Pediatrics Misc

Question 1

Intercavernosum phenylephrine is the treatment modality for

Answer 1

Priapism

Question 2

First step treatment for phimosis

Answer 2

Dorsal slit procedure
Topical steroid cream
Periodic gentle retraction

Question 3

What is the most common cause of external shunt infection?

Answer 3

Staph epidermidis

Question 4

What is the most common reason for pediatric VP shunt failure?

Answer 4

Choroid plexus obstruction

Question 5

When considering scrotal pain, what favors torsion over epididymitis?

Answer 5

Acute, severe pain
High riding testicle
pain worsens with testicle elevation
Absent cremasteric reflex
Decreased Doppler color flow

Question 6

What is the most common way to de-torse a testicle?

Answer 6

Medial to lateral rotation for 1-1.5 rotations

Question 7

What is Prehn sign?

Answer 7

Relief with elevation of the affected testicle

Question 8

What is a complex febrile seizure?

Answer 8

Multiple seizures during the same illness (>1 in 24 hours), prolonged seizures (>15 min), focal seizures

Question 9

What kind of vomiting is commonly seen in pyloric stenosis?

Answer 9

Non-bilious

Question 10

What is the classic finding in pyloric stenosis seen on upper GI series?

Answer 10

String sign passage of contrast through narrow pyloric sphincter

Question 11

What do the labs show in pyloric stenosis?

Answer 11

Hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis

Question 12

What common viral infection is associated with intussusception?

Answer 12

Adenovirus

Question 13

What medications are associated with the development of necrotizing enterocolitis?

Answer 13

Indomethacin

Vitamin E

Question 14

The majority of shunt infections present when?

Answer 14

Within the first two weeks of placement, with 80% occurring by 6 months

Question 15

Intravenous Ig is used to treat

Answer 15

Kawasaki disease
ITP
Guillain-Barre

Question 16

What is the diagnostic test of choice for suspected malrotation with volvulus?

Answer 16

Upper GI series

Question 17

What type of intussusception occurs with HSP?

Answer 17

Ileoileal

Question 18

What is the most commonly fractured bone in children <2?

Answer 18

Clavicle

Question 19

The most common cause of acute onset altered consciousness in the pediatric population is

Answer 19

Toxic ingestion

Question 20

Most common intra-abdominal injuries associated with Chance fractures of lumbar vertebrae

Answer 20

Pancreas and small bowel

Question 21

What is the triad of “seat belt syndrome” in children?

Answer 21

Lumbar spine fracture
Intra-abdominal injury
Pelvic fracture

Question 22

What is the most common cause of acquired heart disease in children?

Answer 22

Kawasaki disease

Question 23

The most common causes of neonatal (<1 month) meningitis are

Answer 23

group B Streptococcus and Escherichia coli

Question 24

The most common causes of meningitis in children (>1 month to 18 years) are:

Answer 24

Neisseria meningitidis
Strep pneumo
H. flu