Pediatrics

Question 1

Red flags for growth and development is changes in >/= ____ percentile lines

Answer 1

> /= 2 percentile line

Question 2

People w/ downs are at higher risk for what MSK injury?

Answer 2

spinal cord injury

Question 3

Round face that appears flat, upward slanding eyes and low set years, simian crease on hands and macroglossia and poor moro reflex

Answer 3

Downs

Question 4

Microcephaly, shortened palpebral fissures and flat nasal bridge, ears are underdeveloped

Answer 4

FASD

Question 5

conjunctivitis within 2-5 days after birth is likely

Answer 5

Gonorrhea

Question 6

Conjunctivities that is 4-10 days after birth with watery discharge then purulent discharge is likely
What other test is important to rule out complications?

Answer 6

chlamydia
NP swab for chlamydial pneumonia

Question 7

Weight loss beyond ___ % in neonates is abnormal

Answer 7

7%

Question 8

Name this rash?
What is the prognosis

Answer 8

Erythema toxicum neonatorum
Lasts 1-2 weeks and resolves spontaneously

Question 9

Cafe au lait spots, when concerning

Answer 9

macular brown spots, >/= 6 spots > 5mm
Rule out neurofibromatosis

Question 10

When is a port wine stain concerning?
Who to refer to? What to rule out?

Answer 10

upper or lower eyelid on v1 or v2 branches of trigeminal nerve
refer to opthamologist to rule out congenital cataracts

Question 11

Painful abdomen in toddler with mass that is firm, irregular and crosses midline
What organ is affected

Answer 11

Adrenal glands
Neuroblastoma

Question 12

Horners syndrome
Note: Horner syndrome can result from a lesion anywhere along a three-neuron sympathetic (adrenergic) pathway that originates in the hypothalamus

Answer 12

miosis, ptosis and anhidrosis

Question 13

Vision is 20/20 by what age?

Answer 13

6 years

Question 14

Term for misalignment of the eyes
Term for lazy eye

Answer 14

Strabismus
Ambylopia

Question 15

Greater than ___ line difference in snellen chart is concerning

Answer 15

Refer to opthamology
2 line

Question 16

High risk factors for hearing loss: HEARS mnemonic

Answer 16

hyperbilirubinemia
Ear infections
Apgar scores low at birth
Rubella/Cytomegalovirus, toxoplasmosis
Seizures

Question 16

High risk factors for hearing loss: HEARS mnemonic

Answer 16

hyperbilirubinemia
Ear infections
Apgar scores low at birth
Rubella/Cytomegalovirus, toxoplasmosis
Seizures

Question 17

Screen for iron deficiency at ___ to ___ months

Answer 17

9-12 months

Question 18

Screen for iron deficiency at ___ to ___ months

Answer 18

9-12 months

Question 19

caput succedaneum does not cross midline. T/F?

Answer 19

False

Question 20

Head circumference is measured up to ____ age

Answer 20

3 years

Question 21

Cephalohematoma

Answer 21

Does not cross suture lines

Question 22

Infants double their birth weight by _____ months and triple their weight by _____

Answer 22

6 months
12 month s

Question 23

Start measuring height at ___ years

Answer 23

2 years

Question 24

When to refer for chroptorchidism

Answer 24

4-12 months for urology

Question 25

Moro reflex disappears by ____ months

Answer 25

3-4 months

Question 26

What reflex dissapears by 6 weeks of age

Answer 26

stepping reflex

Question 27

T/F A strong moro reflex in an older infant > 6 months is abnormal and indicates brain injury

Answer 27

Truw

Question 28

What is the only vaccine that is given at birth?

Answer 28

Hep B vaccine

Question 29

What tetanus diptheria vaccine to give if < 7 years and > 7 years?

Answer 29

DTAP < 7 years TDAP > 7 years

Question 30

Varicella and MMR vaccines are started at what age?

Answer 30

12 months

Question 31

At what age to children follow objects past midline

Answer 31

2 months

Question 32

Smiles spontaneously and begins to babble

Answer 32

4 months

Question 33

Palmar grasp and passes from one hand to another

Answer 33

6 months

Question 34

Rolls over in both directions

Answer 34

6 months

Question 35

Pincer grasp, waves and claps hands

Answer 35

9 months

Question 36

T/F absence of babble by 9 months is red flag for development

Answer 36

True

Question 37

Can follow simple directions and say 2-4 words by what age?

Answer 37

12 months

Question 38

Jaundice that starts after 24 hours and usually clears up within 2-3 weeks

Answer 38

Physiological jaundice

Question 39

Jaundice that starts after 1 week and peaks 2-3 weeks and resolves in > 1 month

Answer 39

Breast milk jaundice

Question 40

Infant colic rule of 3's

Answer 40

Resolves in 3-4 months, occuring > 3 days per week for > 3 hours - normally occurring at same time each day

Question 41

T/F. normal finding is higher BP in arms than legs

Answer 41

True

Question 42

Painful abdorminal mass that is firm, irregular and FREQUENTLY crosses midline

Answer 42

Neuroblastom

Question 43

asymptomatic abdominal mass that extends from flank towards midline, RARELY crosses midline

Answer 43

Wilms tumor/Nephroblastom

Question 44

Hot potato voice and severe sore throat and drooling AND what is the most common bacterial cause?

Answer 44

Epiglottis H. flu

Question 45

T/F. Osteomyelitis is less common in infants than adults

Answer 45

False, more common in children/infants

Question 46

What is a serious complication of rhinosinusitis, AOM and dental infection

Answer 46

Periorbital cellulitis

Question 47

RF = child is ___ years of age or older and is voiding at night

Answer 47

5 years

Question 48

ASD screening starts at ___ to _____ months

Answer 48

18-24

Question 49

Red flags No babbling or cooing by ___ months No single words by ___ months No two word phrases by ___ months

Answer 49

12 16 24

Question 50

WARM CREAM Kawasaki

Answer 50

Fever x 5 days Conjunctivitis Rash Palmar erythema Adenopathy Mucous membranes - strawberry tongue

Question 51

Koplik spots are pathomnemonic for

Answer 51

Measles

Question 52

3 imms needed at 11 & 12 years

Answer 52

HPV Tdap Men-C

Question 53

pain over malignant areas following ETOH consumption

Answer 53

Hodgkins lymphoma

Question 54

Precocious puberty is if puberty starts before ___ years Delayed pubutry is no breast development by age ___ years

Answer 54

8 12

Question 55

After tanner stage II, females start menarche in ___ to ___ years

Answer 55

1-2 years following

Question 56

Age of precocious puberty in males Age of delayed puberty in males if no testicular growth by ___ years

Answer 56

9 14 years

Question 57

Name the tanner stage: Increased rugation of scrotum

Answer 57

II

Question 58

Name the tanner stage: Penis elongates, scrotal color darkens

Answer 58

III

Question 59

Name the tanner stage: Penis thickens

Answer 59

IV

Question 60

Breast bud Name the tanner stage:

Answer 60

II

Question 61

Name the tanner stage: One mound breast tissue and areola

Answer 61

III

Question 62

Secondary breast mounds Name the tanner stage:

Answer 62

IV

Question 63

Sparse straight hair Name the tanner stage:

Answer 63

II

Question 64

Pubic hair starts to curl Name the tanner stage:

Answer 64

III

Question 65

Hair curly but not yet on medial thigh Name the tanner stage

Answer 65

IV

Question 66

Primary amenorrhea, no menses by age of ____ years, no breast development by ___ years and absence of pubic hair by ____ years

Answer 66

15 years 13 14

Question 67

Pain to tibial tuberosity in adolescents that are active

Answer 67

Osgood shlatter

Question 68

Born with extra X chromosome. One of the causes of primary hypogonadism

Answer 68

Kleinfelter

Question 69

Females with complete or absence of secondary sex chromosome. Webbed neck. High arched palate and short 4th metacarpal

Answer 69

Turners Syndrome

Question 70

Enlarged breasts without breast bud or disk like breast tissue palpable

Answer 70

Pseudogynecomastia

Question 71

Name the condition

Answer 71

Stasis dermatitis