PCUL 1F92 - Sem. 1

Question 0

What drove mass culture?

Answer 0

Late 19th century ideals.

Question 1

What is mass culture?

Answer 1

Mass media leading to social disintegration.

Question 2

What did mass culture lead people away from?

Answer 2

Morals.

Question 3

True or false, ‘high’ culture was the ideal?

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Who was Theodor Adorno?

Answer 4

A mass culture critic.

Question 5

What was Adorno concerned with?

Answer 5

Mass culture ‘dumbing down’ the masses.

Question 6

What did Adorno believe?

Answer 6

The working class did not rebel because of the distraction of repetitive entertainment (such as jazz music).

Question 7

True or false, advertisers want the society that Adorno feared?

Answer 7

True

Question 8

Define agency.

Answer 8

One’s power to be independent and make their own decision.

Question 9

What did John Fiske call analysis?

Answer 9

A “sense-making process”.

Question 10

What is analysis?

Answer 10

Something we do unconsciously
Understanding how and why things work
Allows us a better understanding of our culture or society

Question 11

Define folk culture.

Answer 11

Those cultural products and practices that have developed over time within a particular community or socially identifiable group and that are communicated from generation to generation and among people who tend to be known to one another.

Question 12

Who is mass culture produced for?

Answer 12

An unknown, disparate audience.

Question 13

What is pop culture?

Answer 13

The communicative practices of everyday life.

Question 14

Define capitalism.

Answer 14

An economic system based on private ownership of the means it production and distribution; geared toward the generation of profit.

Question 15

What is postmodern capitalism?

Answer 15

As compared to earlier capitalism, there is now a greater emphasis on the exchange if information and services as opposed to hard goods.

Question 16

True of false, everyday culture is the same as pop culture.

Answer 16

False because it included the regulatory effects of institutions.

Question 17

Who said “the medium is the message”?

Answer 17

Marshall McLuhan.

Question 18

What did Dwight MacDonald do?

Answer 18

He distinguished between ‘high culture’ and ‘mass culture’.

Question 19

Who referred to the working class culture as “raw and uncultivated”?

Answer 19

Matthew Arnold.

Question 20

What was Arnold’s Model?

Answer 20

Barbarians - the elite class, paving the way
Philistines - the middle class
Populace - the working class

Question 21

What is Leavisism?

Answer 21

Follows from Arnold and applies it to more specific texts and research, relied in absolutes and clear distinctions around ‘culture’

Question 22

True or false, ideas of elitism still define much reaction to pop culture.

Answer 22

True.

Question 23

Define moral panic.

Answer 23

Fears regarding the influence of popular culture on the masses that still exist.

Question 24

What is commodification?

Answer 24

That everything is turned into a saleable commodity.

Question 25

What is exchange value?

Answer 25

What people will pay.

Question 26

What is use value?

Answer 26

What it is actually worth in terms of use.

Question 27

For the Frankfurt School, what is the threat?

Answer 27

The elite.

Question 28

What were Adorno's 3 broad claims?

Answer 28

Standardization Passive listening Social cement

Question 29

Which is 'real', culture or mass culture?

Answer 29

Culture.

Question 30

What did Michel Foucault suggest?

Answer 30

The rise of capitalism in 17th and 18th century led to new ways of imposing power.

Question 31

What economic power dominants our current era?

Answer 31

Capitalism or late capitalism.

Question 32

How did Antonio Gramsci define hegemony?

Answer 32

"Common sense".

Question 33

Define hegemony?

Answer 33

Ideals we share that are not forced upon us.

Question 34

True or false, pop culture impacts our perception of the world?

Answer 34

True.

Question 35

True or false, we focus more on exchange value, not use value?

Answer 35

True.

Question 36

What are moral panics based on?

Answer 36

People not fitting into the familiar, shared ideals and/or styles.

Question 37

What makes up a semiotic analysis?

Answer 37

Codes used to organize specific scenes that reveal wider cultural themes.

Question 38

What does the way a scene is structured reflect and shape?

Answer 38

Broader cultural values and ideals.

Question 39

Who said that meanings "are partial to the values an belief systems of the society from whence they came"?

Answer 39

Roland Barthes.

Question 40

What is discourse?

Answer 40

The way in which speech and writing work to shape social reality.

Question 41

True or false, what counts as knowledge is dictated by those in power?

Answer 41

True.

Question 42

Define power.

Answer 42

Control through access, technology, economics and regulation.

Question 43

What is the circuit of culture?

Answer 43

Addressed interactions between producers and consumers and the pop culture use and meaning of products.

Question 44

What are the parts of circuit of culture?

Answer 44

``` Production Regulation Representation Consumption Identity ```

Question 45

What is production?

Answer 45

All elements related to production.

Question 46

Define representation.

Answer 46

How a product is defined within pop culture.

Question 47

What is consumption?

Answer 47

The actual use of the product.

Question 48

What is identity?

Answer 48

How an item functions in relation to creating and articulating social subjectivity.

Question 49

True or false, under-valued works are worthy of study?

Answer 49

True.

Question 50

What needs to happen for a product to be popular?

Answer 50

It has to meet the needs for various groups of people as well as the needs of it's producers.

Question 51

Is it difficult or easy for a product to be popular?

Answer 51

Difficult.

Question 52

What are the two economies?

Answer 52

Financial and cultural.

Question 53

What makes up the financial economy?

Answer 53

The cost of production, distribution, promotion, etc.

Question 54

What makes up the cultural economy?

Answer 54

The social and cultural meaning (or value) of a product.

Question 55

What is use-value?

Answer 55

The human need a product will fill.

Question 56

Are commodities meant to fill a need?

Answer 56

No, they are produced to be exchanged.