PDA 2 block 2

Question 1

lysergic acid diethylamide

Answer 1

Direct Serotonin Agonist 5HT-2

LSD- potent hallucinogin

Question 2

buspirone

Answer 2

Direct Serotonin Agonist 5HT-1A

Anti-anxiety

Question 3

sumatriptan

Answer 3

Direct Serotonin Agonist 5HT-1D

migraine treatment

Question 4

fluoxetine

Answer 4

Indirect Serotonin Agonist-SSRI

Prozac- blocks active reuptake of serotonin

Question 5

phenelzine

Answer 5

Indirect Serotonin Agonist- MAOi

treat depression and narcolepsy

Question 6

cyproheptadine

Answer 6

Serotonin antagonist
5HT-2
Treat skin allergies, pruritus, Also H1 antagonist

Question 7

ondansetron

Answer 7

Serotonin antagonist
5HT- 3
chemo-induced nausea and vomiting

Question 8

alosetron

Answer 8

Serotonin antagonist
5 HT-3
treat diarrhea predominant IBS

Question 9

Nitroglycerin

Answer 9

Nitrates: NO–> cGMP–> relaxation

relaxation of arterial and venous smooth muscle; treat heart failure (does not change stroke vol)

Question 10

Nitroprusside

Answer 10

Nitrates: NO–> cGMP–> relaxation

relaxation of arterial and venous smooth muscle; treat heart failure (increase in stroke volume)

Question 11

Hydralazine

Answer 11

direct vasodilator: Arterial circulation

Used for heart failure; and hypertensive emergency. Arterial circulation (decrease afterload)

Question 12

Minoxidil

Answer 12

Direct Vasodilator: arterial circulation (K+ channel opener)

used for severe heart failure & hypertension ( hyperpolarization–> relaxation)

Question 13

Diazoxide

Answer 13

Membrane channel dilator (K+ channel opener)

used for hypertension

Question 14

Verapamil

Answer 14

Ca2+ channel blocker: Arterial circulation Phenylalylanine (non-selective): block contraction in heart and vascular smooth muscle

Question 15

Diltiazem

Answer 15

Ca2+ channel blocker: Arterial circulation Benzothiazapine (non-selective): block contraction in heart and vascular smooth muscle

Question 16

Milrinone

Answer 16

PDE3 inhibitor

“Used for Heart failure:
heart: inc. in cAMP–> PKA–> opens Ca2+ channel–> inc. conctractility
BV: inc. in cAMP–> PKA–> opens K+ channel–> hyperpolarized–> vasodilation”

Question 17

Inamrinone

Answer 17

PDE3 inhibitor

“Used for Heart failure:
heart: inc. in cAMP–> PKA–> opens Ca2+ channel–> inc. conctractility
BV: inc. in cAMP–> PKA–> opens K+ channel–> hyperpolarized–> vasodilation”

Question 18

Cilostazol

Answer 18

PDE3 inhibitor
“Used for Heart failure:
heart: inc. in cAMP–> PKA–> opens Ca2+ channel–> inc. conctractility
BV: inc. in cAMP–> PKA–> opens K+ channel–> hyperpolarized–> vasodilation”

Question 19

Sidenafil

Answer 19

PDE5 inhibitor

“Used for erectile dysfunction
keeps NO levels elevated”

Question 20

Tadalafil

Answer 20

PDE5 inhibitor
“Used for erectile dysfunction
keeps NO levels elevated”

Question 21

Fenoldopam

Answer 21

ACE inhibitor: dopamine receptor agonist Hypertensive crisis to remove volume and Na. Preferntial to affect renal blood flow

Question 22

Prazosin

Answer 22

ACE inhibitor: alpha adrenergic blocker (alpha1 R blocker)

Norepi based constriction is blocked–> vasodilation

Question 23

Albuterol

Answer 23

B2 agonists: increase PKA–> hyperpolarization–> dilation Bronchodilation

Question 24

Pirbuterol

Answer 24

B2 agonists: increase PKA–> hyperpolarization–> dilation

Question 25

Terbutaline

Answer 25

B2 agonists: increase PKA--> hyperpolarization--> dilation

Question 26

Salmeterol

Answer 26

B2 agonists: increase PKA--> hyperpolarization--> dilation

Question 27

Ipratropium

Answer 27

anti-cholinergic Bronchodilation

Question 28

Tiotropium

Answer 28

anti-cholinergic Bronchodilation

Question 29

Theophylline

Answer 29

inhibits PDE, adenosine receptor | Bronchodilation

Question 30

Aminophylline

Answer 30

inhibits PDE, adenosine receptor | Bronchodilation

Question 31

aliskiren

Answer 31

Renin inhibitor "specific for renin long acting- given once daily used to treat hypertension (lowers BP and no change in HR) decreases ANG II and aldosterone concentrations"

Question 32

losartan

Answer 32

``` AT1 (receptor) blocker "Orally active treatment of essential hypertension reduces BP without increasing HR Diuretics enhance their action Improves heart failure by decreasing afterload. Decreases aldosterone sodium retention--> decrease preload contraindicated in pregnancy" ```

Question 33

captopril

Answer 33

ACE inhibitor "Block angiotensin I converting enzyme--> blocks ANG II formation reduces BP without increase in HR diuretics enhance action Decreases afterload(decrease BP) and preload(decrease aldosterone--> reduces sodium retention, cardiac hypertrophy)"

Question 34

enalapril

Answer 34

ACE inhibitor "pro-drug that is metabolized to active drug reduces BP without increase in HR lowers aldosterone release ( can lead to hypokalemia)"

Question 35

lisinopril

Answer 35

ACE inhibitor "pro-drug that is metabolized to active drug reduces BP without increase in HR lowers aldosterone release ( can lead to hypokalemia)"

Question 36

spironolactone

Answer 36

Aldosterone inhibitor "competitive aldosterone antagonists diuretic decreases cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, sodium retention used with thiazide or loop diuretic to treat hypertension or edema"

Question 37

eplerenone

Answer 37

Aldosterone inhibitor "competitive aldosterone antagonists diuretic decreases cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, sodium retention used with thiazide or loop diuretic to treat hypertension or edema"

Question 38

propranolol

Answer 38

Beta Blocker | decrease renin release

Question 39

metoprolol

Answer 39

Beta Blocker | decrease renin release