Pediatrics Flashcards
(35 cards)
Female sexual maturity:
Breast: small nipples, no breasts
Pubic hair: no pubic hair
Stage 1
Female sexual maturity:
Breast: breast and nipples have just started to grow, the areola has become larger. Breast tissue bud feels firm behind nipple
Pubic hair: initial growth of long pubic hairs (straight, no curls), light color
Stage 2
Female sexual maturity:
Breast: Breasts and nipples have grown additionally. Areola is darker, breast tissue bud is larger.
Pubic hair: Pubic hair is wider-spread, hair is darker and curls may have appeared
Stage 3
Female sexual maturity:
Breast: Nipples and areolas are elevated and form an edge toward the breast. The breast has grown a little larger
Pubic hair: More dense curly hair growth with curls and dark hair. Still not entirely as an adult woman
Stage 4
Female sexual maturity:
Breast: Fully developed breast. Nipples are protruding and the edge between areola and breast has disappeared.
Pubic hair: Adult hair growth, dense, culry hair extending toward the inner thigh
Stage 5
How does fetal development occur?
Cephalocaudal (head-to-toe)
When does the auditory canal stop curving in/up?
3 years old
If you see nystagmus and strabismus in a child under 6 months, is this normal?
Yes
Finding shotty lymph nodes in the anterior and posterior cervical chains is a common finding in children?
Yes
If you discover palpable supraclavicular, epitrochlear, and popliteal lymph nodes in a child, is this normal?
No this is never a normal finding in any patient of any age
When do teeth begin to erupt?
6-8 months
When should the child have all teeth but the second molars erupted?
30 months
You are assessing a child and hear an inspiratory S2 split, is this normal?
Yes, this is common in children
You have a child come in for their 4 year old well visit. You ask the parent history-taking questions and the child chimes in. At what age can a child start assisting in history-taking with age appropriate questions?
Around 4-5 years old
When does the one-on-one portion of the exam of you and the child begin?
In adolescents and can be chaperoned by a staff member that is not the parent to establish a rapport with the patient
When does the AAP recommend developmental surveillance screenings besides with each patient encounter?
Ages 9 months, 18 months, 24 or 30 months
The head-to-toe is how you traditionally exam a patient. However, children move more, can cry often at the doctors, and are not the easiest to get to sit still. What is the approach used for examining children?
Quiet to active
Is percussion a routine part of the examination on a child?
No
When does BP become a normal part of assessment during pediatric patient encounters?
3 years old
Where can a checklist for CV clearance for sports participation be found?
AHA
If you have a child with Stage I or Stage II HTN and NO organ damage, do they have sports participation restrictions?
No, AHA believes that the sports participation and CV effort can help improve the HTN
When doing a sports participation physical exam, what should be palpated throughout?
Every joint
When you are assessing for a sports participation physical, you should auscultate the heart in a squatting or Valsalva maneuver position for what reason?
Murmurs and extra sounds of cardiomyopathy are not always heard during the non-dynamic auscultation of the heart
When you are discussing safety with a child/adolescent, what should be added into this disccusion?
Internet safety such as social media, video games/apps
