peds exam 3 toddler/prescool

Question 1

A parent of an 18-month-old boy tells the nurse that he says no to everything and has rapid mood swings. If
he is scolded, he shows anger and then immediately wants to be held. The nurses best interpretation of this
behavior is that:

Answer 1

This is normal behavior for his age.

Question 2

What describes a toddlers cognitive development at age 20 months?

Answer 2

Realizes that out of sight is not out of reach

Question 3

Two toddlers are playing in a sandbox when one child suddenly grabs a toy from the other child. The best
interpretation of this behavior is that:

Answer 3

This is typical behavior because toddlers are egocentric

Question 4

Which statement about toilet training is correct?

Answer 4

Wanting to please the parent helps motivate the child to use the toilet.

Question 5

The parents of a newborn say that their toddler hates the baby . . . he suggested that we put him in the trash
can so the trash truck could take him away. The nurses best reply is:

Answer 5

That is a normal response to the birth of a sibling. Lets look at ways to deal with this

Question 6

A parent asks the nurse about how to respond to negativism in toddlers. The most appropriate
recommendation is to:

Answer 6

Reduce the opportunities for a no answer.

Question 7

The parents of a 2-year-old tell the nurse that they are concerned because the toddler has started to use
baby talk since the arrival of their new baby. The nurse should recommend that the parents:

Answer 7

Ignore the baby talk.

Question 8

Parents tell the nurse that their toddler daughter eats little at mealtimes, only sits at the table with the family
briefly, and wants snacks all the time. The nurse should recommend that the parents:

Answer 8

Give her planned, frequent, and nutritious snacks

Question 9

A father tells the nurse that his daughter wants the same plate and cup used at every meal, even if they go
to a restaurant. The nurse should explain that this is:

Answer 9

Ritualism, common at this age.

Question 10

The parent of 16-month-old Chris asks, What is the best way to keep Chris from getting into our medicines
at home? The nurse should advise that:

Answer 10

All medicines should be locked securely away.

Question 11

Steven, 16 months old, falls down a few stairs. He gets up and scolds the stairs as if they caused him to fall.
This is an example of which of the following?

Answer 11

animalism

Question 12

A nurse is planning care for a hospitalized toddler in the preoperational thinking stage. Which
characteristics should the nurse expect in this stage (select all that apply)?
a. Concrete thinking
b. Egocentrism
c. Animism
d. Magical thinking
e. Ability to reason

Answer 12

B,C,D

Question 13

Which should the nurse teach to parents of toddlers about accidental poison prevention (select all that

apply) ?
a. Keep toxic substances in the garage.
b. Discard empty poison containers.
c. Know the number of the nearest poison control center.
d. Remove colorful labels from containers of toxic substances.
e. Caution child against eating nonedible items, such as plants.

Answer 13

B,C,E

Question 14

The nurse is caring for a hospitalized 4-year-old boy, Ryan. His parents tell the nurse that they will be back
to visit at 6 PM. When Ryan asks the nurse when his parents are coming, the nurses best response is:

Answer 14

They will come after dinner.

Question 15

Which statement best describes a child who is abused by the parent(s)?

Answer 15

Unintentionally contributes to the abusing situation

Question 16

A 4-year-old child tells the nurse that she does not want another blood sample drawn because I need all my
insides, and I dont want anyone taking them out. Which is the nurses best interpretation of this?

Answer 16

Preschoolers have poorly defined body boundaries.

Question 17

In terms of language and cognitive development, a 4-year-old child would be expected to have which traits
(select all that apply)?
a. Think in abstract terms.
b. Follow directional commands.
c. Understand conservation of matter.
d. Use sentences of eight words.
e. Tell exaggerated stories.

Answer 17

B,E

Question 18

What should the nurse keep in mind when planning to communicate with a child who has autism?

Answer 18

The child may exhibit monotone speech and echolalia

Question 19

A nurse is preparing a teaching session for parents on prevention of childhood hearing loss. The nurse
should include that the most common cause of hearing impairment in children is:

Answer 19

Chronic otitis media

Question 20

The earliest recognizable clinical manifestation of cystic fibrosis (CF) is:

Answer 20

Meconium ileus.

Question 21

Which intervention for treating croup at home should be taught to parents?

Answer 21

take the child outside

Question 22

An accurate description of anemia is:

Answer 22

Decreased oxygen-carrying capacity of blood

Question 23

Iron dextran is ordered for a young child with severe iron deficiency anemia. Nursing considerations
include:

Answer 23

Injecting deeply into a large muscle.

Question 24

Which statement most accurately describes the pathologic changes of sickle cell anemia?

Answer 24

Increased red blood cell destruction occurs

Question 25

In which condition are all the formed elements of the blood simultaneously depressed?

Answer 25

Aplastic anemia

Question 26

What is the priority nursing intervention for a child hospitalized with hemarthrosis resulting from hemophilia?

Answer 26

Immobilization and elevation of the affected joint

Question 27

A young child with leukemia has anorexia and severe stomatitis. The nurse should suggest that the parents try which intervention?

Answer 27

relax eating pressures

Question 28

A common side effect of corticosteroid therapy is:

Answer 28

increased appetite

Question 29

A child is admitted with acute glomerulonephritis. The nurse would expect the urinalysis during this acute phase to show:

Answer 29

Hematuria and proteinuria