PEDIA 2

Question 1

An increase in the number and size of
cells. Measured in terms of QUANTITY.

Answer 1

GROWTH

Question 2

The capacity of functioning or skill. Measure in terms of QUALITY.

Answer 2

DEVELOPMENT

Question 3

What is the principle of uniqueness in growth and development?

Answer 3

No two individuals are exactly the same, even within the same age group

Question 4

What is the significance of play in a child’s life?


Answer 4

Play is essential for social aspects of a child’s life.

Question 5

What criteria should be considered when choosing toys for children?


Answer 5

1 Safety
2 Age/stage of development
3 Purpose (intellectual, educational, entertainment)
4 Limitations of sickness

Question 6

What type of games do infants engage in?


Answer 6

Infants play solitary games.

Question 7

What types of toys are suitable for infants?


Answer 7

Mobiles, rattles, teething rings, music boxes, and squeeze toys.

Question 8

What type of play do toddlers engage in?

Answer 8

Toddlers love to play beside another child in parallel games.

Question 9

What is a key characteristic of preschoolers in play?


Answer 9

Preschoolers love to share and imitate adults in their play.

Question 10

What type of games do school-age children prefer?


Answer 10

School-age children prefer competitive games with a winner

Question 11

What are the areas assessed in developmental screening tests?


Answer 11

Gross Motor Skills: Skills done by large muscles (cephalocaudal)
Fine Motor Skills: Skills done by small muscles (proximal to distal)
Interpersonal Skills: Social relationships influenced by caregivers
Language Skills: Communication abilities

Question 12

What is the primary caregiver’s role in an infant’s development?


Answer 12

The primary caregiver, usually the mother, influences the infant’s social relationships and trust development.

Question 13

At what age does the grasp reflex typically disappear?


Answer 13

The grasp reflex typically disappears by 3 months.

Question 14

What is the grasp reflex in neonates?


Answer 14

The grasp reflex is a primitive reflex that allows neonates to grasp objects placed in their hands.

Question 15

What is the significance of the palmar grasp at 6 months?


Answer 15

The palmar grasp indicates that the infant can hold a feeding bottle and grasp large objects.

Question 16

What is the pincer grasp and when does it develop?


Answer 16

The pincer grasp develops at 9 months and allows infants to pick up small objects with their fingers.

Question 17

What developmental milestone is reached at 12 months?


Answer 17

At 12 months, infants can put things in and out of containers and throw objects.

Question 18

What is the focus of Freud’s oral stage in infancy?

Answer 18

The focus of Freud’s oral stage is on receiving stimulation and pleasure through the
mouth.

Question 19

What is the significance of consistency in caregiving for infants?

Answer 19

Consistency in caregiving helps infants develop trust and security

Question 20

What happens when an infant’s needs are not met?

Answer 20

The infant may develop oral frustration and behavioral issues.

Question 21

What is the focus of Freud’s anal stage in toddlers?

Answer 21

The focus of Freud’s anal stage is on controlling eliminatory functions

Question 22

What is the significance of toilet training in toddlerhood?

Answer 22

Toilet training promotes the development of autonomy in toddlers.

Question 23

At what age is toilet training recommended to begin?

Answer 23

Toilet training is recommended to begin at 18 months.

Question 24

How should temper tantrums be handled?

Answer 24

Temper tantrums should be , and a should be used to help the
child express feelings.

Question 25

What is the recommended duration for a time-out?

Answer 25

The recommended duration for a time-out is for each of the child's age.

Question 26

What is the importance of setting rules and limits with toddlers?

Answer 26

Setting rules and helps understand boundaries and promotes safety.

Question 27

What is anal fixation according to Freud's theory?

Answer 27

Anal fixation refers to disorder (OCD) stemming from issues during the stage.

Question 28

What is the Oedipal phase in child development?

Answer 28

The Oedipal phase is when a child turns toward the parent of the opposite sex.

Question 29

What is the Oedipal Complex?

Answer 29

A boy's attraction to his mother.

Question 30

What is the Electra Complex?

Answer 30

A girl's attraction to her father.

Question 31

How does a child's perception of their parents affect their future relationships?

Answer 31

Children model future partners based on how their parents treat each other.

Question 32

What are the characteristics of preschoolers in the " KUSA " stage?

Answer 32

Volunteers without being told. Very curious and ask many questions. Need to feel capable of doing tasks.

Question 33

What is the "WHY" stage in preschoolers?

Answer 33

It is when children ask many questions, typically 300 to 400 per day.

Question 34

What are the physical changes in females during puberty?

Answer 34

Development of breast buds ( thelarche ). Growth of pubic and axillary hair ( adrenarche ). Menstruation (menarche) typically begins between ages 11 to 13

Question 35

What are the physical changes in males during puberty?

Answer 35

Increase in the size of the genitalia. Growth of pubic, axillary , facial, and leg hair. Voice changes and production of spermatozoa ( nocturnal emission).

Question 36

What is the recommended way to discuss medical procedures with children?

Answer 36

Use terms like " cure " instead of "cut" or " fix. "

Question 37

What is the "buttered wife" concept in child development?

Answer 37

Children may imitate their father's behavior or develop resentment towards him.

Question 38

what is the most important part for toddler

Answer 38

Anus

Question 39

Why should juice not be put in feeding bottles?

Answer 39

Juice should not be put in feeding bottles because sugar must be ingested quickly.

Question 40

What is the significance of consistency in caregiving for infants?

Answer 40

Consistency in caregiving helps infants develop trust and security.