Ped Sensory, Perceptual-Cognitive, Language, & Social-Emotional Development Flashcards
(39 cards)
Why is mobility important for the development of FM, play, perception-cognition, language, social interaction?
- mobility is guided by sensory experience (vision, hearing, touch) => leads to greater explortation
- Promotes volitional movement: reach, grasp, release
- Promotes socialization (can access distant objects, carry beck’s and share objects)
- Works on postural control
Which development areas do sensory skills impact
physical, language, perception, social emotional, cognition
In general, describe the 5 senses at birth (how well developed are they?)
- Touch: responds early w higher sensitivity at toes, fingers, lips, can feel pain/discomfort
- Smell: acute recognition
- Taste: more attracted to sweet (smile), dislikes bitter (grimace - only enjoys at 4 mo)
- Hearing: most well developed —> can distinguish voice/language, rhythm
- Vision: least dev —> fuzzy —> 8/12 vision”
Describe the development of vision (at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 12 mo)
1 mo
Poor focus w cross eyes; face (look at chin then eye then at top of head => tip of triangle)
2 mo
more preference for bright/contrasting color (black-white), for patterned stimuli; face (look at top of head then eyes then lips => look at all 3 corners of triangle)
3 mo
Social/joint gaze; face (look at moving points => eyes, lips)
4 mo
Depth perception: can track object to grasp & sees all color
5 mo
Track moving object, differ b/w bold color, attend to pastel colors
6mo
Visual acuity: 20/25
8 mo
clarity & depth perception matures & can see objects/faces across room
12 mo
20/20 visual acuity
infants have preference to look at human face
What is visual constancy?
ability to recognize objects even as their size, shape, color, orientation change
When does depth perception develop? binocular depth perception?
same time as object grasp/exploration => 3-5 mo
What are Piaget’s stages?
they must all be completed to reach full intelligence
What is piaget’s 1st stage?
- Sensorimotor (birth-2 yr):
Perceptions/senses & motor skills to understand their world
=> learn through movement, senses, reflexes
=> start to develop habits
=> develop object permanence
=> egocentric
what is piaget’s 2nd stage?
Pre-operational (2-7yr)
Begins to think symbolically but reasoning is subjective & intuitive
egocentric: only from one perception of work
Speaks and gestures symbolically, play pretend
4 yo = intuitive age = curious”
What is piaget’s 3rd stage
Concrete operational (7-11yr)
Logical reasoning about concrete problems but no abstract ideas
problem solving
Makes generalization (inductive reasoning)
Thoughts & feelings are unique
What is piaget’s 4th stage
Formal operational (11yr+)
hypothetical, logical, abstract thought
=> can develop hypothesis
What are the 4 stages of piaget’s stages. Describe in detail.
- sensorimotor (birth - 2yo
Perceptions/senses & motor skills to understand their world
=> learn through movement, senses, reflexes
=> start to develop habits
=> develop object permanence
=> egocentric - pre-operational (2-7 yo)
Begins to think symbolically but reasoning is subjective & intuitive
egocentric: only from one perception of work
Speaks and gestures symbolically, play pretend
4 yo = intuitive age = curious - concrete operational (7-11 yr)
Logical reasoning about concrete problems but no abstract ideas
problem solving
Makes generalization (inductive reasoning)
Thoughts & feelings are unique - formal operational (11yr+)
hypothetical, logical, abstract thought
=> can develop hypothesis
Describe in detail the 6 piaget’s sensorimotor stages (sensorimotor intelligence). What ages do these stages occur
b/w 0-24 mo
- reflexive scheme (0-2mo)
- primary circular reactions (1-4mo)
Coordinates sensation & new schemas (finds thumbs and repeats as finds it pleasurable) - secondary circular reactions (4-8mo)
Intentionally repeats in order to trigger a response in the environment
4.coordination of secondary circular reactions (8-12mo)
Object permanence/intentional actions/objects have qualities
- tertiary circular reactions (12-18mo)
Imitation of novel behaviours (repeats things or use objects symbolically)
=> objects exist independent of own action & are symbolic - Mental representation (18 mo-2yr)
Internal depiction of objects/events => full object permanence (can track through invisible displacement)
What is object permanence? When does it begin?
Object permanence = gradual development of understanding that objects continue to exist even if no sensori-motor contact with them
- starts at 8 mo, established at 12 mo (4th piaget stage of sensori motor intelligence) => begins to search for objects that disappear
Describe language development at
1 mo
6-9 mo
8-12 mo
1 mo
Discrimination of phonemes like /p/, /b/ and syllables like /pa/, /ba/
6-9 mo
Vocalization w intonation, babbling, vocal play more intentional
responds to name, human voice w/o visual cues by turning head, responds appropriately to friendly or angry tone
8-12 mo
Imitation of sounds, words, first word
Describe the erikson’s stages of social emotional development (3 - 0-18mo/18-24mo and 3.5-4 yr/3.5 yr+)
(0-18 mo) Learning basic trust vs. Mistrust => hope: trust/security, optimism vs insecurity (baby trust you will meet their needs)
(18-24 mo and 3.5-4 yr) Learning autonomy vs shame => will => autonomy = NOT self assurance, can include strong will/tantrums, stubbornness, negativism
(3.5 yr+) Learning initiative vs Guilt => purpose: imagination, play, cooperation, can illicit fear/dependency
Describe the social emotional development at 2-4 mo 6-7 mo 9-10 mo 12 mo 15 mo 18 mo 2yo
2-4 mo: Tactile comfort => likes to be held
6-7 mo: discriminates strangers
9-10 mo: Vocalizes at mirror image
12 mo: Repeats performance
15 mo: Reassured by parent
18 mo:”cant wait”
2yo:terrible twos
describe language development at 1.5-2 yr (3)
uses more words w meaning & repeats what you say
Understands simple instructions
2 word stage : baby chair, baby play
describe language development at 2-3 yr (6)
soars at this age => at 2 yr: 150-300 words
At 3: size of vocal related to future reading skills (900-1000 words)
Expresses thoughts/feelings w words
Asks lots of questions: who, what ,where
Uses pronouns
Responds to show me your eye, nose
describe language development at 4 yr (4)
uses min 4 preposition
demonstrate understanding of commands
Name common objects, animals in picture books
Can usually repeat words of 4 syllables/sounds
Describe language development at 5 yr (5)
Uses adjective/adverbs/complex phrases
knows common composite ex little big
counts to ten
Knows age/time
Has all consonants and vowels
Describe the development of ADLs at 3-6 mo 12 mo 18 mo 2 yr 3 yr 4-5 yr
3-6 mo: passive cooperation
12 mo: begins to cooperate
18 mo: pulls off simple clothing
2 yr: more active involvement
3 yr: buttons
4-5 yr: independent
Describe the development of feeding at 1 mo 3-4 mo 5-6 mo 6-7 mo 8-10 mo 9-12 mo 12 mo 15 mo
1 mo: relies on reflexes 3-4 mo: relies on bottle 5-6 mo: may mouth bby cookie 6-7 mo: munching 8-10 mo: starting to finger feed 9-12 mo: drinking from cup 12 mo: drinks well from cup 15 mo: interest in using spoon alone
Describe in general the development of play
- (3-9 mo) object/exploratory play: Repetition of actions to purposeful grasp and release
- functional and representation play (12-21 mo): Use of objects in familiar ways
- symbolic play (24 mo)
- role play (advanced symbolic play or pretend play)
