Peds Flashcards
(22 cards)
newborn <30 days with fever warrants
sepsis workup
(CBC, blood culture, urinalysis, urine culture, CXR, and LP), admission, and empiric abx treatment (usually ampicillin plus cefotaxime)
what constitutes a fever
rectal temp >38/100.4
fever 3-36 months is usually
viral
how to tx fever in kids
Acetaminophen 15mg/kg Q4H
Ibuprofen 10mg/kg
Ensure close follow up, Educate your parents
Period of apnea, transient color change (usually pale or cyanotic) &transient change in tone (limp or stiff)
apparent life threatening injury
factors involved with SIDS
Brain defects
Low birth weight
Respiratory infection
sleep related SIDS factors
Sleeping on the stomach or side…should sleep on back!!
Sleeping on a soft surface
Sharing a bed
Overheating
SIDS risk factors
Sex
Age (most vulnerable 2-4th months)
Race (nonwhite infants are more likely to develop SIDS)
Family history.Babies who’ve had siblings or cousins die of SIDS are at higher risk of SIDS.
Secondhand smoke
Being premature
MCC complication of AOM
mastoiditis
how to tx AOM
amoxicillin
when to suspect acute bacterial sinusitis
if symptoms persist or are severe: fever > 39*C, purulent nasal drainage for > 3 days & ill appearance
Cyanosis, AMS, somnolence, bradycardia and shock often indicate
impending respiratory failure and cardiac arrest
steeple sign
croup
Empiric abx: ampicillin/sulbactam or ceftriaxone
Consider in all children w/ unilateral wheezing
foreign body aspiration
definitive tx is bronchoscopy
how to tx peritonsilar abscess
clindamycin
how to tx retropharyngeal abscess
Antibiotics: BROAD (ampi/sulbactam or Clinda & 3rd gen cephalosporin)
viral vs bacterial pneumo on xray
Viral – diffuse interstitial infiltrates, hyperinflation, atelectasis, peribronchial thickening
Bacterial – lobar or segmental infiltrate
how to tx dehydration
oral fluids
NS 20ml/kg Bolus
Ondansetron .15mg/kg/dose
maintenance are 4/2/1 (4 mg for first 10 k, 2 mg for 2nd 10 kg, 1 thereafter)
when to give antibiotics for gastroenteritis
significant fever, diarrhea > 10-14 days, blood or pus in stool
Non-bilious projectile vomiting right after feeding
Diagnosis:May feel “olive pit” in RUQ
pyloric stenosis
hwo to dx appendicitis
Ultrasound now more often used for children
CT if US nondefinitive and concern is high
Classic triad = vomiting, abd pain & current jelly stool
Sudden colicky epigastric pain; sausage shaped mass in R abdomen (Dance sign); Lethargy
Diagnosis:
intussusception
