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Pelvic Walls Flashcards

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1
Q

Main function of the pelvis

A

Transmit the weight of the body from the vertebral column to the femurs

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2
Q

How many bones make up the pelvis?

A

4 bones:

2-hip bones
1-sacrum
1-coccyx

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3
Q

The pelvic brim is formed by:

A
  1. sacral promontory
  2. iliopectineal lines
  3. symphysis pubis
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4
Q

The pelvic brim divides the pelvis into:

A
  1. False pelvis

2. True pelvis

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5
Q

Above the pelvic brim

A

False pelvis

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6
Q

Below the pelvic brim

A

True pelvis

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7
Q

Pelvic orientation: The front of the symphysis pubis and the ________ lie in the same vertical plane.

A

anterior superior iliac spines (ASIS)

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8
Q

Boundaries of the false pelvis

A

Posteriorly: Lumbar vertebrae
Laterally: Iliac fossae & iliacus muscles
Anteriorly: Lower part of the anterior abdominal wall

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9
Q

It forms the bony canal through which the child passes during birth

A

True pelvis

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10
Q

The true pelvis is composed of:

A
  1. Pelvic inlet (pelvic brim)
  2. Pelvic outlet
  3. Pelvic cavity
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11
Q

Boundaries of the pelvic inlet (pelvic brim)

A

Posteriorly: Sacral promontory
Laterally: Iliopectineal lines
Anteriorly: Symphysis pubis

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12
Q

Boundaries of the pelvic outlet:

A

Posteriorly: Coccyx
Laterally: Ischial tuberosities
Anteriorly: Pubic arch

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13
Q

The pubic arch lies anteriorly, between the ________.

A

ischiopubic rami

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14
Q

The sciatic notches lie laterally and are divided into the greater and lesser sciatic foramina by the:

A

sacrotuberous & sacrospinous ligaments

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15
Q

Diamond shaped (pelvic inlet or outlet?)

A

Pelvic outlet

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16
Q

Boundaries of the diamond shaped pelvic outlet

A

Anteriorly: ischiopubic rami & symphysis pubis
Posteriorly: sacrotuberous ligaments & coccyx

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17
Q

This short, curved canal, with a shallow anterior wall and a much deeper posterior wall, lies between the pubic inlet and the
pubic outlet

A

Pelvic cavity

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18
Q

It is the shallowest pelvic wall

A

Anterior pelvic wall

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19
Q

Formed by the bodies of the pubic bones, the pubic rami, and the symphysis pubis.

A

Anterior pelvic wall

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20
Q

It is formed by the sacrum and coccyx and by the piriformis muscles and their covering of parietal pelvic fascia

A

Posterior pelvic wall

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21
Q

The sacrum is composed of how many rudimentary vertebrae

A

5

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22
Q

Laterally, the sacrum articulates with the two iliac bones to form what joint?

A

Sacroiliac joint

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23
Q

The anterior and upper margins of the first sacral vertebra bulge forward to form the __________.

A

Sacral promontory

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24
Q

The sacral vertebral foramina together form the _____________.

A

Sacral canal

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25
The laminae of the fifth sacral vertebra, and sometimes those of the fourth, fail to meet in the midline, forming the __________.
Sacral hiatus
26
The sacral canal contains what structures?
1. Anterior & posterior roots of the lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal spinal nerves 2. Filum terminale 3. Fibrofatty material 4. Lower part of the subarachnoid space (down as far as the lower border of the second sacral vertebra).
27
The anterior & posterior surfaces of the sacrum possess how many pairs of anterior & posterior sacral foramina?
4 pairs
28
What passes through the anterior & posterior sacral foramina?
Anterior & posterior rami of the upper four sacral nerves
29
The sacrum is tilted forward so that it forms an angle with the fifth lumbar vertebra, called the ___________.
Lumbosacral angle
30
This muscle arises from the front of the sacrum and leaves the pelvis to enter the gluteal region by passing laterally through the greater sciatic foramen.
Piriformis muscle
31
Origin of piriformis muscle
Front of lateral mass of the sacrum
32
Insertion of piriformis muscle
Greater trochanter of the femur
33
Nerve supply of piriformis muscle
Sacral plexus
34
Action of piriformis muscle
Lateral rotator of the femur at the hip joint
35
Origin of obturator internus
Obturator membrane & adjoining part of the hip bone
36
Insertion of obturator internus
Greater trochanter of the femur
37
Nerve supply of obturator internus
Nerve to obturator internus from sacral plexus
38
Action of obturator internus
Lateral rotator of the femur at the hip joint
39
Origin of levator ani
Body of the pubis, fascia of obturator internus, and spine of ischium
40
Insertion of levator ani
Perineal body; anococcygeal body; walls of the prostate, vagina, rectum, and anal canal
41
Nerve supply of levator ani
Fourth sacral nerve, pudendal nerve
42
Action of levator ani
Supports pelvic viscera; sphincter to the anorectal junction and vagina
43
Origin of coccygeus
Spine of the ischium
44
Insertion of coccygeus
Lower end of the sacrum; coccyx
45
Nerve supply of coccygeus
4th & 5th sacral nerve
46
Action of coccygeus
Assists levator ani to support the pelvic viscera; flexes coccyx
47
It is formed by part of the hip bone below the pelvic inlet, the obturator membrane, the sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments, and the obturator internus muscle and its covering fascia.
Lateral pelvic wall
48
Superior part of the hip bone
Ilium
49
Inferior & posterior part of the hip bone
Ischium
50
Inferior & anterior part of the hip bone
Pubis
51
What cartilage joins | the three separate bones of the hip bone (os coxae) at the acetabulum?
Triradiate cartilage
52
Large notch behind the acetabulum
Greater sciatic notch
53
What separates the greater sciatic notch from the lesser sciatic notch?
Spine of the ischium
54
The sciatic notches are converted into the greater and lesser sciatic foramina by what structures?
Sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments
55
Upper flattened part of the hip bone
Ilium
56
It runs between the anterior and posterior superior iliac spines
Iliac crest
57
On the inner surface of the ilium is the large auricular surface for articulation with the ________.
sacrum
58
It runs downward and forward around the inner surface of the ilium and serves to divide the false from the true pelvis.
Iliopectineal line
59
The inferior and posterior part of the hip bone
Ischium
60
The anterior part of the hip bone
Pubis
61
Part of the pubis that bears the pubic crest and the pubic tubercle and articulates with the pubic bone of the opposite side at the symphysis pubis
Body of the pubis
62
Large opening in the lower part of the hip bone
Obturator foramen
63
It is a fibrous sheet that almost completely closes the obturator foramen
Obturator membrane
64
For the passage of the obturator nerve and vessels as they leave the pelvis to enter the thigh
Obturator canal
65
A strong ligament and extends from the lateral part of the sacrum & coccyx and the posterior inferior iliac spine to the ischial tuberosity.
Sacrotuberous ligament
66
A strong and triangle shaped ligament that is attatched by its base to the lateral part of the sacrum & coccyx and by its apex to the spine of the ischium
Sacrospinous ligament
67
Function of the sacrotuberous & sacrospinous ligaments
They prevent the lower end of the sacrum and the coccyx from being rotated upward at the sacroiliac joint by the weight of the body.
68
This muscle arises from the pelvic surface of the obturator foramen and membrane
Obturator internus
69
The muscle fibers of obturator internus converge to a tendon, which leaves the pelvis through what foramen before inserting into the greater trochanter of the femur?
Lesser sciatic foramen
70
What forms the pelvic diaphragm?
The paired levator ani and coccygeus muscles and their covering fasciae form the pelvic diaphragm
71
This muscle is a wide, thin sheet forming the larger, more anterior part of the pelvic diaphragm.
Levator ani
72
The levator ani muscle has a linear origin from the back of the body of the pubis, a __________ formed by a thickening of the fascia covering the obturator internus, and the spine of the ischium.
tendinous arch

Pelvic Walls (1 decks)

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