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NBCOT Exam OTR > Pediatrics > Flashcards

Pediatrics Flashcards

(66 cards)

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1
Q

Rooting Reflex

A

E- b4 born
I - 3mo
stroke cheek/lip. head turn to stimulation
searches for food

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2
Q

Suck Swallow Reflex

A

E- b4 born
I - 5mo
Finger into mouth. Baby sucks. Eat food

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3
Q

Traction Reflex

A

E - b4 birth
I - 5mo
Pull forearms to sitting. head, hand, arm flexion. Head lag expected until approx. 4mo.

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4
Q

Moro Reflex

A 
E - b4 birth
I - 4-6mo
startle/drop head back
1. arm extension/abduction
2. arm flexion/adduction
protective alarm system
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5
Q

Plantar reflex

A

E - b4 birth
I - 9mo
Pressure on ball/sole of foot
Toes curl in flexion. Prepares feet to position in standing
Retained = grav. insecurity, tactile sensitivity, prob w/foot positioning.

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6
Q

Galant Reflex

A

E - b4 birth
I - 2mo
Prone Suspension. Stroke side of spine. Lateral trunk flexion
trunk stabilization, balance & hip ROM for crawl/walk

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7
Q

Palmar Grasp

A 
E - b4 birth
I - 6mo
Finger in palm, finger flexion. 
Increased tactile input to palm. 
Retained = poor FM, poor grasp release
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8
Q

ATNR

A

E - b4 birth
I - 4-6 mo
rotate head to side - hold 5s. Fencing pose.
Retained = head dictates arm mvts. difficulty crossing midline, poor hand eye coordination, poor reading comprehension, poor handwriting

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9
Q

TLR

A 
E - B4 birth
I - 6mo
Lay prone - total body flexion
Lay supine - total body extension
Retained = prone - diff lift/extend head
                   Supine - diff sitting up d/t extensor dominating.          Either one = decreased posture, tone, coordination.
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10
Q

STNR

A

E - 4-6 mo
I - 8-12mo
Quadruped
flex head - arms flex, legs extend
extend head - arms extend, legs flex
important for crawling.
retained= interfered with sitting up. Leg extension resists movement.

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11
Q

Landau

A

Landing a plane
E - 3mo
I - 12-24mo
Hold prone in air. Total body extension.

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12
Q

Righting Reactions

A

Initiate Rolling

Critical for head control, crawling, standing

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13
Q

Neck Righting

A

E - 4-6mo
I - 5yrs
Supine turn head to side. body LOG ROLLS to follow
important for transition from supine to side-lying

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14
Q

Body Righting

A

E - 4-6mo
I - 5yrs
Bend 1 leg to chest = segmental rolling -more mature

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15
Q

Optical Head Righting

A

E - Birth
I - persists
tilt to side/forward/back. maintains head upright
uses visual cues

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16
Q

Labyrinthine Head Righting

A

E - birth
I - persists
Cover eyes, tilt in space. maintains head upright using vestibular system.

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17
Q

Downward parachute reaction

A

E - 4mo
I - persists
hold vertically, quickly lower feet toward surface. Legs extend/straighten
protective against fall

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18
Q

Forward Parachute reaction

A

E - 6mo
I - persists
Prone suspension, tip forward. arms extend/abduct

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19
Q

Sideward Parachute Reaction

A

E - 7mo
I - persists
Sitting, tip to side
unilateral arm extension/abduction

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20
Q

Backward Parachute

A

E - 9mo
I - persists
sitting, tip back
bilateral arms extend back or spinal rotation and unilateral arm extension.

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21
Q

Equilibrium reactions

A 
all - balance on tilt board
Spine curves toward lifted side, arms/legs extend/abduct
Prone tilt - E - 5mo
Supine tilt - E - 7-8mo
Quad tilt - E - 9-12mo
Standing tilt - E - 12-21mo
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22
Q

1st line of defense against falling =

2nd line of defense =

A 
1st = equilibrium reactions
2nd = protective reactions
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23
Q

Pellet Grasp Progression

A 
Visual Attention - 3mo
Raking grasp - 6mo
Inferior Scissors Grasp - 7mo
Scissors Grasp - 8mo
Inferior Pincer - 9mo
Pincer Grasp - 10mo
Fine Pincer - 12mo
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24
Q

0-12yrs = what type of play

A

Exploratory/Social

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25
0-3mo motor development
``` The New World observing/tracking eye contact smile/coo head side to side head righting bear weight on forearms uncoordinated swiping ```
26
4-6mo motor development
The Stronger World Increased trunk strength/stability/head control Lifting head - NO LAG FOMO - fear of missing out
27
6mo motor development
``` The Sitting World roll, shift weight, sit w arms propped/wide BOS bring feet to mouth sequential rolling - getting mobile weight shifts, free's up arm for play Greater core strength/trunk stability ```
28
7 - 10 -12 motor development
The Mobile World 7 Crawl on belly 10 Creeping and Cruising 12 Walking
29
Pediatric Developmental Assessments
Denver Dev Screen 1mo - 6yrs 1st Steps Screening 2y/9mo - Pre-K Miller Assessment for Pre-K 2y/9mo - 5y/8mo HELP 0-3 w dev delay, 3yrs - 6yrs w or w/out dev delay Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory 6mo - 7.5yrs
30
Ped motor and VM assessments
``` Miller (M-Fun) 2y/6mo - 7y/11mo BOT-2 4yr - 21y BEERY VMI 2yr - 100yr DTVP - 2 4yr - 10yr PVMIA - 3.5 - 5.5yr MVPT - 3 4yr - 7yr TVPS 4yr - 18yr TVMS 3yr - 13yr ```
31
Ped Sensory Assessments
Sensory Profile SP 0-36mo, 11-65yrs Sensory and Praxis Test SIPT 4yr - 8yr/11mo Sensory Processing measure SPM 5yr - 12yr
32
Release object
``` 0-1mo no release 1-4mo involuntary 5-6mo 2 stage transfer 6-7mo 1 stage transfer 7-9mo voluntary ```
33
Fine Motor Manipulation
Finger to palm 12-15mo palm to finger 2-2.5yrs shift 3-5yrs simple rotation (90*) 2-2.5yrs complex rotation (360*) 6-7yrs in hand manipulation/stabilization 6-7yrs
34
Pre-writing
palmar supinate grasp 1-1.5yrs digital pronate grasp 2-3yrs static tripod posture 3.5-4yrs dynamic tripod posture 4.5-6yrs
35
Scissor Skills
``` 2-3 yrs Interest, holds/snips, opens/closes 3-4 yrs forward motion, lateral direction, straight line, simple geometric shapes (triangle, square) 3.5-4.5 yrs cuts circles 4-6 yrs simple figures 6-7 yrs complex figures ```
36
Erik Erikson Stages
``` 8 Ego -trust vs mistrust 0-18 -autonomy vs shame/doubt 2-4 -initiative vs guilt pre-k -industry vs inferiority elementary -self ID vs role diffusion teen -intimacy vs solidarity vs isolation young adult -generativity vs self absorption middle adult - integrity vs despair older adult ```
37
L. Kohlberg
Moral Development 3 Preconventional to 8 yrs punishment/obedience conventional to 9/10 yrs social conformity, law/order postconventional varies social contracts
38
Maslow - hierarchy of human needs
``` basic to complex physiological safety love/belonging self-esteem self-actualization ```
39
Piaget
``` Cognition Sensorimotor 0-2 Preoperational 2-7 Concrete 7-11 formal 11-teen ```
40
Play categories
Exploratory 0-2 Symbolic 2-4 Creative 4-7 Games 7-12
41
Cognitive Milestones
``` -OBJECT USE- shake 3-6mo pull/tear 6-9mo containers 8-9mo open doors/roll ball 9-12mo objects w schemes 12+mo baby/stroller/push - links schemes 12-15mo multiple scheme combinations 24-36mo scheme into complex scripts 36-24mo ```
42
Problem Solving 6-9mo
object permanence Independent movement gets toy visual anticipation consequences
43
Prob Solving 9-12mo
use of tools goal directed purpose actions = responses
44
Prob Solving 12-15mo
recruits help turns objects to inspect them trial and error
45
Prob Solving 18-21mo
ID shapes on/off switches predict effects/presume causes
46
Problem Solving 21-24mo
Matches shapes
47
Prob Solving 24-27mo
Discriminates size
48
Prob Solving 24-30mo
horizontal/vertical block building
49
Prob Solving 27-30mo
mental plan | relate experiences
50
Prob Solving 36-48mo
9 cube tower | build using memory
51
Prob Solving 48-60mo
build up complex structures | spatial awareness, cause and effect
52
Symbolic Play
12-16mo make believe with self (sleep) 12-18mo make believe on objects/others (dolls) Use of familiar schemes 18-24mo substitute block as a train. doll washes "itself"
53
Feeding
B4 33wks gestation non oral after 33wks gestation jaw/tongue movements 40 weeks gestation rooting/gag/cough reflexes -4mo 4-5mo munching 6mo tongue strong up and down 7-8mo masticaate soft food, diagonal jaw movements 9mo tongue lateralization, sip cup 12mo firm jaw, rotary chewing 24mo chew most tough foods
54
Recommend videofluoroscopy
if high risk of aspiration
55
Havighurst Developmental Skills - Infancy/childhood
``` walk solid food talk toileting sexual differences/modesty physiologic stability social and physical reality family bonds know wrong/right ```
56
Havighurst Developmental Skills - Middle childhood
``` physical development - skills for games healthy self-concept make friends read, write, calculate morality, values formulate opinions ```
57
Havighurst Dev Skills - Adolescence
greater relationships with males and females gender/social role adjust to changing body decreased emotional reliance on parents/adults prep for marriage/family/career value system socially responsible behaviors
58
Havighurst Dev Skills - Early Adulthood
``` choose partner - adjust to them start family raise kids manage home pursue occupation civic responsibility find social group ```
59
Havighurst Dev Skills - Middle Adulthood
``` guide adolescents civic/social responsibility career leisure accept physiological changes accept aging parents ```
60
Havighurst Dev Skills - Later Adulthood
cope with changes in strength/health retire, adjust to decreased income death of a spouse change in social roles
61
Lela Llorens
Developmental Individuals to be viewed horizontally and longitudinally -at a specific period of time and over the course of time.
62
Life Span
Max Age Potential 110-120yrs
63
Life Expectancy
Around 78.8 in US
64
Leading causes of death > 65y/o
``` CHD Cancer CVD COPD Pneumonia/Flu ```
65
Diseases/Chronic Illness' > 65y/o
arthritis HTN hearing heart
66
Hyponatremia
low blood sodium

NBCOT Exam OTR (3 decks)

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