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1st Year Med School (Random) > Peds Bacteria/Parasites Jones > Flashcards

Peds Bacteria/Parasites Jones Flashcards

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1
Q

Brucella general

A

Etiology - small, aerobic, nonspore, nonmotile, G- coccobacillary

Epidemiology - handling infected goats, unpasteurized milk

Traveler

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2
Q

Brucella Clinical manifestations -

A

long inoculation perior
Classic Triad: Fever, Arthralgia/arthritis, HSM
Thrombocytopenia to pancytopenia

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3
Q

Brucella Dx

A

Serum agglutinin test

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4
Q

Brucella Tx

A

Doxycycline for children 8+

Bactrim for children under 8

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5
Q

Campylobacter jejuni general

A

Etiology - G-, curved, thin, non spore rods

Epidemiology - Ingestion of contaminated chicken/turkey or raw milk

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6
Q

Campylobacter jejuni Clinical manifestations

A

Gastroenteritis

Complications Reactive arthritis; Guillain-Barre syndrome

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7
Q

Campylobacter jejuni Dx

A

Stool culture

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8
Q

Campylobacter jejuni Tx

A

Supportive care: rehydration

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9
Q

Bartonella henselae general

A

Cat scratch disease
Etiology - small pleomorphic G- bacilli in LN

Epidemiology - inoculation from cat-scratch kittens to 6 months

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10
Q

Bartonella henselae Clinical manifestations

A

Papules to tender LAD to lymphadenitis w/ fever

NO I&D

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11
Q

Bartonella henselae Dx

A

Bartonella henselae Ab titer

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12
Q

Bartonella henselae Tx

A

Supportive care!

Amoxicillin-clavulinic acid for no staph

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13
Q

Clostridium botulinum general

A

Etiology - Acute, flaccid paralysis caused by neurotoxin

Epidemiology - infant foodborne/ wound

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14
Q

Clostridium botulinum Clinical manifestation

A

Infant: inability to feed, lethargy, weak cry,

diminished spontaneous movement; dysphagia, drooling

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15
Q

Clostridium botulinum Dx

A

Classic triad of botulism - acute onset of symmetric flaccid descending paralysis with sensorium, no fever, no paresthesias

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16
Q

Clostridium botulinum Tx

A

Human botulism Ig, given IB (BIG-IV)

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17
Q

C. diff general

A

Etiology: G+ anaerobic bacillus, spores

Epidemiology - preceding hospitalization or abx exposure

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18
Q

C. diff Clinical manifestation

A 
pseudomembranous colitis 
(watery diarrhea)
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19
Q

C. diff Dx

A

C. diff toxin detection

Children under 3 y.o. is NORMAL

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20
Q

C. diff Tx

A

Oral Metronidazole

Oral Vancomycin for recalcitrant or recurrent infections

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21
Q

Enterococcus etiology

A

G+
Catalase neg
Facultative anaerobes that grow in pairs or short chains

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22
Q

Enterococcus Clinical manifestation

A

Neonates: sepsis

Children: Nosocomial UTIs, bacteremia

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23
Q

Enterococcus Tx

A

Amoxicillin/ampicillin

if simple UTI: Nitrofurantoin

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24
Q

E. coli Epidemiology

A

Enteric and UTIs
Sepsis and meningitis in Newborn
Bacteremia and sepsis in Immunocompromised pts

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25
E. coli information CM Tx
6 major groups EHEC well known for HUS - kidney failure Clinical manifestations: mild diarrhea to hemorrhagic colitis Abx can induce toxins - HUS Fever in 1st week of life Bactrim?
26
Haemophilus Etiology Vaccine Prophylaxis
Fastidioius G- Pleomorphic coccobacillus Vacc: 12-15 months completed Rifampin for children
27
Haemophilus Clinical manifestations
``` Meningitis Preseptal and orbital cellulitis epiglottitis Pneumonia OTITIS MEDIA Conjunctivitis, Sinusitis ```
28
Haemophilus Tx
OM: 80-90 mg/kg/day of Amoxicillin
29
Listeria monocytogenes Etiology
facultatively anaerobic Nonspore, motile G+ Catalase + Perinatal infections from maternal infection Foodborne outbreaks dair and contaminated vegetables
30
Listeria monocytogenes General info
Neonatal listeriosis -
31
Listeria monocytogenes Tx
Ampicillin
32
Borrelia burgdorferi General
Lyme disease Epi- Outdoor occupation and leisure activities Transmission - Ixodes genus
33
Borrelia burgdorferi Clinical manifestations
Erythema migrans and constitutional sx (bull's eye Multiple migrans Neuritis Meningitis, carditis, arthritis
34
Borrelia burgdorferi Diagnosis
Erythema migrans | Serology
35
Borrelia burgdorferi Treatment
Doxycycline Amoxicillin under 8 y.o.
36
Borrelia burgdorferi Complications
Jarisch-Herxheimer Reaction after lysis of Borrelia
37
Neisseria meningitidis Epidemiology
close contact via aerosol droplets or exposure to respiratory secretions
38
Neisseria meningitidis Clinical manifestations
Fever -> Nucchal rigidity -> Petechiae -> septic shock rapid Prominent petechiae then purpura then loss of circulation Middle artery
39
Neisseria meningitidis Tx
Ceftriaxone Prophylaxis Rifampin, Cipro for 18+
40
Neisseria meningitidis Risk factors
Complement or properdin deficiencies increase risk CH50 test for recurrent
41
Mycobacterium tuberculosis LTBI
Positive TST, neg CXR, no other evidence of TB disease Children with LTBI - Isoniazid (w/ LFTs) IFN-gamma little data
42
Pasteurella Multocida
Skin infection s/p animal bite Sx present w/in 24hrs of bite PCN Amoxicillin-clavulanate adds Azithromycin w/ PCN allergies
43
Bordetella pertussis Sx
Classic catarrhal, Paroxysmal, and Convalescent stages Whoop -> lowering -> residual effects
44
Bordetella pertussis Dx
Clinical Picture Deep nasopharyngeal aspirate
45
Bordetella pertussis Tx
Tx and Prophylaxis: Azithromycin Prophylaxis after significant exposure
46
Pseudomonas species Epidemiology
"swimmer's ear" Puncture wound through shoe Nosocomial UTIs Respiratory Infections in CF
47
Pseudomonas species Tx
Ceftazidime IV Ciprofloxacin outpatient
48
Rickettsial diseases Clinical manifestations
Rocky Mountain spotted fever ehrlichiosis Clinical triad - Fever, HA, Rash rose red blanching macules on extremities, wrists, ankles, lower legs Spreads to entire body - Includes soles and palms Petechial, purpura, hemorrhagic possible
49
Rickettsial diseases Tx
Doxycycline
50
Salmonella species Clinical manifestations
Enteritis Bacteremia
51
Salmonella species Dx
Blood or Stool culture
52
Salmonella species Tx
Rehydration Supportive care
53
Shigella species Epidemiology
Contaminated food (salad) water daycare centers
54
Shigella species Pathogenesis
Shiga toxin
55
Shigella species Clinical manifestations
dysentery - bloody diarrhea, fever, abd cramps, rectal pain, mucoid stools
56
Shigella species Dx
Stool culture
57
Shigella species Tx
Rehydration Vit A, Zinc ceftriaxone, but maybe not
58
Staphylococcus aureus Clinical manifestations
Skin Respiratory - pneumonia, empyema Sepsis Osteomyelitis TSS
59
Staphylococcus aureus Dx
Wound or blood culture
60
Staphylococcus aureus Tx
I&D Vancomycin or Clindamycin
61
Streptococcus agalactiae Epidemiology
GBS | Neonatal sepsis: early onset 7 days
62
Streptococcus agalactiae Clinical manifestations
GBS Early - signs and sx of sepsis Late - sepsis, some meningitis
63
Streptococcus agalactiae Dx
GBS | Positive culture
64
Streptococcus agalactiae Tx
PCN G
65
Streptococcus pneumoniae Epidemiology
MCC of bacteremia bacterial pneumonia OM bacterial meningitis in children
66
Streptococcus pneumoniae Prevention
Pneumococcal 13-valent vaccine - good immune PCV 23 - immunocompromised, high risk
67
Streptococcus pyogenes Clinical manifestations
``` GAS Pharyngitis Impetigo, pyoderma Perianal cellulitis Endocarditis, pericarditis Scarlet fever and erysipelas Necrotizing fasciitis Rheumatic fever, acute glomerulonephritis ```
68
Streptococcus pyogenes Dx
GAS Rapid Ag test Throat culture antistreptolysin O assay anti=DNase B
69
Streptococcus pyogenes Tx
PCN and Cephalosporins
70
Streptococcus pyogenes Rheumatic fever
JONES criteria prophylaxis criteria

1st Year Med School (Random) (20 decks)

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