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Cold War > Peaceful Coexistence > Flashcards

Peaceful Coexistence Flashcards

1
Q

East Berlin Rising, 1953

A
  • Ulbrickt set factory workers unrealistic targets, work long hours, low wages and shortage of resources
  • The Satsi had files on everyone=fear and movement of people from east to west berlin
  • Those who stayed=demonstrations in June
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2
Q

The Warsaw pact, 1955

A
  • West Germany in Nato and remilitarised

- Soviets created the Warsaw pact as a response to NATO

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3
Q

The Austrian state treaty, 1955

A
  • After WWII Austria was temporarily divided into the same 4 zones as Germany
  • Potential to be problem like Germany
  • Austrian independence and neutrality so not in NATO or Warsaw
  • Withdrawal of superpower troops
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4
Q

Khrushchev and Tito, 1955

A
  • Stalin had expelled and ostracised Tito (leader of Yugoslavia)
  • Khrushchev wanted to reconcile and let Tito back into the brotherhood of the communist nations
  • Krushchev also admitted Stalin was wrong to ostracise Tito, he criticised his ‘terror methods’ and denounced him
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5
Q

Polish Crisis, 1956

A
  • Bread, liberation and freedom
  • Demonstrations were met with Polish tanks
  • Polish Gov not puppets of the Soviet Union due to Katyn massacre and fixed elections
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6
Q

The Hungarian crisis, 1956

A
  • New leader of Hungary after hated leader Rakosi took leave
  • Imre Nagy was a popular leader who offered reform
  • Demonstrations because demanded freedom and the withdrawal of soviet troops
  • Nagy lost control of revolt
  • Soviet tanks sent into Budapest
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7
Q

The end of the Korean war, 1953

A
  • Korea remained divided
  • NATO and Warsaw pact
  • Communism prevented in South and Capitalism prevented in the North
  • Stalin dies
  • Economies good
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8
Q

The Geneva summit, 1955

A
  • The open skies proposal which was rejected by Krushchev

- The future of Germany but Krushchev also rejected as it would mean Germany would end up in NATO

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9
Q

Krushchev’s peaceful coexistence speech, 1956

A
  • Appeared to be a fundamental shift in Soviet thinking
  • Krushchev wanted to concentrate Soviet resources on domestic developments
  • Policy=Engage the USA in diplomacy to diffuse tension where possible and prevent direct confrontation
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10
Q

Suez Crisis, 1956

A
  • USA their loan to Nasser, Egyptian leader, to build the Aswan damn
  • Nasser turned to the USSR to finance and nationalise the Suez Canal which was owned by Anglo-French company
  • Oct, British, French and Isrealis planned a joint invasion
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11
Q

How did the east berlin rising affect peaceful coexistence

A
  • resentment of workers
  • fear
  • aggressive, Stalinist soviet actions
  • USSR prioritised security over relations
  • USA did not get involved or retaliate, Soviet sphere of influence (publicised what was going on in east to the west germans)
  • No change between Stalin and Khrushchev
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12
Q

How did the Warsaw pact affect peaceful coexistence

A
  • Division in europe between 2 armed camps which were both led by superpowers with atomic weaponry
  • Defensive treaties
  • Divide in place
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13
Q

How did the Austrian state treaty affect peaceful coexistence

A
  • Improved as it shows a change in soviet government and and a policy showing that negotiation was possible
  • Stalin hoped the same would happen with Germany so was willing to forsake Austria
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14
Q

How did Khrushchev and Tito affect peaceful coexistence

A
  • Khrushchev suggested Stalin was wrong which shows a change in government as he distanced himself from Stalin=softer
  • Western worry for potential close ties between Yugoslavia and the USSR=sucked into Soviet sphere of influence
  • Sent shock waves across the communist world
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15
Q

How did the Polish crisis affect peaceful coexistence

A
  • USA believed Polish tanks came out under Soviet demand
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16
Q

How did the Hungarian crisis affect peaceful coexistence

A
  • No western intervention which reassured the USSR that if any problems erupted in Eastern Europe the West would not get involved=firm Soviet control
  • Stalinist tactics
17
Q

How did the end of the Korean war affect peaceful coexistence

A
  • Stalin dies
  • Communism prevented in South
  • Capitalism prevented in North
  • Eisenhower went to Korea to solve problem
18
Q

How did the Geneva summit affect peaceful coexistence

A
  • Open skies was a step closer to disarmament
  • Krushchev didn’t want to find out how far behind the USA they were in the nuclear arms race
  • Still not agree on Germany
  • First summit meeting since 1945, communication
19
Q

How did Khrushchev’s peaceful coexistence speech affect peaceful coexistence

A
  • Showed a difference to Stalin
  • USSR to concentrate on domestic developments
  • USSR continue expanding nuclear capability
  • Krushchev wanted to defuse international tension and take care to not provoke the USA
20
Q

How did the Suez crisis affect peaceful coexistence

A
  • Khrushchev threatened nuclear missile attacks on Britain, France and Israel if they did not stop war on 5th Nov
  • Known by West that USSR did not possess rockets to propel missiles
  • USA financial pressure on British and French troops which is the real reason war stopped
21
Q

How did Camp David affect peaceful coexistence

A
  • reaffirmation in Khrushchev’s fait in peaceful coexistence
  • Settle international issues through diplomacy over force
  • led directly to Paris summit
22
Q

How did the Paris summit affect peaceful coexistence

A
  • Summit collapsed due to USA lie over the U-2 spy plane incident so Khrushchev walked out
23
Q

How did the berlin ultimatum affect peaceful coexistence

A
  • Ultimatum was rejected on the 31st of December
  • The Hallstein doctrine would become irrelevant
  • Negotiation over Germany was not fully achieved
24
Q

Camp David, 1959

A
  • Khrushvhev became the first Soviet leader the be invited to the USA
  • Discussed disarmament and situation in Berlin
  • deterioration in sino-soviet relations. Break up communist alliances
25
Q

The Paris summit, May 1960

A
  • Khrushchev wanted a deal over Berlin and a ban on weapons in Germany and nuclear weapons in the Pacific
  • China would not be bound by any agreement
26
Q

The Berlin ultimatum, 1958

A
  • Khrushchev wanted to minimise US influence in Germany and gain assurances that west germany would never be backed by Americans nuclear weapons
  • Demanded a withdrawal of of western troops
  • All Soviet rights in Berlin would go to the GDR

Cold War (17 decks)

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