Pectoral Region And Breast

Question 1

What is fascia

Answer 1

Connective tissue surrounding muscles, groups of muscles, blood vessels and nerves, binding some structures together while permitting others to slide smoothly over each other.

Question 2

Clavicle appears by … weeks of intra uterine life

Answer 2

5th and 6th

Question 3

The first bone to begin to ossify is

Answer 3

Clavicle

Question 4

Which muscles are attached to the clavicle

Answer 4

Lateral third
Trapezius
Deltoid

Medial third
Subclavian
Pectoralis major
Sternocleidomastoid

Question 5

Where is the subckavius muscle attached

Answer 5

Inferior groove of clavice

Question 6

Pectoralis major attached ?

Answer 6

Anterior surface of clavicle

Question 7

Clavicle demarcated zones of lymphatic drainage. Which zones are these

Answer 7

Above clavicle lymph drains into inferior jugular nodes

Below clacicel lymph drains to axillary nodes

Question 8

Functions of clavicle

Answer 8

Attachment to muscles
Holds brachium away from trunk
Transmits forces from upper limb to axial skeleton
Attaches upper limb to axial skeleton at sternoclavicular joint. Sole articulation of upper limb to trunk

Question 9

Where is jugular notch located

Answer 9

Inferior border of T2 vertebra

Question 10

Manubrium located where?

Answer 10

T3 and T4 vertebral bodies

Question 11

Location of body of sternum

Answer 11

T5-T9 vertebrae

Question 12

Action of pectoralis major

Answer 12

Medial rotator and powerful adductor of arm.
When humerus is fixed, helps pull trunk over the arms
Clavicular head helps in flexion at shoulder joint

Question 13

Nerve supply of pectoralis major

Answer 13

Medial and lateral pectoral nerve

Question 14

Hypertrophy?

Answer 14

An increase and growth of muscle cells

Question 15

Insertion of pectoralis minor?

Answer 15

Medial border and superior surface of coracoid process of scalpula

Question 16

Action of pectoralis minor

Answer 16

Stabilizes scalpula bone with serrated anterior muscle by pulling it inferiority and anteriorly towards the thoracic wall. As in touching an object just out of reach.

Question 17

Nerve supply of pectoralis minor

Answer 17

Medial pectoral nerve

Question 18

Origin of subclavius muscle

Answer 18

1st rib, close to costochondral juction

Question 19

Action of subclavius muscle

Answer 19

Stabilizes scalpula at sternoclavicular joint

In fracture of clavicle, serves a s cushion to prevent jagged edge from lacerating subclavian vessels

Question 20

Serratus anterior origin and insertion

Answer 20

Series of digitations from upper 8 ribs and inner surface of scapula

Question 21

Nerve supply of serratus anterior

Answer 21

Long thoracic nerve

Question 22

Clavipectorial fascia is pierced by ?

Answer 22

Cephalic vein, lateral pectoral nerve, thoracoacromial artery

Question 23

Base of breast extends from?

Answer 23

2nd to 6th rib in the mid clavicular line

Question 24

Nipple locater where?

Answer 24

4th intercostal space, lateral to mid clavicular line

Question 25

Arterial supply to the breast is by?

Answer 25

Medial mammary branches of internal thoracic artery Lateral mammary branches of lateral thoracic artery and anterior intercostal arteries Branches from thorackaxromiank trunk (PACD) Pectoral branch Acromial branch Clavicular branch Deltoid branch

Question 26

Veinous drainage of blood is by

Answer 26

Axillary vein and internal thoracic vein

Question 27

Innervation of breast

Answer 27

Anterior and lateral cutaneous branches if 4th to 6th intercostal nerves

Question 28

Most ot the lymph from the subareolar lymphatic plexus drains into the ... via the...

Answer 28

Axillary lymph nodes via the anterior (pectoral) lymph nodes Most of the remaining goes into the parasternal lymph nodes Small amount goes into the opposite breasts

Question 29

Skin dumpling of the breast is due to

Answer 29

Retraction or tension of the suspnsory ligaments as tumor begins to grow and occupy nore space

Question 30

Polymastia and polythelia?

Answer 30

Supernumeray breasts and supernumerary nipples Nb. Nipple development without breast tissue is amazia Amastia is no breast at all

Question 31

What is a breast abcess

Answer 31

Localized pocket of infection containing pus in breast tissue. When it happens in woman who recently gave birth, infection is known as postpartum mastitis

Question 32

A post pubertal Male eith a large breast has a condition known as

Answer 32

Gynaecomastia. Due to hormonal imbalances. See klinefelter syndrome(xxy trisomy)

Question 33

Deep fascia is made up of which type of connective tissue?

Answer 33

Dense

Question 34

The important internal group features are

Answer 34

Secretory glands, lactiferous ducts and lactiferpus sinuses

Question 35

Innervation of the breast

Answer 35

Anterior and lateral cutaneous branches 4th through 6th intercostal nerves