Peds

Question 1

neonate

Answer 1

0-28 days

Question 2

infant

Answer 2

28 days-1 year

Question 3

toddler

Answer 3

12-24 months

Question 4

young child

Answer 4

2-12 years

Question 5

older child

Answer 5

12-18 years

Question 6

lung development: 4 weeks

Answer 6

lungs start to form

Question 7

when do lung start producing surfactant

Answer 7

24 weeks

Question 8

when do mature alveoli form

Answer 8

36 weeks

Question 9

when do most alveoli form

Answer 9

postnatally

Question 10

pediatrics have more _________ rib angle

Answer 10

horizontal

Question 11

peds breathing is __________ driven

Answer 11

diaphragmatically

Question 12

ped ribcage has _______ compliance

Answer 12

high compliance

Question 13

why do peds have smaller tidal volumes

Answer 13

due to diaphragmatic breathing
25% type 1 fibers

Question 14

FRC is _____ in peds

Answer 14

decreased

Question 15

peds have a _______ apneic threshold

Answer 15

very short apeneic threshold

Question 16

neonates O2 consumption

Answer 16

6-8ml/kg/min

Question 17

infant O2 consumption

Answer 17

3-4 ml?kg/min

Question 18

closing capacity in infants is _____ than FRC

Answer 18

CC > FRC

Question 19

when CC approaches FRC, what happens

Answer 19

small airway starts to collapse

Question 20

neonate breathing pattern

Answer 20

periodic breathing

Question 21

what is common post op in premature pts

Answer 21

apnea

Question 22

neonatal myocardium has __________ myocytes

Answer 22

poorly organized myocytes

Question 23

peds SV

Answer 23

fixed

Question 24

peds CO is dependent on

Answer 24

HR

Question 25

when is the sympathetic nervous system fully developed

Answer 25

4-6 months

Question 26

peds have an exaggerated

Answer 26

vagal response prone to bradycardia

Question 27

what do you give peds before DL

Answer 27

atropine

Question 28

as pts get older, HR ______

Answer 28

decreases

Question 29

as pts get older, systolic pressure ____

Answer 29

increases

Question 30

as pts get older, RR

Answer 30

decreases

Question 31

what replaces the placenta after birth

Answer 31

kidneys

Question 32

GFR at birth

Answer 32

15-30%

Question 33

GFR 5-10 day old

Answer 33

50%

Question 34

when does renal function approach normal

Answer 34

6 months

Question 35

what drug can you not give to peds under 6 months?

Answer 35

NSAIDs toradol

Question 36

blood volume is ______ in youngest pts

Answer 36

higher

Question 37

blood volume in ________ to age

Answer 37

inversely proportional

Question 38

Hg before birth

Answer 38

HgF

Question 39

Hg after birht

Answer 39

HGA

Question 40

Hg at birth rate

Answer 40

14-20 g/dl HgF = 70-80%

Question 41

Nadir occurs

Answer 41

9-12 weeks

Question 42

Nadir Hg

Answer 42

10-12 g/dL

Question 43

Nadir occurs when

Answer 43

loss of HgF but have not made enough HgA

Question 44

Nadir causes ______ shift of the oxy-hb curve

Answer 44

right shift due to 2,3 DPG

Question 45

Nadir compensatory mech

Answer 45

increase 2,3-DPG

Question 46

peds inhalational induction

Answer 46

faster than adults

Question 47

infants MV:FRC ration

Answer 47

5:1

Question 48

adults MV:FRC ration

Answer 48

1.5:1

Question 49

what pts need the highest MAC values

Answer 49

infants 0-6months

Question 50

what fluids should peds get in OR

Answer 50

isotonic to avoid hyponatremia/K+ disturbances

Question 51

what crystalloids should you give peds

Answer 51

LR plasmalyte

Question 52

what colloids should you give peds

Answer 52

albumin

Question 53

when do we give glucose to peds

Answer 53

<6 mos <5kg

Question 54

why do we give glucose to peds

Answer 54

pts are NPO high metabolism makes diagnosis difficult

Question 55

peds have _________ occiput

Answer 55

larger occiput

Question 56

peds have _________ tongue

Answer 56

larger tongue

Question 57

what is the narrowest part of peds airway

Answer 57

cricoid (cords)

Question 58

where is the larynx in peds

Answer 58

C3-4

Question 59

what shape is a peds epiglottis

Answer 59

omega

Question 60

neonate-12 mo mask size

Answer 60

2

Question 61

1-4 year mask size

Answer 61

3

Question 62

4-12 year mask sizde

Answer 62

4

Question 63

12+ year mask size

Answer 63

5

Question 64

err on the __________ size for mask

Answer 64

larger

Question 65

peds uncuffed ETT

Answer 65

age/4 +4

Question 66

peds cuffed ETT

Answer 66

uncuffed-0.5

Question 67

peds ETT depth

Answer 67

3*internal diameter of tube

Question 68

LMA has ______ airway complications vs ETT in peds

Answer 68

lower

Question 69

<5 kg

Answer 69

LMA 1

Question 70

5-10kg

Answer 70

LMA 1.5

Question 71

10-20kg

Answer 71

LMA2

Question 72

20-30kg

Answer 72

LMA2.5

Question 73

30-50kg

Answer 73

LMA 3

Question 74

50-70kg

Answer 74

LMA4

Question 75

peds IBW

Answer 75

IBW = 2*age+10

Question 76

peds lose heat more ________ than adults

Answer 76

more rapidly

Question 77

how do infants thermoregulate

Answer 77

non-shivering thermogenesis brown fat metabolism

Question 78

when do kids start expericinge PONV

Answer 78

2 years

Question 79

what peds sx have higher PONV risk

Answer 79

tonsils ears eyes gonadal cleft palate dental lap

Question 80

how to treat PACU stridor

Answer 80

dexamethasone racemic epi

Question 81

PONV treatment

Answer 81

dexamethasone zofran benadryl

Question 82

emergence agitation treatment

Answer 82

demedetomidine (0.5-1mcg/kg) at extubation