Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

OB/PEDS TEST 3 > Peds t3 > Flashcards

Peds t3 Flashcards

1
Q

CHF Congrestive Heart Failure

A

When cardiac out put is insufficient the body’s sympathetic respons is activated

  • Vasoconstriction
  • Decrease blood flow to the kidneys activated renin-angiensin mechansim.
  • Aldosterone is secreted which reatains h2o and sault.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

CHF Children

A

Congenital heart defects are the most common cause of CHF in children.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

CHF Manifestations

A
  • Cardiac output is inadequate to meet body’s circulatory or metabolic needs.
  • Infant tires easily especially if feeding.
  • Weight loss or lack of weight gain, diaphoresis, irritability, and frequent infections.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Cardiac function

A

Increased 02 requirments for the first 8 weeks of life.

  • little cardiac reserve
  • Cardiac output depends on rate due to the muscle immaturity until 5 years of age.
  • During febrile illness, respiratory distress, or exercise infants and children respond by tachycardia.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

CHF Manifestations 2

A
  • Tachypnea, nasal flaring, grunting, retractions, cough, crackles. SOB with minimal exertion.
  • Tachycardia, cardiomegaly, cyanosis, poor peripheral pulses, cool extremities, <BP, heart murmur.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

CHF: Nursing Management of Digioxin

A

Used for digalization

-Serum level: maximum therapeutic level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

S x S of digoxin toxicity

A

N/V, anorexiz, bradycardia, vomiting, dyshythmias

-Check apical pulse for 1 minute before administration of digoxin (<100 hold Rx)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

CHF diagnostic Test

A

-Clinical manifestations, CXR, echocardiography.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Nursing Management of CHF Diagnostic Test

A
  • Thourhough head to toe assessment, lung sounds and other cardiac parameters
  • Teaching parents:dissease process therapeutic regime and medications.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Digoxin

A
  • 1 hour before
  • Don’t mix with food or fluid
  • If dose missed > 4 hours don’t give dose
  • If vomits don’t give dose
  • If missed >2 consecutive does call MD
  • Call poison control if overdose.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Other medications used for CHF

A
  • Ace Inhibitors (Captopril, Lisinopril may be used but with extreme caution.
  • Common side effects include a chronic cough, renal dysfunction and hypotension.
  • Loop diuretics. Must take supplemental K+ or increase dietary intake.
  • Watch for S/S of hypokalemia (Muscle weakenss, faccid extremites, dysrhythmias.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

CHF Etiology

A
  • Fetal exposure to drugs
  • Maternal viral infections
  • Maternal metabolic disorders such as diabetes
  • Maternal complications of pregnancy increased maternal age and antepartal bleeding.
  • Genetic factors
  • Chromosomal abnormalities such as down’s sydrome.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

CHF Feeding Strategies

A
  • Feed the infant or child in a relaxed environment; frequent, small feedings may be less tiring.
  • Hold infant in upright position, may provide less stomach compression and improve respiratory effort.
  • If chidl unable to consume appropriate amount during 30 mintue feeding every 3 hours consider nasogastric feedings.
  • Monitor for incrased tachypnea, diaphoresis, or feeding intolerance. -Vomiting.
  • Concentrating formula to 27 kcal/oz may incrase caloric intake without incraseing infants work.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Congenital Heart Problems

A 
Left to right shurning lesions
-Patient ductus arteriosus
-Atrial septal defect
-Ventricular septal defect
Obstructive or stenotic lesions
-Pulmonary stenosis
-Aortic stenosis
Coactation of the aorta.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

S x S of < Cardiac Output

A

< peripheral pulses

  • Exercise intolerance
  • Feeding difficulties
  • Hypotension.
  • Irritability, restlessness, lethargy
  • Oliguria
  • Pale, cool extemities
  • Tachycardia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Ventrical Spetal Defect (VSD)

A
  • Hole betwen the ventricles
  • Oxygenated blood from L ventricle is shunted to R ventricle and re-circulated to the lungs.
  • Small defects may spontaneously close
  • Large defects cause CHF and require O.R.
17
Q

Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)

A
  • Failure of fetasu ductus arteriorsus to close withing first week of life. Usually closes within 72 hours- 1 week after birth.
  • Oxygenated blood from aorta returns to pulmonary artery.
18
Q

Coarctation of the Aorta (COA)

A
  • Obstuctive narrowing of the aorta
  • Upper extremities < BP < or absent pulse
  • Lower ext: cool
  • May have: CHF, < Cardiac output
  • HTN may cause HA, dizziness, fainting, epistaxis
  • Tx balloon angioplasty
  • O. R. (resection via thoractomy incision)
19
Q

Airtuc Stebisus

A
  • Obstructive narrowing before, at or after the aortic valve.
  • Oxygenated blood flow from L vent into systemic cirulationn is diminshed.
  • Causes resistance to blood flow in left ventricle.
  • Murmur, exercise intol. chest pain, dissiness when standing long periods.
  • Card cath: dilate narrowed valve
20
Q

Cardiac defects

A
  • Signs and Symptoms:chronic hypoxemia
  • fatigue
  • Clubbing finguers and toes
  • Exertional dyspnea/squatting
  • Skin may have a ruddy appearance
  • Hypoxic spells.
21
Q

Cyanotic Defects Etiology.

A

Generally cause by valvular or vascular malformations

  • Most common cause is Tetrology of Fallot transposition of the great vessls and truncus arteriosis
  • Cause by malformation or combination of defects tha prevent adequate oxygenation.
22
Q

Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)

A
  1. Vetricular septal defect
  2. Pulmonic stenosis
  3. overriding aorta
  4. right ventricular hypertrophy
23
Q

Transposition of Great Vessels

A

-The pulmonary artery leaves the left ventricle, and the aorta exits from the right ventricle, and the aorta exits from the right ventricle, with no commuincation between system and pulmonary circulations.

24
Q

Truncus Arteriosus: TA

A
  • Pulmonary artery and aorta don’t sperate
  • Once main vessel recives blood from the L & R ventricles all together.
  • Blood mixes in R & L ventricles through a large VSD resulting in cyanosis
  • Requires O.R.
  • Only a large VSD allows for survival at birth.
25
Q

Acquired Heart Disease -Rhematic Fever

A
  • Manifest 2-6 weeks after an untreated beta hemolytic strep infection
  • A collagen disease that injures heart, blood vessles, joints, and subcutaneous tissue.
  • Usually affects the aortic and mitral heart valves.
26
Q

Clinical Manifestations

A
  • Carditis: Cheast pain, SOB
  • Tachycardia, even in sleep
  • Migratory large joint pain
  • Chorea: irregular, involuntary movements of arms and legs (temporary and will disappear
  • Rash
  • Fever
  • Nodules over bony prominences.
27
Q

Treatment

A
  • Bedrest:during febrile phases
  • Assess for cardiac distress
  • Penicillin or erythromycin
  • Aspirin for anti-infammatory & anticoagulation actions
  • Antibiotic prophylaxis
  • Without cardiac s/s 5 years or through age 21-25 years
  • With rhematic heart disease: 10 years or untill 40 years old.

OB/PEDS TEST 3 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions