PE SAC #3 Flashcards
(20 cards)
white blood cells
immune response
platelets
blood clotting
red blood cells
contain haemoglobin that deliver oxygen to working muscles
plasma
transports nutrients around the body and assists in waste removal (electrolytes in sweat)
EPO
stimulates red blood cell production = more efficient oxygen transport
blood doping
blood removal - blood cell regrowth, - blood added back to body = more oxygen & performance advantage
anabolic steroids
increase in testosterone, muscle hypertrophy
PED ethics
integrity of the sport, unfair advantages, informed consent from coaches, winning is often seen as more important than health/safety of the athlete, violations of WADA
PED health risks
infections from needles, blood borne diseases, hypertension, thickening of blood = heart attack/stroke/blood clots, increased heart rate/blood pressure
acute responses
increased heart rate, stroke volume, caridac output, breathing rate, tidal volume, blood pressure
heart rate
beats per minute
stroke volume
amount of blood pumped per beat
cardiac output
amount of blood pumped per minute
breathing rate
breaths per minute
tidal volume
amount of air inhaled/exhaled per breath
blood pressure
force of blood pushing against artery walls per beat
redistribution of blood flow (+)
improved oxygen delivery to working muscles, prioritises heart and lungs, increased waste removal
redistribution of blood flow (-)
dehydration and sweat loss
chronic adaptations - long-term response of heart to training
increased cardiac output, decreased resting heart rate, increased stroke volume
cardiovascular and respiratory systems working together
oxygen intake - oxygenated blood pumped to heart then to working muscles/organs - CO2 removal through veins, heart and lungs then exhaled
