Pediatrics

Question 1

Vital signs babies HR

Answer 1

120-160

Question 2

Vital Signs babies Resp

Answer 2

40-60

Question 3

Vitals Signs babies BP

Answer 3

systolic 65

diastolic 50

Question 4

APGAR

Answer 4

Appearance
Pulse
Grimace
Activity
Respiration

Question 5

Appearance

Answer 5

2: pink
1: pink torso/blue extremities
0: blue all over

Question 6

Pulse

Answer 6

2: >100
1: 60-100
0:

Question 7

Grimace

reflex and irritability

Answer 7

2: sneeze, cough, loud cry
1: grimace/feeble cry
0: no response

Question 8

Activity

muscle tone

Answer 8

2: Active movements
1: some flexion
0: no movement

Question 9

Respiration

Answer 9

2: strong
1: weak irregular
0: absent

Question 10

APGAR doesn’t predict

Answer 10

cerebral palsy

Question 11

newborn eye problems
day one?
day 2?
1 wks?
3 wks?

Answer 11

day 1: chemical irritation
day 2: n. gonorrhea
1 week: chlamydia
3 weeks: herpes simplex

Question 12

Vitamin K
factors?
Method of giving?

Answer 12

Factors 2, 7, 9, 10

IM injection

Question 13

Transient Polycythemia of the Newborn

Answer 13

Increased RBCs
secondary has increased EPO
Causes hyperviscosity, decreased perfusion, thromboses
most often a problem with LGA, SGA, IDM

Question 14

Transient Tachypnea of the newborn

Answer 14

> 60 bpm

Tx: as though it is sepsis. Start oxygen, antibiotics, work up with CBC and chest x-ray

Question 15

Transient Hyperbilirubinemia

Answer 15

Increased production of unconjugated bilirubin

Question 16

Caput succedanum

Answer 16

crosses suture lines

Question 17

cephalohematoma

Answer 17

does not cross the suture line

Question 18

Erb-Duchenne Palsy

Answer 18

waiters tip

C5-C6

Question 19

Klumpke Paralysis

Answer 19

C7-T1

claw hand plus horner syndrome

Question 20

Clavicular fracture

Answer 20

will heal on it’s own or you can give a figure 8 split

Question 21

Neonatal Sepsis

Early

Answer 21

mom infections
E. Coli + Group B strep + Listeria
Tx: ampicillin, gentamycin, cefotaxime

Question 22

Neonatal Sepsis

Late

Answer 22

After the first week
Staphylococci, E. Coli, Group B strep
Tx: ampicillin, gentamycin, cefotaxime

Question 23

Chorioretinitis, hydrocephalus, ring enhancing lesions

Answer 23

Toxoplasmosis

Tx pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine

Question 24

rash on palms/soles, snuffles, frontal bossing, hutchinson 8th n palsy, saddle nose

Answer 24

syphilis

Tx Penicillin IV

Question 25

PDA, cataracts, deafness, hepatosplenomegaly, low plts, elevated bilirubins

Answer 25

Rubella | Tx: supportive

Question 26

Periventricular calcification, microcephaly, chorioretinitis, hearing loss

Answer 26

CMV | Tx: Gangciclovir

Question 27

Shock and DIV Vesicular skin lesions encephalitis

Answer 27

Herpes | Tx: acyclovir and supportive care

Question 28

polyhydraminos

Answer 28

too much fluid | assoc with overproduction, esophageal atresia, cns malformations

Question 29

Oligohydraminos

Answer 29

too little fluid | caused by post-term pregnancies, renal agenesis and renal failure

Question 30

Omphalocele

Answer 30

midline covered sac assoc. with imperforate anus, congenital heart defects, conjoined twins, trisomy 18, beckwith weidemann syndrome tx: surgery

Question 31

Gastrochisis

Answer 31

no sac covering | lateral wall defect

Question 32

Wilm's tumor

Answer 32

asymptomatic flank mass, hematuria, hypertension and aniridia first diagnostic test? U/S MC diagnostic test : CT

Question 33

Neuroblastoma

Answer 33

painful abdominal mass, neurological findings, diarrhea | commonly involves adrenal gland

Question 34

Hydrocele

Answer 34

painless, benign, fluid filled

Question 35

cryptochidism

Answer 35

undescended testis, increased cancer risk | surgical correction after 6 months

Question 36

hypospadias

Answer 36

ventral surface opening, surgery

Question 37

Epispadias

Answer 37

dorsal surface opening, surgery

Question 38

Cyanotic heart defecs

Answer 38

``` Tetralogy of Fallot Transposition of great vessels Hypoplastic left heart syndrome Truncus arteriosus total anomalous pulmonary venous return ```

Question 39

Tetralogy of Fallot

Answer 39

pulmonary stenosis VSD Overriding Aorta Right ventricular hypertrophy

Question 40

Transposition of the Great Vessels

Answer 40

Right and left heart circulations defect must have a VSD, ASD, or PDA Tx: PGE1 -keeps it open

Question 41

Hypoplastic left heart

Answer 41

absent pulses right ventricular heave mild cyanosis/gray

Question 42

Truncus Arteriosus

Answer 42

one great vessel pulmonary hypertension Tx: surgery

Question 43

Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return

Answer 43

pulmonary veins return to the right atrium two types

Question 44

TAPVR with obstruction

Answer 44

early in life with resp distress and severe cyanosis. Test: echo Tx: surgery

Question 45

TAPVR without obstruction

Answer 45

Presents later at 1 -2 year with heart failure Test: Echo Tx: surgery

Question 46

Acyanotic Heart Defects

Answer 46

VSD ASD PDA Coarctation of the aorta

Question 47

88

Answer 47

88

Question 48

Barking cough, coryza, stridor respiratory distress Steeple sign

Answer 48

Croup Viral Parainfluenza/ RSV Tx: racemic epinephrine Moderate severity: steroids Severe: racemic epinephrine and steroids

Question 49

fever, drooling, respiratory distress | Thumbprint sign

Answer 49

Epiglottitis MCC: bacterial Tx: Intubate, empiric antibiotics,

Question 50

Epiglottitis micro?

Answer 50

H. Influenza type B | Streptococcus and nontypeable H. influenza