pediatric Flashcards by jamila matan

You are reinforcing the education provided to your 8-year-old patient diagnosed with sickle cell anemia. He has had three crisis events this year. Which of the following points do you enforce with him and his parents to help prevent more sickle cell crises? Select all that apply.

A. Drink lots of water.
B. Avoid flying on airplanes.
C. Call the PCP if he becomes febrile.

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The LPN is reviewing discharge education with the family of a 5-year-old newly diagnosed with hemophilia B. She knows the family understands when they state that their child is missing which of the following clotting factors?

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You are caring for a 14-month-old diagnosed with severe iron deficiency anemia. She is admitted for a blood transfusion and is started on oral iron supplementation. When you change her diaper, you note a dark black stool. What are the appropriate nursing actions?

A.Document the finding.
B. Continue with your assessment.
C. Administer the oral iron supplement as prescribed.
Black stool is expected in iron supplement

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Which of the following statements regarding growth in the infant are true? Select all that apply.

A. Infants should triple their birth weight by 12 months of age.
B. Infants should double their birth weight by 6 months of age

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You are reinforcing education to a group of parents after an outbreak of pediculosis capitis at the local elementary school. Which of the following points should you include? Select all that apply.

A. Teach your children not to share hats or combs to prevent the spread of lice.
B. It is important to apply the permethrin cream twice as soon as you can.
C. Parents will need to manually remove the lice and nits with a fine-tooth comb once a day until there are no visible lice.
D. Anyone can get lice; it is not indicative of a dirty house.

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While administering digoxin to an infant in heart failure, the nurse knows to monitor which of the following electrolytes?

Potassium

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Wilms tumor is a type of cancer most common in children under the age of 5. These tumor cells originate from which of the following?

Renal cells.Wilms tumor, also known as nephroblastoma, is a cancer of the kidneys.

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Which of the following food choices would be suitable for a patient with iron deficiency anemia? Select all that apply.

A. Quinoa.
B. Liver.
C. Spinach.
D. Baked beans

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While caring for a child who is six weeks old, the LPN checks their temperature and notes that it is 38.7C. Which of the following diagnostic tests does she expect the provider to order? Select all that apply.

A. Blood cultures.

B. Urine culture

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While caring for an 8-month-old child admitted for dehydration, the nurse prepares to administer an IV fluid bolus. She knows that the appropriate amount of fluid to apply is based on the child’s weight and would be which of the following?

20 mL/kg

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Which of the following assessment findings would you expect in a patient diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia? Select all that apply.

A. Tachycardia.
B. Pica.
C. Pallor

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While working in the emergency department, the nurse takes care of a client who has overdosed on morphine. Which of the following medications does she expect the healthcare provider to order?

Naloxone

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While working in the emergency department, the nurse takes care of a client who has overdosed on benzodiazepine. Which of the following medications does she expect the healthcare provider to order?

Flumazenil

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the nurse is caring for a 4 year old in respiratory distress. The nurse knows to monitor for which of the following complications that frequently occurs with respiratory distress?

dehydration

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Which of the following maternal infections can increase the risk of congenital heart defects in the fetus?

rubella

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Which of the following interventions is a priority when caring for an infant diagnosed with transposition of the great arteries?

Initiate Alprostadil infusion

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Which of the following educational points are correct when teaching patients who are started on iron supplements? Select all that apply.

A. Take iron supplement on empty stomach.
B. Drink a glass of orange juice with your iron supplement.
C. Drink suspension with a straw

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Which of the following medications may be prescribed to control hypertension associated with nephroblastoma?

Enalapril.

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The LPN is assessing a patient diagnosed with an atrioventricular canal. She knows that many infants with an atrioventricular canal also have a diagnosis of which of the following?

Trisomy 21 is also call down syndrome

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Which of the following vital sign abnormalityis a clinical manifestation of the patient’s with Wilms Tumor?

hypertension

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The LPN is caring for a 5-year-old girl diagnosed with hemophilia. She presents to the clinic today with a recurrent episode of hemarthrosis. The nurse should assess for which of the following findings? Select all that apply.

A. Joint pain and swelling.
B. Bruising
hemarthrosis means bleeding into a joint cavity.

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Which of the following medications does the OB nurse expect to be ordered for the patient experiencing hypotonic labor?

Oxytocin. Because this patient is in hypotonic labor, meaning she is not having strong and coordinated contractions for her labor to progress, she needs intervention.

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which medication used in preterm labor to help stop contractions ?

Magnesium sulfate

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what steroid is administered to mothers in preterm labor to help develop the fetus’s lungs in anticipation of preterm delivery.

Betamethasone

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The LPN is assigned to take care of a patient with hemophilia. When she reviews the lab values, she expects to find which of the following? Select all that apply.

A. Normal PT level. B. Abnormal PTT level. C. Normal Thrombin time. D. Normal INR

One of the most serious side effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) is serotonin syndrome. Which of the following signs of serotonin syndrome should the nurse monitor for when a patient begins taking an SSRI? Select all that apply.

A. Rapid heartbeat. | B. Muscle twitches.

What is a common side effect of SSRI

Sweating and diarhea

Which of the following would be your priority nursing action for the infant experiencing a tet spell?

Calm the infant

An 8-year-old boy diagnosed with hemophilia A is brought into the urgent care clinic for a prolonged episode of hematemesis. Which of the following describes this symptom?

Bloody vomit

Bleeding from the nose is a symptom known as?

epistaxis

Which of the following signs does the LPN know to expect for her 1-year-old patient in heart failure? Select all that apply.

A. Diaphoresis. B. Weight Gain. C. Poor feeding.

“Spoon-shaped” nails associated with iron-deficiency anemia are known as _____________.

Koilonychia.

A 13-year-old girl diagnosed with ALL is worried about the side effects of steroid medications. Which of the patient's following statements indicates to the LPN that the adolescent understands the side effects of steroids? Select all that apply.

A. “I will have more water in my body so that I might look puffier. B.“This medicine might make me moody.”

The nurse knows that her patient with AML is neutropenic. When reviewing their CBC results in the morning, which of the following does she expect? Select all that apply.

A. Decreased neutrophil count. B. Increased blast percentage. C. Decreased platelet count. D.decrease in erythrocytes

Which of the following clinical manifestations would alert the nurse to the possibility of Kawasaki disease in her 8-year-old patient? Select all that apply

Kawasaki disease is a swelling in the walls of the arteries throughout the body. ``` A. Strawberry tongue. B. high fever that persists for five or more days, C. rash on the torso and groin D.bloodshot eyes E.bright red swollen lips F.red palms and soles of the feet. ```

The nurse is preparing to receive a newborn diagnosed with tetralogy of fallot. She knows that to maintain a patent ductus arteriosus the provider will order __________.

. Alprostadil

The nurse is preparing to receive a newborn diagnosed with tetralogy of fallot. She knows that to close a patent ductus arteriosus the provider will order __________.

Indomethacin

The temperature at which an infant is considered febrile is _______ C.

38.0

The nurse is administering digoxin to her 15-year-old patient with congestive heart failure. She knows to verify the pulse rate before administering the medication and holds it for a pulse less than ?

The nurse is administering digoxin to her infant patient with congestive heart failure. She knows to verify the pulse rate before administering the medication and holds it for a pulse less than

The nurse is caring for a child diagnosed with a coarctation of the aorta who is scheduled for a repair tomorrow morning. When she auscultates his lung sounds, she notes crackles and rales. The nurse knows this is a sign of which of the following?

Pulmonary congestion

The nurse caring for a three-year-old with congestive heart failure recognizes which of the following as an early sign of digitalis toxicity?

vomiting

The nurse is caring for a 3 year old diagnosed with bronchitis when the mother asks the nurse what this diagnosis means. Which of the following responses correctly explains bronchitis?

Bronchitis occurs when an infection causes inflammation in the large airways. These include the trachea and bronchi, which are in the lower part of the respiratory tract.

Which of the following formulas would the LPN correctly choose for an infant diagnosed with phenylketonuria?

Lofenalac. Lofenalac is a formula that is very low in the amino acid phenylalanine. In Phenylketonuria (PKU), there is impaired metabolism of this essential amino acid. When patients eat foods that contain this amino acid, they cannot break it down, and levels of this amino acid can then become toxic to the patient. Therefore, the formula Lofenalac is the appropriate choice for patients with PKU

what is a standard formula used for infants without diet restrictions ?

Enfamil

what is a hypoallergenic amino acid-based formula designed to minimize the chance of further allergic reactions in a child that is allergic to cow’s milk ?

Alfamino

what is a formula made with easy-to-digest proteins that are intended to reduce gas and fussiness in infants with gastrointestinal disturbances ?

Gentlease

Which of the following medications would the nurse expect to administer to her patient presenting with an intussusception? Select all that apply.

A. Cefazolin | B. Lactated Ringers

The nurse is administering medications to her 5 year old patient diagnosed with pneumonia. The health care provider has ordered a cough suppressant. Which of the following medications does the nurse administer?

Dextromethorphan

Which of the following interventions does the nurse expect when caring for a toddler who has a diagnosis of phenylketonuria? Select all that apply.

Elimination of dairy. meat. and eggs from the diet | D. Strict avoidance of aspartame

Which of the following electrolyte imbalances should the nurse monitor for in her patient with Celiac disease? Select all that apply.

A. Hypokalemia B. Hypomagnesemia C. Hypophosphatemia D. Hypocalcemia

Which of the following are potential complications of cleft lip and cleft palate in the infant? Select all that apply.

A. Ear infections B. Feeding difficulties C. Weight loss D. Speech delay

Which of the following interventions should the nurse anticipate for an infant with omphalocele awaiting surgical repair? Select all that apply.

A. Cover the intestines with a sterile gauze soaked in saline B.Radiant warmer for thermoregulation

The nurse is taking care of a client with Encopresis. Which of the following statements correctly describe Encopresis?

Voluntary or involuntary fecal incontinence in children over the age of 4 who were previously toilet trained

Repair of a cleft palate occurs between ______ and 24 months of age.

Which of the following terms refers to the first stool passed by a newborn infant?

Meconium

Which of the following medications does the nurse know to monitor for the side effect of constipation? Select all that apply.

A. Keppra: is an antiepileptic medication. B. Oxycodone: C. Poly-vi-so: is a multivitamin with iron.

While assessing a laboring mother during a contraction. The LPN notes a decrease in fetal heart rate from 150 to 120 bpm. The heart rate slows for about 10 seconds and increases back to 150 bpm as the contraction ends. Which of the following correctly classifies this observation?

Early deceleration. Early decelerations occur when the fetal heart rate decreases at the same time as a contraction.

When does Late decelerations happens ?

Late decelerations are a decrease in the fetal heart rate that occurs after a contraction.

The nurse should expect to administer which of the following medications to the infant diagnosed with omphalocele? Select all that apply.

A. Ceftriaxone | B. D5W

the nurse is reinforcing education to the parents of a toddler diagnosed with bronchiolitis. She tells them that which of the following is the most likely cause of bronchiolitis?

Respiratory Syncytial Virus

The nurse is caring for an infant who presents with a congenital abnormality where their abdominal contents come through the umbilicus while remaining in the peritoneal sac. The nurse knows the infant will be diagnosed with which of the following?

Omphalocele

What is Hirschsprung's disease?

is a condition where the large portion of the rectum is not correctly innervating, causing problems with passing stool. It is not characterized by the abdominal contents coming through the umbilicus

What is Gastroschisis ?

the intestines protrude outside the abdomen with no covering.

The nurse is caring for a 16 year old patient with cystic fibrosis when they develop a temperature of 38.4 C. Which of the following medications does the nurse administer with top priority?

IV antibiotic

what medication to give patients with cystic fibrosis?

Pancreatic enzyme & Fat-soluble vitamin. | Pancreatic enzymes are administered to children with CF within 30 minutes of any meal and snack

The nurse is caring for a 16 year old patient with cystic fibrosis experiencing respiratory difficulty. Which of the following medications does the nurse administer with top priority?

Albuterol. | Albuterol is a bronchodilator frequently given as a nebulizer treatment to patients with CF

Which of the following educational points should the nurse reinforce with the parents of a toddler diagnosed with the imperforate anus? Select all that apply.

A. Toilet training will take longer for your child. B. Normal bowel habits can be established for your toddler over time. C.Bowel irrigations may help your toddler achieve normal bowel function.

Which of the following symptoms should the nurse monitor for in her patient suspected of intussusception? Select all that apply.

A. Red currant jelly stool | B.Palpable. sausage-shaped mass in RUQ

The nurse is assessing a patient in active labor. Her contractions are increasing in frequency and duration. presenting 5 minutes apart for 60 seconds each. With each contraction. the fetal heart rate begins to slow from 150 to 110 after the contraction starts. Which of the following are priority nursing actions for this situation? Select all that apply.

This is considered late deceleration. A. Reposition the mother to a side-lying position B. Administer 100% FiO2 via face mask C. Notify the healthcare provider.

The nurse is reinforcing education with a student about how to bathe a newborn correctly. Which of the following statements by the student indicates a need for further instruction? Select all that apply.

A. Clean their eyes from the outer canthus to the inner canthus. B.Start with the body and work your way up to the face for the bath.

The nurse is educating a new nurse starting on her unit about the causes of bacterial tonsillitis in children. She correctly explains that which of the following is the most common cause of bacterial tonsillitis

Group A beta hemolytic streptococcus

what is a type of bacteria sometimes found in a pregnant woman’s vagina or rectum ?

Group B Streptococcus

Which of the following does the nurse know are possible causes of constipation in the pediatric patient? Select all that apply.

A. Hirschsprung disease B. Spina bifida C. Iron supplements D. Psychosocial factors

The nurse is observing a client who has been in labor for 16 hours. For which of the following observations. should she notify the healthcare provider? Select all that apply.

A. FHR 170-200 for 20 minutes | B.Variable decelerations.

The nurse is working in the normal newborn nursery. When she observes which of the following signs, she would suspect cystic fibrosis and notify the healthcare provider for further testing?

. Meconium Ileus

Which of the following is the most appropriate position for an infant who has just had a cleft palate surgery ?

PRONEi

Which of the following is the most appropriate position for an infant with cleft palate during feeding and during sleep.

right lateral recumbent position

The nurse is monitoring a 10 year old patient status post tonsillectomy. Which of the following observations should be immediately reported to the healthcare provider?

Swallowing

Which of the following are complications for which the nurse should monitor when caring for an infant with a new diagnosis of Phenylketonuria (PKU)? Select all that apply.

A. hyperactivity B. Irritability C. Nausea and vomiting

The nurse is reassessing her female patient diagnosed with appendicitis. At her last assessment. the patient expressed 8/10 pain but now states she has no pain. The nurse did not administer any pain medication. What is the priority nursing action?

Notify the healthcare provider. When a patient with appendicitis has sudden pain relief, it is a sign of a possible rupture of the appendix.

For the child experiencing a celiac crisis. which nursing intervention is the priority?

IV fluid administration

The nurse is caring for a 1-year-old male diagnosed with acute otitis media. He is experiencing otalgia, has been febrile for 24 hours, and is pulling at his left ear. Which of the following interventions is the priority nursing action?

Administer acetaminophen as prescribed

The nurse is caring for a 1 year old male diagnosed with acute otitis media. Which of the following systemic antibiotic are used to treat with acute otitis media?

Systemic antibiotics are used to treat acute otitis media infections with a bacterial cause. Amoxicillin, erythromycin, and Cefixime are all systemic antibiotics that may be utilized.

While assisting the intra-disciplinary team with interventions for a toddler who has just had a cleft palate repair, the nurse knows which of the following are appropriate? Select all that apply.

A.Prone positioning B. Elbow restraints C. Specialized bottle for feeding

The nurse is assessing a 2 year old girl with the following symptoms: excessive drooling, stridor, difficulty swallowing, and difficulty speaking. Which of the following conditions does the nurse suspect?

Epiglottitis

The nurse is assessing a 2-year-old girl with the following symptoms: a runny nose, fever, and cough. Which of the following conditions does the nurse suspect by?

Bronchiolitis

The nurse is assessing a 2-year-old girl with the following symptoms: is a loud, barking cough. Which of the following conditions does the nurse suspect by?

Laryngotracheal bronchitis

The nurse is caring for a 1-day old newborn with jaundice. Which of the following statements is true regarding jaundice in newborns? Select all that apply.

A.conjugated bilirubin gets excreted in the stool. B. Assessing a newborn for jaundice involves inspection of the skin, sclera, and mucous membranes. C. When treating a jaundiced infant with phototherapy, important nursing considerations are to ensure their eyes and genitals are covered.

Which of the following regions is known as McBurney’s point?

Right Lower Quadrant) of the abdomen

The nurse is changing a diaper for her 7-month-old patient suspected of having Celiac disease. She notes a large. pale. oily stool that is malodorous. The nurse knows this assessment finding is known as what?

Steatorrhea

Which condition with dark sticky feces containing partly digested blood and is often in upper GI bleeding?

Melena

Which condition is the passage of fresh blood from the anus and is a sign of upper GI tract bleeding?

Hematochezia

The nurse is admitting a child diagnosed with epiglottitis. During her admission questions, which vaccination should the nurse specifically ask the mother about?

Hib - haemophilus influenzae type B -

Which of the following interventions does the nurse anticipate when caring for a patient after repair of an anorectal malformation? Select all that apply.

Colace administration | Initiation of a high-fiber diet

pediatric Flashcards

(95 cards)