Pediatric Diagnoses and T/x Approaches

Question 1

What pediatric diagnosis is defined as a loss of consciousness that lasts 0 minutes to 6 hrs with post-traumatic amnesia and can last less than1 hr to more than 24 hours.

Answer 1

acquired brain injury

Question 2

What’re 3 causes of an acquired brain injury?

Answer 2

accidental or non-accidental trauma, MVA & falls

Question 3

What can also cause an acquired brain injury?

Answer 3

anoxia to the brain, infections & meningitis

Question 4

In terms of ADL’s what is a problem area for pt’s with and Acquired brain injury?

Answer 4

inability to complete basic self-care tasks

Question 5

What is a common problem for Pt’s who have an acquired brain injury in relation to understanding information?

Answer 5

delayed processing of information

Question 6

What’re 3 additional problem areas for Pt’s with an acquired brain injury?

Answer 6

expressive/receptive/global aphasia, decreased postural control & ataxia

Question 7

ADL re-training and increased time to complete home and school communities are both examples of OT intervention for what D/x?

Answer 7

acquired brain injury

Question 8

What’re 3 examples of OT intervention techniques for a Pt with an acquired brain injury?

Answer 8

address concentration, sustained attention & external memory supports and activities to improve following directions.

Question 9

How do Pt’s with acquired brain injuries receive OT intervention in relation to ataxic movement patterns?

Answer 9

weight-bearing to decrease ataxic movements & non-slip mats

Question 10

Since the cause of ADHD is unknown how is ADHD defined?

Answer 10

occurs as a primary condition or along with other developmental and psychiatric D/x’s

Question 11

Inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity are all examples of problem areas for Pt’s with what d/x?

Answer 11

ADHD

Question 12

What’re 4 OT interventions for Pt’s with ADHD?

Answer 12

limiting background noises, providing clear/concise directions, writing notes/checklists and encouraging verbal responses in classroom

Question 13

By limiting distractions in a classroom environment how would a COTA position desks and essential items in the room?

Answer 13

facing them towards the wall in the classroom to promote eye-tracking

Question 14

Since the cause of Autism is unknown what’re 4 problem areas relating to ASD?

Answer 14

impaired communication/social interaction skills, repetitive patterns of behavior, impaired intellectual development & perseveration of items/subjects

Question 15

Autism is a spectrum disorder, so what problem areas in terms of transition and routine have an impact on occupational performance?

Answer 15

excessive routines/inflxibility, lack of eye-contact, difficulty transitioning and lack of reciprocal interactions

Question 16

What areas of processing should COTA’s examine in the treatment of ASD?

Answer 16

sensory processing and modulation

Question 17

What is most important in terms of sensory input in pt’s with ASD?

Answer 17

provide appropriate sensory input and decrease input as necessary

Question 18

What common senses are assessed in the T/x of ASD?

Answer 18

visual, tactile, vestibular, auditory, proprioceptive, olfactory and oral

Question 19

In the OT treatment and intervention for children with ASD which ADL is addressed to increase repertoire of food preferences for improved nutritional intake?

Answer 19

feeding and self-feeding

Question 20

As an OT practitioner how do you treat a child with ASD to anticipate change or transitions?

Answer 20

by providing schedules and timers in classroom

Question 21

How does writing a social story for a child with ASD encourage new learning?

Answer 21

by developing social skills

Question 22

How should a COTA start a t/x session for a child with ASD in terms of tasks?

Answer 22

start with a less desirable task followed by a pleasurable task

Question 23

What’re 3 OT t/x’s for children with ASD in terms of play?

Answer 23

development of play skills, sharing & turn-taking

Question 24

How would a child with ASD develop body awareness to improve motor planning?

Answer 24

massage, swings, weighted utensils, and hanging materials

Question 25

What is the design of a peer-mediated approach for children with

Answer 25

to teach typically developing children ways to help children with ASD