Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Gynae > Pelvic Problems > Flashcards

Pelvic Problems Flashcards

(45 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

When does Ovarian Cyst torsion commonly occur?

A

Younger patients
Post-menopausal patients
Puerperium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are some symptoms of Ovarian Cyst Torsion?

A 
Unilateral Lumbar/Abdominal Pain
Duration >8h
Vomiting
NO Uterine Bleeding
Pyrexia
Tachycardia
Guarding 
Cervical Excitation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How is Ovarian Cyst Torsion diagnosed?

A

Pelvic USS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How should confirmed Ovarian Cyst Torsion be managed?

A

Laparoscopic detorsion +/- Oophorectomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are some potential complications of Ovarian Cyst Torsion?

A

Loss of function of the affected Ovary
Infection
Abscess
Perforation - Peritonitis and Adhesions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What happens to Fibroids during pregnancy that leads to their degeneration?

A

Fibroids grow rapidly exceeding their usual blood supply, leading to ischaemic and associated pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Why is degeneration of Fibroids common during pregnancy?

A

Hormonal Stimulation found during pregnancy encourages excessive growth of the Fibroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How does degeneration of Fibroids present?

A

Constant Dull Pain that responds to Opioids
Palpable mass
Raised inflammatory markers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the mainstay of management for Degenerated Fibroids?

A

Conservative

Surgical if ? Fibroid Torsion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is Pelvic Inflammatory Disease?

A

Ascending infection from the endocervix commonly found in 15-24y

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which organisms are usually responsible for PID?

A

Chlamydia

Gonorrhoea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are risk factors for developing PID?

A 
No use of Barrier Contraception
Previous PID
Early age of first intercourse
Multiple partners
DM
Immunocomprimise
Endometriosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are some symptoms suggestive of PID?

A 
Asymptomatic
Lower abdominal pain
Pyrexia
Vaginal discharge 
Dyspareunia
Intramenstrual and Post-Coital Bleeding
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which investigations would be appropriate for suspected PID?

A 
Pregnancy test
Bloods
MSU
Triple Swabs
USS
XR if ?Bowel Involvement
Diagnostic Laparoscopy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How should Mild-Moderate PID be managed?

A

Outpatient:
500mg IM Ceftriaxone Stat
Doxycycline 100 mg and Metronidazole 400mg BD PO for 14 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How should Severe/Septic PID be managed?

A

Inpatient
IV Ceftriaxone 2g daily and Doxycycline 100mg BD IV
2W oral Doxycycline 100mg and Metronidazole 400mg BD PO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is Endometriosis?

A

Endometrial glands are located outside the Uterus which respond to hormones giving Cyclical changes and pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is Adenomyosis?

A

Endometrial tissue is found within the myometrium. Presents with Pelvic Pain and Heavy Menstrual Bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are some symptoms of Endometriosis?

Study These Flashcards
A 
Dysmenorrhoea
Dyspaerunia
Dyschezia
Dysuria
HMB, IMB, PCB
Persistent lower abdominal pain
Epistaxis
Rectal Bleeding
20
Q

What are some signs suggestive of Endometriosis?

Study These Flashcards
A

Fixed retroverted uterus

Forniceal/Uterine tenderness

21
Q

How should suspected Endometriosis be investigated?

Study These Flashcards
A

Pelvic USS

Diagnostic Laparoscopy - Gold standard

22
Q

What medical management options are available for confirmed Endometriosis?

Study These Flashcards
A

Hormonal Therapy - COCP, GnRH, HRT

Tranexamic Acid

23
Q

What surgical management options are available for confirmed Endometriosis?

Study These Flashcards
A

Hysterectomy

Diathermy +/- Laser

24
Q

Which criteria are used to assess for IBS?

Study These Flashcards
A

Rome III Criteria

25
What are the Rome III Criteria?
Continuous/Recurrent abdominal pain 3 days a month for 3m Onset more than 6m ago Improvement in symptoms after defecation Associated with a change in form and frequency of stool
26
What occurs in a Vaginal Prolapse?
Descent of some of the pelvic organs into the Vagina
27
How are different Vaginal Prolapses defined?
Anterior - Urethrocoele and Cystocoele Central - Cervix/Uterus Posterior - Rectocoele and Enterocoele
28
What are some risk factors for a Vaginal Prolapse?
``` Childbirth Menopause Congenital Suprapubic Surgery Genetic ```
29
What are some symptoms of a Vaginal Prolapse?
``` Dragging feeling "Something coming down" Urinary Sx and Incontinence Bleeding/Discharge Bowel Sx ```
30
What are some signs of a Vaginal Prolapse?
Atrophic Vulval Changes | Urinary leakage
31
What are the three Primary management options for a Vaginal Prolapse?
Conservative Vaginal Pessary Surgery
32
What is the conservative management option for a Vaginal Prolapse?
Pelvic Floor Exercises
33
Which surgical options are available for management of a Vaginal Prolapse?
Anterior Vaginal Wall Repair Vaginal Hysterectomy Posterior Vaginal Wall Repair
34
What is Urinary Incontinence?
Involuntary loss of urine
35
What are the different types of Urinary Incontinence?
Stress Urinary Incontinence Overactive Bladder Urinary Retention with Overflow Fistula
36
What is Stress Urinary Incontinence?
Leakage of urine associated with a rise in intra-abdominal pressure
37
What are some risk factors for Stress Urinary Incontinence?
``` Pregnancy Prolapse Menopause Collagen disorders Obesity ```
38
What causes an Overactive Bladder?
Detrusor overactivity which can be: Idiopathic Neurogenic Psychogenic
39
What causes a Fistula leading to incontinence?
Surgery
40
What are some symptoms of incontinence?
``` Frequency Urgency Nocturia Voiding Sx Prolapse Sx ```
41
Which investigations are appropriate for a patient presenting with incontinence?
``` Examination - Abdominal and Pelvic Urinalysis - ?UTI Bladder Diary Post-Void USS - ?Residual Volumes Urodynamics study ```
42
Which lifestyle interventions can help to improve the symptoms of incontinence?
``` Regulate fluid intake Reduce alcohol and caffeine intake Weight loss Smoking cessation Avoid carbonated drinks Bladder retraining Physiotherapy if Pelvic Floor cause ```
43
Which medications can be used to manage Overactive Bladder?
Antimuscarinics - Oxybutinin
44
Which medication can be used for Stress Urinary Incontinence?
Duloxetine
45
Which surgical management options are available for incontinence?
Tension-Free Vaginal Tape for SUI | Botulinum Injections for OAB

Gynae (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions