Peds Final Flashcards by Grace Phoenix

Genetic trait inheritance

Parent passes on genes to their children resulting in similar traits

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Spina bifida

Spinal cord does not close completely exposing part of the spinal cord/membranes
Bowl and bladder problems
Foot deformities
Latex allergy(75%)

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Turner syndrome

Genetic disorder affects females that are missing X chromosomes
Short stature
Inability to concentrate/stay on task
Nonverbal communication may be an issue

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Positive Moro reflex

Startle reflex, disappears at 3-4 months

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Cystic fibrosis

Genetic disorder that affects bodies glands, producing thick sticky mucus that clogs organs and leads to chronic inflammation/infections

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Allergic rhinitis

Inflammation of the inside of the nose caused by allergens

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Erythema toxicum

Common harmless rash in first few days of life.

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When do babies eat solid foods

6 months while still breast feeding/formula

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Croup (Larngotracheobronchities)

Viral respiratory infection, 6mnths-3yrs old
Monitor temp, resp rate, irritability

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Epiglottitis

Infection of epiglottis
Monitor resp rate, temp, irritability, drooling, immunizations

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5 months old

Establishes security and attachment

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Genetic testing

Lab analysis persons dna to identify genetic variations or mutations
Autism cannot be detected by this test
Ordered if child displays genetic disorders

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HIV

Virus attacks body’s immune system specifically the CD4
Transmitted by unprotected sex, sharing needles, infected mom at birth, breastfeeding

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Desmopressin
( man made vasopressin)

Treats diabetes insipidus and bed wetting, reduces frequent urination

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Desmopressin adverse affects
( man made vasopressin)

Dry mouth, headache, hyponatremia dizziness, epitxis, abdominal pain, nausea, do not shake, take under the tongue 1 hr before bed

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Autism spectrum disorder

Neurological and development disorder affecting how someone interacts, communicates, learn, behave
Unknown exact cause can be genetic or environmental factors

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Albuterol nebulizer

Medication inhalation to treat asthma and other lung conditions
Administer vibration, percussion, postural drainage if needed

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Group A B-hemolytic strepococci

Streptococcal disease is caused by bacterial infection that breaks down RBC

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Arteriovenous malformation (AVM)

Abnormal tangle of blood vessels causing problems with the arteries and vein connections

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Galactosemia

Rare hereditary disorder, the inability to convert galactose to glucose
Lactose intolerant, lethargy, poor feeding, jaundice

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Arteriovenous malformation (AVM) risk factors

Family history, other vascular malformations, hippel lindau disease(inherited genetic disease that predisposes

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MMR vaccine

First dose 12-15months
Second dose 4-6 years old

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Botulism infection

Rare but serious illness caused by a toxin that attacks the nervous system, can cause muscle paralysis, difficulty breast feeding

Tuberculosis TB

Bacteria that affects the lungs, airborne isolated negative pressure room, wear N95

Tetralogy of fallot

Congenital heart defect, four abnormal conditions pulmonary stenosis, ventricular hypertrophy

Psoriasis

Autoimmune skin disease, overactive T cells

Eczema management

Keep moisturized, topical corticosteroids, antihistamines, cool wet compresses, oatmeal baths

Lead poisoning

Can cause severe brain and nervous system damage, convulsions, headaches, constipation, loss of appetite, death

Angelman syndrome signs

Rare genetic disorder that affects nervous system, developmental delays, intellectual disabilities, speech impairment, movement and balance problems, seizures, behavioral abnormalities, physical features

Angelman syndrome

Rare genetic disorder that affects the nervous system

Childhood bullying

1 in 3 children are bullied, type of aggressive behavior

Holoprosencephaly HPE

Rare birth defect where the forebrain fails to properly develop and divide into two hemispheres

Holoprosencephaly HPE causes/risk factors

Genetic mutations in early pregnancy, pre-gestational diabete, folic acid deficiency

Beta thalassemia

Inherited blood disorder where the body makes less hemoglobin

Beta thalassemia symptoms

Fatigue, fever, dizziness, no contact sports

Hypothyroidism

Endocrine disorder where the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone. Delayed bone growth if untreated

Levothyroxine

Chemically identical to T4 which occurs naturally in the body

Levothyroxine side effects

Shakiness, rash, weight loss, headache

Head injury evaluation

Child’s nervous system, mental status, motor function, ataxia, muscle strength

Fragile X syndrome

Genetic disorder caused by mutation of the FMR1 gene on the X chromosome in males, causing intellectual disability, developmental delays, behavioral problems

Fragile X syndrome traits

Prominent jaw and forehead, large ears, flat feet, loose joints, educate family about physical traits

Strabismus

Crossed eyed

Strabismus complications

Amblyopia-dimness “lazy eye”

Sickle cell anemia

Genetic blood disorder that affects red blood cells, causing them to become rigid and sickled c shaped

Sickle cell anemia complications

Pain/sickle cell crisis, organ damage, anemia, jaundice, encourage fluid intake after crisis

2months-2years old sleeping patterns

10-14 hours and 1-3 hours of napping

2-3 year old sleeping patterns

12-13 hours and 1-2 hour naps

Skeletal traction

Treatment for broken bones that use pins, weights, pulleys to pull bone back into place

ADHD

A neurodevelopment disorder of persistent patterns of inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity that interfere w development and functioning

Hydrocephalus

Excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the brain’s ventricles causing ventricles to enlarge putting pressure on the brain tissue

Asthma exacerbation

Wheezing, nasal flaring

Respiratory infection

Inflammation of the respiratory tract, nose, sinuses, throat, trachea, lungs

Child life specialist

Would sit with child if family isn’t available, helps the family and children deal with stress

Pancreplipase

Cystic fibrosis medication that improves digestion, should be taken with meals

Nephrotic syndrome

Significant protein loss(proteinuria) caused by damage of small blood vessels in your kidneys that filter waste/water

Nephrotic syndrome symptoms

Swelling of feet, ankles, peri orbital edema

Primary goal and managing poison ivy dermatitis

Preventing scratching