Pediatrics Part 1

Question 0

Perform which vital signs first?

Answer 0

Least invasive

Question 1

Don’t forget to talk to ____ even before you talk to the child.

Answer 1

Parents

Question 2

Order of obtaining vital signs:

Answer 2

Respirations (1 full minute)
Heart rate (Apical-1 full minute)
Blood pressure
Temp

Question 3

Do not use a rectal thermometer in children over ____.

Answer 3

Three months

Question 4

Most reliable measurement of core temperature

Answer 4

Rectal

Question 5

Axillary temperature can be used when?

Answer 5

All ages when oral route is not available.

Question 6

Oral temps can be taken beginning at age:

Answer 6

5-6

Question 7

Tympanic temps can be used at what age?

Answer 7

All ages

Question 8

Never use a rectal temp in the _____client.

Answer 8

Immunosupressed

Question 9

Will activity level affect the oxygen level?

Answer 9

Yes..always record what is going on at the time pulse ox is measured

Question 10

The _____percentile is the median growth rate.

Answer 10

15th

Question 11

Growth rate between ages 6 and 12 generally increases or decreases?

Answer 11

Decreases

Question 12

Dry and course hair could

Be a sign of poor ________.

Answer 12

Nourishment

Question 13

FLACC stands for?

Answer 13

Face, legs, activity, crying, consolability

Each worth 2 points

Question 14

Wong-Baker (faces) pain scale is usually used in children at what age?

Answer 14

3 and older

Question 15

Numerical pain scale is used with what age?

Answer 15

5 and older

Question 16

Most common type of Croup experienced by children admitted to hospital and primarily affects children under five…

Answer 16

Laryngotracheobrochitis

Question 17

Nature of causes of LTB?

Answer 17

Viral

Question 18

S/S of LTB?

Answer 18

Diarrhea
Barking or brassy cough
Increased temperature

Question 19

Common sites for pulse ox in peds?

Answer 19

Fingers and Toes

Question 20

What affects an O2 level, especially in peds?

Answer 20

Activity level (record activity along with vitals)

Question 21

What percentile is the median growth for children?

Answer 21

15th

Question 22

What within __ to __ percent for height, weight, and head circumfrence is desired.

Answer 22

5-95

Question 23

Growth rate increases or decreases between 6 to 12 years of age?

Answer 23

decreases

Question 24

Dry and course hair in pediatric patients could indicate..?

Answer 24

Poor nutrition

Question 25

If eyes are sunken, could be a sign of ..?

Answer 25

dehydration

Question 26

What does CRIES stand for? (pain scale)

Answer 26

``` Crying (0-2) Requires increased O2 (0-2) Increased vital signs (0-2) Expression (0-2) Sleepless (0-2) ```

Question 27

What does FLACC stand for? (pain scale)

Answer 27

Face, Legs, Activity, Crying, Consolability

Question 28

Wong-Baker (faces) pain scale is used on children of what age? What is the range of this scale?

Answer 28

any age but usually 3 years and older 0-5

Question 29

At waht age is the numerical scale used?

Answer 29

5 and older

Question 30

Grunting and head bobbing may indicate....?

Answer 30

Hypoxia

Question 31

Most common type of Croup experienced by children admitted to the hospita.

Answer 31

LGTB

Question 32

LGTB primarily affects children under ___ (age)

Answer 32

5

Question 33

Source of causes of LGTB

Answer 33

Viral

Question 34

Classic s/s of LGTB (3)

Answer 34

Slight to severe diarrhea, barking or brassy cough, increased temperature

Question 35

Treatment of LGTB

Answer 35

steam (hot showers), cool mist humidifiers, car rides with windows down, hospitilization with corticosteroid therapy.

Question 36

Cause of epiglottitis:

Answer 36

H. influenza

Question 37

Classic s/s of epiglottitis: (3)

Answer 37

Drooling, absence of cough, agitation with rapid progression to severe respiratory distress.

Question 38

Treatment for epiglottitis:

Answer 38

May require intubation or trach, IV antibx and corticosteroids

Question 39

s/s of tonsillitis: (6)

Answer 39

mouth breather, bad breath, impaired taste and smell, muffled/nasal quality to voice, persistent cough, swollen tonsils, which can lead to otitis media.

Question 40

Tx for tonsillitis:

Answer 40

Tonsillectomy

Question 41

Positioning after tonsillectomy: (2)

Answer 41

On side with elevated HOB or prone

Question 42

What kind of fluids cannot be given post-op tonsillectomy?

Answer 42

red or brown

Question 43

What would indicate that hemorrhaging is occuring post-op tonsillectomy?

Answer 43

Frequent swallowing

Question 44

How many days post-op tonsillectomy is the client at risk for hemorrhaging?

Answer 44

10 days

Question 45

What is a common findings post-op tonsillectomy?

Answer 45

C/O Sore throat and ear pain, low grade temp, bad breath (old blood in throat)

Question 46

Otitis Media usually follows a _____

Answer 46

URI

Question 47

Otitis Media usually affects what part of the ear? | What are blocked?

Answer 47

Middle | Eustachian Tubes

Question 48

What does the tempanic membrane look like in otitis media?

Answer 48

buldging and bright red

Question 49

What helps with pain with Otitis Media?

Answer 49

heating pad

Question 50

Otitis Media patient should avoid_____. _____ should be provided.

Answer 50

Chewing, soft foods

Question 51

Which side should this patient lie on to promote drainage?

Answer 51

affected side

Question 52

This patient may need _____ ____ to keep the middle ear drained.

Answer 52

PE Tubes (grommet)

Question 53

How long does a grommet saty in .

Answer 53

6 months then falls out

Question 54

While PE (GROMMET) tubes are in, where _____ _____ when bathing or swimming to keep moisture out.

Answer 54

Ear plugs

Question 55

Leading cause of Lower Respiratory Tract Illness in chilren less than 2.

Answer 55

RSV

Question 56

Risk factors for RSV: (3)

Answer 56

Prematurity, congenital disorders, smoke

Question 57

High risk for RSV children need..?

Answer 57

an RSV vaccine

Question 58

Why is important to know onset of symptoms with RSV?

Answer 58

Disease will become worse on days 2-3

Question 59

RSV DX:

Answer 59

Nasalpharyngeal swab

Question 60

Treatment for RSV: (severe)--5

Answer 60

Oxygen (may need mechanical ventilation), IV Fluids, Suction, Antipyretics, Antiviral (Ribavirin)

Question 61

Causes of pneumonia: (4)

Answer 61

Viral, bacterial (strep), mycotic (walking pneumonia), aspiration.

Question 62

Who mostly gets mycotic pneumonia?

Answer 62

Adolescents

Question 63

s/s of pneumonia: (5)

Answer 63

Fine crackles, abdominal distention, back pain, high fever, chest pain from coughing

Question 64

Tx of pneumonia: (6)

Answer 64

``` O2 Fluids Antibx Antipyretics Nebulizer Cough suppresant (only at night) ```