PEER 8 Flashcards
(108 cards)
1
Q
Electrolyte abnormalities in primary adrenal insuffiency
A
hyperkalemia, hyponatremia
2
Q
radiation syndrome prodrome phase
A
nausea, vomiting, autonomic symptoms
3
Q
Best indicator for prognosis in acute radiation syndrome
A
Absolute lymphocyte count
4
Q
Systemic tx for Raynauds
A
Topical or oral CCBs
5
Q
Treatment of PCP seizures
A
Benzos, then phenobarb
6
Q
MC bug in SBP from PD
A
staph epi
7
Q
Legionella treatment
A
Macrolides
8
Q
Allergic disorders with persistent dsyphagia
A
eosinophilic esophagitis
9
Q
Hyperglycemia, Na correction
A
1.6 decrease for eery 100 of glucose increased
10
Q
Highest infectivity of pertussis
A
Carrahal phase
11
Q
IUP diagnosis on TVUS
A
A gestational sac with a yolk sac in the uterus
12
Q
double decidual sign
A
two concentric echogenic rings of tissue surrounding an intrauterine gestational sac, early sign of IUP
13
Q
Contraindications to nail trephination
A
Nail edge disruption, arylic nails (flammable)
14
Q
flexion of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint and hyperextension of the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint
A
boutonniere deformity
15
Q
peds cardiac arrest epi dose in ml/kg with concentration
A
1:10,000, 0.1ml/kg
16
Q
when LP needed in pediatric febilre seizure
A
meningeal sx, 6-12 months if immunizations deficient, those on antibiotics, 2nd day of illness, status
17
Q
What virus is most frequently associated with febrile seizures in the United States?
A
Human herpes virus 6
18
Q
MC reason for VP shunt malfunction
A
obstruction
19
Q
MC location of anal fissure
A
posterior, midline
20
Q
Topical medications for fissures in adults
A
Topical nifedipine and topical nitroglycerin, both of which increase local blood flow and promote healing
21
Q
tx for spontaneous pnemomediastinum
A
rest, analgesia
22
Q
dx of empyema on thora
A
+ culture, pH<7.2, glucose <60, WBC>50K, purulent fluid
23
Q
VS differences in TACO vs TRALI
A
TRALI: hypotension, fever, TACO: hypertension, afebrile
24
Q
MC viral cause of pancytopenia
A
Hep B
25
risk of tramadol
serotonin syndrome
26
electrolyte changes in rhabdo
hyperkalemia, hyperuricemia, hyperphosphetemia, hypocalcemia
27
MC complication of SCC
isosthenuria, inability to concentrate urine due to:cell sickling in the hypertonic and acidic medulla, resulting in infarction, renal papillary necrosis
28
Neutropenia definition
<500 ANC
29
What are indications for elective repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm even if the patient is asymptomatic?
Diameter greater than 5.5 cm or an aneurysm that expands greater than 0.5 cm in a six month period
30
MCC endopthalmitis
coag-negative staph s/p cataract surgery
31
MC CN palsy in cavernous sinus thrombosis
VI, LR
32
MC bug in Ludwig's angina
viridans strep
33
Indications for PO vanc in c. diff
>60, T>38.3, albumin <3, WBC>15, Cr>1.5 pre disease
34
indication for surg c/s for hemorrhoids
stragulated internal
35
second line for syphillis
doxycycline
36
indication to aspirate blisters of frostbite
large, hemorrhagic blisters, especially those that cross joints, be aspirated and damaged tissue should be bandaged with sterile, dry gauze
37
tick disease that cuases fever, HA, N/V/D, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, elevated LFTs
Ehrlichiosis
38
regions with chloroquine-sensitive malaria
Haiti, the Dominican Republic, most regions of the Middle East, and Central America west of the Panama Canal
39
chloroquine-resistant malaria regions
South America, South Asia, Africa
40
chloroquine-resistant malaria treatment
Quinine + doxy
Atovaquone/proguanil
Mefloquine
all PO
41
compliated malaria or P. falciparum treatment
Quinidine IV and doxycycline IV
42
four indications for admission of patients with uncomplicated malaria
Young children, immunocompromised patients, individuals with no acquired immunity (or those who live outside endemic regions), and patients with hyperparasitemia (four to ten percent)
43
EKG in propanolol OD
wide complex bradycardia
44
treatment BB overdose
glucagon, bicarb if QRS wide
45
BB with most significant NA channel blocking properties
propanolol
46
BB associated with ventricular dysrhythmias
Sotalol
47
Tx for traumatic iritis
steroids, mydriatics (muscarinic antagonists), analgesics
48
indication for lateral canthotomy
elevated intraocular pressures and evidence of optic neuropathy.
49
Type of virus that ebola is
Filoviridae, RNA virus
50
Type of virus Dengue is
Flaviviridae
51
WEE, EEE virus type
Togaviridae
52
Hantavirus transmitting animal
deer mouse
53
Phases of hantavirus
fever, cardiopulmonary phase, oliguric/diuretic, convalescent
54
Lab abnormalities in EBV
lymphocytosis, elevated LFTs
55
sciatic nerve branches
common peroneal and tibial nerve
56
common peroneal nerve branches
superifical peroneal and deep peroneal
57
superficial peroneal nerve innervation
sensation to lateral lower leg and dorsum of foot
58
deep peroneal nerve innervation
dorsiflexion of feet/toes and sensation between first and second toes
59
lateral cutaneous nerve innervation
upper, lateral thigh
60
obturator nerve innervation
leg adduction, medial thigh sensation
61
posterior tibial nerve innervation
sole of the foot, the distal foot and toes, and occasionally the heel
62
why common peroneal nerve is vulerable to compression injury
winds around the fibular head
63
Injury of what nerve can result in inability to flex at the knee and a flail foot
sciatic nerve
64
best emergency contraceptive oral option
ulipristal, a selective progesterone receptor modulator
65
What is the standard dose of oral N-acetylcysteine when treating acetaminophen overdose?
Loading dose of 140 mg/kg followed by 70 mg/kg every four hours for an additional 17 doses
66
Toxic dose of ASA
200-300mg/kg
67
MC vessel of occlusion in mesenteric ischemia
SMA
68
Appearance of cecal volvulus on plain films
coffee bean appearance or comma appearance
69
Risk factors for cecal volvulus
marathon rummers, younger, GI malignancy
70
most significant risk factor for endometritis
cesarean section
71
MCC acute mitral regurg
infective endocarditis
72
MC bug in erysipleas
strep pyogenes (beta hymeolytic)
73
Earliest findings in papilledema
loss of spontaneous venous pulsations
74
What finding on ocular ultrasound is an indication of increased intracranial pressure?
An optic nerve sheath diameter > 5 mm in adults predicts an intracranial pressure of > 20 mm Hg.
75
Winter's formula
PCO2=1.5 x HCO3- + 8 ± 2
76
Earliest signs of HACE
ataxia
77
What altitude does cerebral edema occur?
3000 meters
78
How fast should perimortem ceserian be performed?
4 minutes
79
How to differentiate hordeolum from chalazion
horedolum tender found near folicle, chalazion painless and above eyelashes
80
First line tx for trigeminal neuralgia
carbamazepine
81
MC area to sustain skull fracture
parietal area
82
MC symptom of primary brain tumor
seiuzre
83
MC causea of vaginal bleeding in the post-menopausal woman
uterine atrophy or vaginal atrophy
84
anterior cord syndrome
Complete loss of motor, pain and temp below injury, retaine proprioception and vibratory sensation
85
cord syndrome with worst prognosis
anterior cord syndrome
86
Alternative for INH for LTBI
Rifampin x 4 months
87
Grey-turner sign
Flank ecchymosis associated with retroperitoneal hemorrhage
88
Cullen sign
Peri-umbilical ecchymosis
89
How is a continuous naloxone infusion dosed
One-half to two-thirds of the total dose that initially was effective in reversing the respiratory depression is given hourly and titrated as needed.
90
Virus associated with CNS lymphoma
EBV
91
MC benign breast mass
Fibroadenomas, firm non-tender, mobile mass
92
Most useful historical features in appendicitis
migration, pain prior to vomiting, abscence of similar pain in past
93
Most useful physical exam findings in appendicitis
RLQ TTP, McBurney's TTP and abdominal wall rigidity
94
Treatment of anthrax
cipro, doxy or amox
95
RSI dose etomidate
0.3mg/kg
96
RSI succinylcholine dose
1.5 mg/kg
97
RSI ketamine dose
1.5 mg/kg
98
Low risk BRUE
```
Age>60
GA >32 wk and post conception age>45 weeks
No prior BRUE
<1min
No CPR
No concerning H&P
```
99
Lab test to differentiate mild from severe dehydration
bicarb
100
Diseases that require airborne precautions
TB, Measles, VZV (shingles or chicken pox)
101
Artery most at risk for arterial ischemia due to art catheter
brachial artery
102
Pediatric rule of nines
head 18%, arms 9% legs 14%, trunk (18% one side)
103
What is the appropriate dosing regimen for the administration of thrombolytics for ST elevation myocardial infarction?
Administration of alteplase 15 mg IV push followed by two subsequent alteplase infusions (0.75 mg/kg over 30 minutes and 0.5 mg/kg over 60 minutes).
104
What is the maximum dose of local lidocaine that can be given?
5 mg/kg for plain lidocaine and 7 mg/kg for lidocaine with epinephrine.
105
Lights criteria
Pleural:serum protein >0.5, LDH>0.6, >2/3 upper limit of normal
106
MC site of obstruction with esophageal FB
cricopharyngeal muscle
107
greatest risk factor for spontaneous PTX
smoking
108
scorpion bite presentation
neuronal Na depolarization: jerking, hypersalivation, fasciulations, CN deficits, tachy, hypertensive
