Pectoral Region and Scapular

Question 1

Where does the deltoid receive its nervous and blood supply from?

Answer 1

Axilary Nerve C5 and C6

Posterior circumflex humeral artery from the third section of the axillary artery.

Question 2

Where does the pectoralis major muscle insert?

Answer 2

Inserts along the lateral lip of the bicipital groove of the humerus twisting before insertion.

Question 3

What lies within the deltopectoral groove?

Answer 3

The cephalic vein which eventually dumps into the axillary vein along with the deltoid branch of the thoracoacromial artery (2nd part of axillary artery)

Question 4

What is the main blood vessel supplying the pectoralis major and minor muscles?

Answer 4

The thoracoacromial arterial trunk which is from the second part of the axillary artery.

Question 5

What are all the branches of the thoracoacromial trunk?

Answer 5

Pectoral
Deltoid
Clavicular
Acromial.

Question 6

What is the origin of the deltoid?

Answer 6

Scapular spine
Acromion
Clavical

Question 7

What makes up the borders of the quadrangular space?

Answer 7

Laterally the shaft of the humerus
Medially the long head of the triceps
Superiorly the teres minor
Inferiorly the Teres major.

Question 8

What structures pass through the quadrangular space

Answer 8

Axillary nerve

Posterior circumflex humeral artery

Question 9

What structure passes deep to the coracoacromial ligament?

Answer 9

The supraspinatous muscle filling the supraspinous fossa.

Question 10

The supraspinatous receives nervous innervation and blood from what supplies?

Answer 10

Suprascapular artery
Suprascapular nerve
Passing through the suprascapular notch.

Question 11

In regard to the suprascapular ligament, which structure passes above it and which passes below it?

Answer 11

Army over navy….
The suprascapular artery passes over the suprascapular ligament and the suprascapular nerve passes below it.

Supplies both the supraspinatous muscle and infraspinatous.

Question 12

which head of the triceps brachii muscle passes between the teres major and teres minor muscles?

Answer 12

The long head of the triceps brachii muscle.

Question 13

What are the boundaries of the triangular space and what structures pass through it?

Answer 13

Boundaries:
Long head of the triceps, and teres major muscle and teres minor.

The terminal circumflex scapular artery is here as well as the lower subscapular nerve.

Question 14

What movement of the arm can occur without movement of the scapula?

Answer 14

The first 30 degrees of elevation of the upper limb.

Question 15

At full extension of the arm (180 degrees) what angulation occurs at the glenohumeral joint and what angle of the movement occurs due to scapular rotation?

Answer 15

120 degrees of abduction from the glenohimeral joint.

60 degrees of abduction from rotation of the scapula.

Question 16

What sort of joint is the sterno clavicular joint?

Answer 16

A saddle joint morphology with the functionality of a ball and socket joint.

Question 17

What type of joint is the acromioclavicular joint and what ligaments is it composed of?

Answer 17

Plane synovial join composed of
Acromioclavicular ligament
Coracolavicular ligament
Coracoacromial ligament

Question 18

Dislocation at the acromioclavicular joint is known as what classification?

Answer 18

Known as a shoulder separation.

Question 19

Where do the stabilizing ligaments of the glenohumeral joint originate from?

Answer 19

The glenoid labrum holding 1/3 of the humeral head,.

Question 20

Anterior dislocation is the most common sort of shoulder dislocation and is a result of what anatomic problem?

Answer 20

The acromial humeral joint is weakest inferiorly where it is not reinforced by the coracoacromial arch or the rotator cuff muscles.

This dislocation occurs inferiorly.

Question 21

What ligaments make up the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 21

Superior, medial, and inferior glenohumeral ligaments.
Coracohumeral ligament
Transverse humeral ligament
Coracoacromial ligament

Question 22

What ligament holds the long tendon of the biceps brachii within the bicipital groove?

Answer 22

The transverse humeral ligament.

Question 23

What ligament reinforces superior border of glenohumeral joint and what does it prevent?

Answer 23

Coracoacromial ligament preventing superior dislocation.

Question 24

What are the Axio-appendicular muscles?

Answer 24

Extrinsic muscles that attach to the upper limb of the thorax.
Includes anterior, and posterior muscles.

Question 25

What function do the scapulohumeral muscles have?

Answer 25

Intrinsic muscles connecting the scapula to the humerus.

Question 26

What is the origin of the thyrocervical trunk and what branches does it give rise to?

Answer 26

Arises from the subclavian artery and gives rise to:

Dorsal scapular artery (Can be branch of transverse cervical)

Suprascapular artery (Can be a separate branch from the subclavian artery)

Question 27

At what point does the subclavian artery become known as the axillary artery?

Answer 27

The moment the subclavian artery passes under the clavicle.

Question 28

What anatomical structure designates the first part of the axilary artery and what branches does it five rise to?

Answer 28

Proximal to the pectoralis minor giving rise to the

Superior thoracic artery.

Question 29

What anatomical structure designates Part 2 of the axillary artery?

What branches come off of the second part?

Answer 29

Deep posterior to pectoralis minor,

Thoracoacromial trunk (Acromia, pectoral, clavicular, deltoid)

Lateral thoracic artery

Question 30

What anatomical structure designates Part 3 of the axillary artery?

What branches come off the third part?

Answer 30

Distal to the pectoralis minor.

Gives rise to
Anterior circumflex humeral a
Posterior circumflex humeral a
Subscapular artery (Circumflex scapular a, Thoracodorsal a.)

Question 31

What does the basilic vein dump into?

What does it pass through before dumping?

Answer 31

Dumps into the axillary vein after passing through the basilic hiatus.

Question 32

What is thoracic outlet syndrome?

Answer 32

Constriction of area between first rib, clavicle, and scalene muscles constricting the neurovascular structures passing through it (Brachial plexus, subclavian artery and vein)

Typically it is the brachial plexus effected!

Question 33

What lymphatic nodes does the basilic vein drain into?

Answer 33

Enters the cubital nodes draining into the humeral axilary nodes.

Question 34

What lymphatic nodes does the cephalic vein drain into?

Answer 34

Drains into the apical axillary nodes.

Question 35

Describe the leveling of axilary nodes in releation to the pectoralis minor

Answer 35

Level 1 : Lateral
Level 2 : Deep
Level 3: Medial to pec minor.

Question 36

A fracture to the surgical neck of the humerus would cause what sort of complication?

Answer 36

Damages the contents of the quadrangular space including the axillary nerve and posterior circumflex artery.

Question 37

How would a lesion to the axillary artery present?

Answer 37

The deltoid would have atrophy and paralysis.