Pedi Chapter 30

Question 1

Main function of skin

Answer 1

protection

Question 2

First line of defense against

Answer 2

Disease

Question 3

Four basic skin sensations

Answer 3

Pain, Temp, Touch, and Pressure are felt by the skin in conjunction with the nervous system

Question 4

Skin secretes

Answer 4

Sebum, which helps to protect and maintain its texture

Question 5

Skin Condition

Answer 5

May be manifested from a systemic disease or may be congenital.

Question 6

Differences in skin

Answer 6

Texture, color, pH, and moisture

Question 7

PDD

Answer 7

purified protein derivative; test useful in screening for TB

Question 8

Hair

Answer 8

inspected for color, texture, quality, distribution, and elasticity. It may become dry and brittle due to lack of nutrition, it may begin to fall out or change color during illness or from certain medications.

Question 9

The nurse should describe lesions with regard to:

Answer 9

Size, color, configuration, presence of pain or itching, distribution, and whether the rash is general or local and condition of skin around lesions.

Question 10

Key component in preventing secondary infection from scratching

Answer 10

Managing itching

ex: Distractions, Mitts or socks over hands, clip finger nails, Benadryl, etc.

Question 11

Macule

Answer 11

Flat Rash(freckles)

Question 12

Papule

Answer 12

Elevated are(pimple)

Question 13

Vesicle

Answer 13

Elevated, fluid filled blister(cold sore, chickenpox)

Question 14

Pustule

Answer 14

Elevated, pus filled(acne)

Question 15

Crust

Answer 15

Scab

Question 16

Wheal

Answer 16

Raised red, irregular(mosquito bite, allergic reactions)

Question 17

Ecchymosis

Answer 17

Black and blue-purple mark(bruise)

Question 18

Stye

Answer 18

An infection of the sebaceous gland of the eyelash

Question 19

Strawberry nevus

Answer 19

Common hemangioma that may not become apparent for a few weeks after birth

Question 20

Port wine nevi

Answer 20

present at birth and are caused by dilated capillaries. Are flat, sharply, demarcated, and purple to pink

Question 21

Butterfly rash

Answer 21

Over the nose and cheeks can be associated with photosensitivity and may be associated with systemic lupus erythematosus

Question 22

Milaria

Answer 22

“prickly heat” refers to a rash caused by excess body heat and moisture. Accompanied by pruritus(itching)

Question 23

Intertrigo

Answer 23

“Chafing” Occurs in the folds of the skin. Patches are red and moist

Question 24

Seborrheic dermatitis

Answer 24

“cradle cap” an inflammation of the skin that involves the sebaceous glands. Characterized by thick, yellow, oily, adherent, crust-like scales on the scalp and the forehead.

Question 25

Diaper dermatitis

Answer 25

"diaper rash" commonly seen condition that results from prolonged contact of the skin to a mixture of urine and feces.

Question 26

Acne Vulgaris

Answer 26

"Acne" an inflammation of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles in the skin Because of hormonal influence, the sebaceous glands enlarge at puberty and secrete increased amounts of a fatty substance called sebum.

Question 27

Herpes simplex type I

Answer 27

"cold sore or fever blister" Begins with a feeling of tingling, itching or burning on the lip Crust can form; healing occurs in 8-10 days Can be treated with Zovirax

Question 28

Infantile eczema or atopic dermatitis

Answer 28

Inflammation of genetically hypersensitive skin Lesions easily infected by viral or bacterial agents

Question 29

Staphylococcal Infection

Answer 29

Mostly occurs in preemies and newborns, an abscess may form, and infection may enter the blood stream resulting in septicemia. Ointments may be locally applied.

Question 30

MRSA

Answer 30

Infection resistant to certain antibiotics and are handles under strict contact isolation precautions.

Question 31

Scalded skin syndrome

Answer 31

Caused by S.aureus Begin with a mild erythema with sandpaper texture; vesicles appear and rupture and peeling occurs, exposing a bright red surface. Skin looks as though it has been scalded; child abuse is often suspected. IV antibiotics, strict isolation, and prevention of secondary infection are priorities.

Question 32

Impetigo

Answer 32

An infectious disease of the skin caused by staphylococci or by group-A beta-hemolytic streptococci Results when the organism comes in contact with a break in the skin ex insect bite *If oozing it's contagious!!

Question 33

Tinea pedis

Answer 33

"Athletes foot" lesions are present between the toes,on the instep, and on the soles.

Question 34

Tinea capitis

Answer 34

"ringworm of the scalp" characterized by patches of alopecia(hair loss)

Question 35

Tinea corporis

Answer 35

"Ringworm of the skin" evident as an oval scaly inflamed ring with a clear center

Question 36

Tinea cruris

Answer 36

"thigh" affects the groin area and is commonly referred to as "jock itch"

Question 37

Pediculosis

Answer 37

Infestation of humans by lice

Question 38

Pediculosis capitis

Answer 38

Head lice; affects the scalp and hair

Question 39

Pediculosis corporis

Answer 39

Body lice

Question 40

Pediculosis pubis

Answer 40

pubic lice, known as "crabs"

Question 41

Survival lice

Answer 41

Depends on blood extracted from infected person

Question 42

Scabies

Answer 42

A parasitic infection caused by itch mite, Sarcoptes scabiei. Occurs typically between the fingers Caused by adult female mite who burrows under the skin and lay eggs. Burrows contain the eggs and feces of the mite.

Question 43

Burn

Answer 43

Leading cause of accidental death between 1-4 years of age.

Question 44

Time when burns likely occur

Answer 44

Early morning before parents awaken and after school

Question 45

Thermal burn

Answer 45

Due to fire or scalding vapor or liquid

Question 46

Chemical

Answer 46

Due to corrosive powder or liquid

Question 47

Electrical

Answer 47

Due to electrical passage through the body

Question 48

Radiation

Answer 48

Due to x ray or radioactive substances

Question 49

Immature response systems in young children

Answer 49

Can cause shock and heart failure.

Question 50

6 Cs of Burn care

Answer 50

``` Clothing Cooling Cleaning Chemoprophylaxis Covering and Comforting(Pain relief) ```

Question 51

Electrical Burn

Answer 51

Assess for entry and exit lesions

Question 52

Emergency Care

Answer 52

Stop the burning process Evaluate the injury Cover the burn Transport to a hospital

Question 53

Emergency Care Continued

Answer 53

Establish an airway Establish an IV line Obtain blood and other body fluids for laboratory testing A NG tube with be placed

Question 54

Pain Control

Answer 54

Very Very Important!