PDA Block 3 Overview Flashcards
(19 cards)
General Anesthetics: Parenteral
- Sodium Thiopental
- Propofol
- Etomidate
- Ketamine
- Midazolam
Sodium Thiopental
- Induction of anesthesia
Propofol
- Maintain and induce anesthesia
- Useful bc it is an antiemetic
Etomidate
Induce anesthesia in pt at risk for hypotension
Ketamine
- dissociative anesthesia
- use in pt with bronchospasm
Midazolam
- induction agent
- conscious sedation
- anti-anxiety (anxiolytic)
General anesthesia: Inhaled
Isoflurane
Sevoflurane
Desflurane
Nitrous oxide
Local Anesthetics
Cocaine Procaine Tetracaine Benzocaine Lidocaine Bupivacaine Ropivacaine
Major Depressive Disorder
Monoamine Theory of Depression: Depression results from functionally deficiency of NE or serotonin.
Affective disorders are due to imbalance in biogenic amine neurotransmitter systems
Anti-depressant Rx
SSRI: Fluoxetine & Sertraline SNRI: Duloxetine Tri-cyclic: Amitriptylline & Clomipramine MAOi: Phenelzine Atypical: Buproprion & Mirtazapine
Psychosis
- derangement of personality
- loss of contact with reality
- delusions
- hallucinations
Anti-psychotics: Typical
- Chlorpromazine
- Thioridazine
- Fluphenazine
- Haloperidol
Anti-psychotics: Atypical
- Clozapine
- Olanzapine
- Risperidone
- Quetiapine
- Aripiprazole
Anesthesia
state where no movement occurs in response to what should be painful; loss of consciousness
Components of anesthetic state – amnesia, unconsciousness, analgesia, immobility, attenuation of autonomic responses
Minimal Alveolar Concentration (MAC)
[anesthetic] that prevents movement in response to pain in 50% of subjects
Typical antipsychotics
Block D2 receptors (↓ adenylyl cyclase)
Tx – decrease in psychotic behavior (positive symptoms)
SE: Tardive Dyskinesia– up-regulation of DA receptors that control involuntary movements
Atypical antipsychotics
Block D3¸D4 receptors
Block 5-HT2 receptors
Tx: Improves Positive symptoms (in resistant/refractory patients)
Improves Negative symptoms
SE: lower incidence of extrapyramidal effects
Manic
for more than 7 days: ↑ self-esteem, grandiosity; talkativeness, flight of ideas, distractability, ↑ goal-directed activity; excessive involvement in pleasurable activities; ↓ need for sleep
Anti-Manic Rx
- Litium
- Valproic Acid
- Divalproex
- Carbamazepine
