Pelvic Floor and Perinuem

Question 1

The three pelvic ligaments are:

Answer 1

1. Sacroiliac
2. Sacrospinous
3. Sacrotuberous

Question 2

Through the Greater sciatic foramen, runs the _____ muscle, _____ nerve, and superior and inferior gluteal vessels.

Answer 2

Primiforms, Sciatic

Question 3

The Pelvic Diaphragm attaches to ____ ____ , which is a thickening of the Obturator Internus Fascia

Answer 3

Tendinous Arch

Question 4

Looking down from your own perspective, what are the three “U” shaped muscles that make up Levator Anni?

Answer 4

1. Puborectalis (Fecal continence)
2. Pubococcygeus (Urinary Continence)
3. Ileococcygeus

Question 5

Aside from the Tendinous arches, there are 4 Endopelvic Fascia that are important and attach to FASCIAL WHITE LINE. The _____ ____ Ligament, which runs horizontal to the Cervix, and the ______ ligament, which is more superior, are both thickenings.

Answer 5

• Transverse Cervical
• Uterosacral

Question 6

Aside from the Tendinous arches, there are 4 Endopelvic Fascia that are important and attach to the FASCIAL WHITE LINE. The Anterior sheet between the Bladder and Cervix is known as the _____ Fascia and the Posterior Sheet, which is behind cervix and in front of rectum, is known as the _____ Fascia

Answer 6

• Pubocervical
• Rectovaginal

Question 7

Fascial White line is within the ____ muscle and attaches the Rectovaginal and Pubocervical Fascia. While the Muscular white line is the attachment point to the _____ muscle.

Answer 7

Levator Anni

Question 8

A stretch or a tear is the Pubocervical fascia results in a ______ocele, whereby the bladder pushes against the anterior vaginal wall

Answer 8

Cysto

Question 9

A tear or weakness of Rectovaginal fascia results in a _____ocele

Answer 9

recto

Question 10

The _____ _____ Artery, a branch of the Anterior Internal Iliac, is responsible for blood flow to the external Genitalia.

Answer 10

Internal Pudendal

Question 11

Ovarian Cancer spreads upward via the ____ ____ Nodes

Answer 11

Lateral Aortic

Question 12

Cervical Cancers spreads downward through the ___ ___ nodes

Answer 12

Internal Iliac

Question 13

The internal urinary sphincter is tonically stimulated by sympathetic innervation to allow the bladder to fill. As the bladder fills, stretch receptors are carried through parasympathetics, then the pelvic splanchnic nerves make the ______ muscle contract and override the inner sphincter.

Answer 13

detrussor

Question 14

If the labia majora is the scortum, then the labia minora corresponds with the _____ side of the penis

Answer 14

Ventral

Question 15

The Pelvic Vagina gets the Vaginal artery off of the _____ _____ artery, whereas the Perineal vagina gets its blood supply directly from the _____ ____ Artery

Answer 15

• Internal Iliac
• Internal Pudendal

Question 16

The Pelvic Vagina is Autonomic and gets fibers from the Inferior Hypogastrics, pain is transmitted via ______ Splanchnics.

Answer 16

Pelvic

Question 17

The Perineal vagina is Somatic and recieves innervation from the _____ nerve.

Answer 17

Pudendal

Question 18

Within the transverse cervical ligament, the ____ Artery can be found, the ureter will be underneath.

Answer 18

Uterine

Question 19

The ____ _____ ligament connects the ovary to the uterus

Answer 19

Proper Ovarian

Question 20

The rectum has tonic Sypmathetic innervation to the _____ sphincter.

Answer 20

Internal

Question 21

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia usually occurs in the ______ zone of the prosate, whereas Cancer usually occurs in the _______ zone

Answer 21

• Transitional,
• Peripheral

Question 22

A sympathetic alpha blocker would cause what side effect when the prostate region gets affected?

Answer 22

The internal sphincter would get inhibited and you would see retrograde ejaculation

Question 23

The Superior Rectal Artery/veins comes from the ____ ____, whereas the Middle and Inferior REctal come from the ___ ___.

Answer 23

• Inferior Mesenteric
• Internal Iliac

Question 24

The anorectal angle is maintained by the _____ muscle.

Answer 24

Puborectalis

Question 25

The Anal canal's Pectinate line divides the hindgut region derived from embryonic \_\_\_\_\_derm and the Proctodeum derived from embryonic \_\_\_\_\_derm

Answer 25

Endo, Ecto

Question 26

What type of pain is felt in the rectum above the pectinate line?

Answer 26

None, only pressure

Question 27

The internal iliac artery gives rise to the Internal Pudendal artery, which makes the _______ Rectal Artery.

Answer 27

Inferior

Question 28

Ironically, the deepest parts of the rectum below the Pectinate line feed to the ______ \_\_\_\_\_\_ Nodes, whereas the region above the pectinate line feeds to the _____ \_\_\_\_ Nodes.

Answer 28

Superficial Inguinal, Internal Iliac

Question 29

Which major nerves and arteries can be found through the ischioanal fossa?

Answer 29

Pudendal

Question 30

The ________ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is a sub-flood of the Pelvic Diaphragm, which has sphincteric control of urethra and vagina and contains the Deep Perineal pouch

Answer 30

Urogenital Diaphragm

Question 31

Name the three main components of the UG Diaphragm sandwhich.

Answer 31

1. Superior Fascia Rami-Rami 2. Muscle Rami-Rami 3. Inferior Fascia Rami-Rami

Question 32

In addition to the Sphincter Urethrae Muscle, Deep transverse Perineal Muscle, And Neurovascular vessels, The Deep Perinal Pouch in the Male also contains the _______ Glands and the _______ Urethra

Answer 32

Bulbourethral, Membranous

Question 33

In addition to the Compressor Urethrae Muscle, Deep transverse Perineal muscle, and neurovasc., you can also find the _____ and _____ in the female. **(BUT NO GLANDS in the deep perineal pouch!)**

Answer 33

Urethra, Vagina

Question 34

Be the Penile skin, Superficial penile fasica, and Deep penile fascia (Buck's) is the ___ \_\_\_ Penile vein, which gets collapsed against Buck's Fascia to cause an erection.

Answer 34

Deep Dorsal

Question 35

In the Superficial Perineal Pouch, Aside from Skeletal muscle, fascia, and Neurovasc., what two main things will you find in the male?

Answer 35

1. Erectile Bodies 2. Spongy Urethra

Question 36

Other than Erectile bodies, skeletal muscle, fascia, neurovasc, Urethra and vagina, what structure is found in the female **Superficial Pouch** that is NOT found in males.

Answer 36

Greater Vestibular Gland

Question 37

Name your 3 favorite Internal Iliac Posterior Artery Branches

Answer 37

1. Iliolumbar 2. Lateral Sacral 3. Gluteal Arteries

Question 38

The Internal Pudendal artery is the main source of blood to the Perineum, it branches off of the ____ division of the _____ \_\_\_\_ artery.

Answer 38

Anterior, Internal Iliac

Question 39

Somatic Innervation of the Perineum is via the ____ Nerve (S2, S3, S4)

Answer 39

Pudendal

Question 40

The three branches of the Pudendal nerve are the ______ Rectal, which controls the External Anal sphincter (Mixed), the _____ nerve, which is responsible for the sensory of the Penis and Clitoris, and lastly the _____ Nerve, which gives motor and sensory to all structures in superficial and deep pouches.

Answer 40

1. Inferior Rectal 2. Dorsal 3. Perineal

Question 41

The Autonomic Sympathetic Perineum starts preganglionic at the Lumbar splanchnics and connects with the Pudendal at the ______ Ganglion

Answer 41

Sacral

Question 42

The Autonomic Parasymp. Perineum starts with the ______ Splanchnics and connects to the cavernous nerves at the Inferior Hypogastric

Answer 42

Pelvic