of 0-10 represent?
0 = no pain, 10 = worst pain.
What are signs of severe pain?
- Moaning
- Crying
- Grimacing
- Restlessness
- Avoiding conversation
What systems are included in the body systems overview?
- Integumentary System
- Skeletal System
- Muscular System
- Nervous System
- Endocrine System
- Cardiovascular System
- Lymphatic System
- Respiratory System
- Digestive System
- Urinary System
- Reproductive System
What are the characteristics of infectious diseases?
Caused by pathogens, such as UTI and pneumonia.
What defines acute diseases?
Sudden onset, short recovery time, e.g., influenza.
What are chronic diseases?
Long-term conditions that require ongoing treatment, e.g., atherosclerosis.
What are common symptoms of osteoarthritis?
Pain, stiffness, and decreased mobility.
What is asthma?
A chronic respiratory disorder involving bronchi constriction.
What are the symptoms of pneumonia?
Lung inflammation often resulting in fluid in the lungs.
What is a primary cause of COPD?
Smoking and air pollution.
What defines hypertension?
Systolic pressure ≥130 mm Hg or diastolic ≥80 mm Hg.
What are the blood pressure ranges for stage 1 hypertension?
Systolic 130-139, Diastolic 80-89.
What is a hypertensive crisis?
Systolic ≥180, Diastolic ≥120.
