Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ENT > Peds Airway > Flashcards

Peds Airway Flashcards

1
Q

What differs in airway anatomy bet Adults and PEds?

A

1) Located high in the neck
2) Epig behind soft palate
3) Funnel shaped
4) Narrowest comp is cricoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the purpose of anatomical differences in peds?

A

Allows infants to suckle continuously without holding breath =>
Obligate nose breathers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the critial narrowest part of adult airway?

A

Nose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

You have a patient with an insp/exp sound that is biphasic, high pitched and harsh. What is it called?

A

Stridor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What aspect of the airway changes the air resistance the most?

A

Radius changes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the traits of an obstruction of the nasal cavity?

A

Life Threatening @ birth
Easy Dx
-Nasal cannulla passed @birth
-Relief w/ cry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

List the types of congenital NAsal obstruction?

A

Choanal atresia
Nasal pyriforn aperture stenosis
nasal lacrimal duct cysts
Neoplastic: Encephalocele (neuroectoderm), Dermoid, Glioma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the traits of Choanal atresia?

A

Female > Male
Bony or membranous
Persistance of Bucopharyngeal membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the traits of Pyriform Stenosis?

A

form of Holoprosencephaly

Associated w/ central megaincisor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the traits of Rhinitis of infancy?

A

MOST COMMON
Persistent nasal congestion in first 6 mon w/ no etiology
Self resolving

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the imaging options for the nasal passage?

A

Nasal endocopy and X-ray

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

List Causes of Oropharynx and Hypopharynx obstruction caused by tongue?

A

Macroglossia
Lingual Thyroid
Vallecular Cysts
Craniofacial anomaly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are Causes of Oropharynx and Hypopharynx obstruction NOT caused by tongue?

A

Adenotonsillar Hypertrophy**
Pharyngeal wall infections
Neoplasms
Vascualr Malformation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the Traits of Retropharyngeal Abcesses?

A

Swelling behind Trachea caused by air causing bacteria => obstruction
Rapid progression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

List the causes of Supraglottic Obstruction?

A 
Laryngomalacia
Laryngocele
Epiglottis
Foreign Body: latex baloon
Neoplastic: Hemangioma, Vasc malf, Papilloma
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the traits of LAryngiomalacia?

A 
MOST COMMON cause of peds stridor
Resolves by one year
Sugical correction
Abn at base of skull
Redundant Aretynoid tissue
17
Q

What is the technique used to Dx Laryngomalacia?

A

Laryngoscopy

18
Q

What happens if infant can’t feed due to airway obstruction?

A

Failure to thrive

19
Q

What is the Infectious etiology of Epiglottitis?

A

Haemophilus Influenza
Life threatening
Thumbprint sign

20
Q

WHat is the most common cause of supraglottic airway obstruction? Most common airway obs in infancy?

A

Laryngomalacia

21
Q

What are the Congenital Causes of Pediatric Laryngeal Obstruction?

A

Glottic Atresia/cleft
Glottic webs
Vocal fold paralysis

22
Q

What malformation is assiciated with Congential vocal fold paralysis?

A

Chiari malformation

23
Q

What are the traits of Recurrent Resp Papillomatosis?

A

MOST COMMON NP in children
Etiology is HPV 6 and 11 vertical transmission
Hoarseness and progresses to stridor/distress
20 surgeries to maint airway
Immunologically resolves with maturation

24
Q

List the traits of Subglottic Airway obstruction?

A 
Stenosis
Cyst
Hemangioma
Foreign Body
Infection/Croup
25
Q

WHat are the traits of Subglottic Stenosis?

A

Iatrogenic

Scars down with freq Intubation?

26
Q

What are the top 3 causes of Congenital stridor?

A

1) LM
2) Bilateral Vocal fold paralysis
3) Subglottic Stenosis

27
Q

What are the traits of Subglottic Hemangioma?

A

2:1 female/male ratio
Asymptomatic @ birth
Cutaneous hemang. seen in 50%

28
Q

What is the Most common neoplasm in kids

Most common neoplasm in infant airway

A

Hemangioma

29
Q

List types of Tracheobronchial Obstructions?

A 
Trachiomalacia
\+/- TE Fistula, Ext compression: Vasc rings, mediastinal tumors
Trachial Rings
Asthma
Foreign body
30
Q

What are the traits of Tracheomalacia?

A

Confused w/ laryngiomalacia

Depends on location and extent

31
Q

What are the traits of Foreign body Obstruction?

A

Most likley food particle

Coin in esophagus

ENT (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions