Pelvis Flashcards by Olivia Hutt

What is the structure at the base of the bladder called and what is it made up of?

The trigone - 2 ureters and the urethra

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Which arteries supply the bladder in males?

Superior and inferior vesical arteries

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Which arteries supply the bladder in females?

Superior vesical, uterine and vaginal arteries

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What veins drain the bladder?

Vesical plexus to internal iliac veins

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Where does lymph from the bladder, urethra and ureters drain to?

Internal iliac nodes

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Which arteries supply the rectum?

Superior, middle and inferior rectal arteries

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Which veins drain the rectum?

Superior portion drained by inferior mesenteric vein (to portal system)
Inferior portion by internal iliac vein (to systemic system)

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Lymphatic drainage of the rectum

Superior portion: pre-aortic nodes at L3 (inf. mesenteric)
Inferior portion: para-rectal nodes at internal iliac artery

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Innervation of the bladder

Inferior hypogastric plexus (ANS)

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Innervation of the rectum

Inferior hypogastric plexus

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Name of the structure covering the uterus

The broad ligament

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Blood supply to the uterus

Supplied by uterine artery from internal iliac
- anastomoses with ovarian artery

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Arterial supply of the ovaries

Ovarian artery = from aorta at L2

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Venous drainage of ovaries

Right ovarian vein to the IVC
Left ovarian vein to the left renal vein

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Innervation of the ovaries

Aortic plexus

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Arterial supply of uterine tubes

Ovarian artery

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Blood supply of distal uterus

Vaginal artery

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Blood supply of proximal vagina

Vaginal artery ( from uterine of anterior internal iliac)

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Blood supply of distal vagina

Internal pudendal artery

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Blood supply of perineum (female)

Internal pudendal artery

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Which structure runs under the uterine artery, like water under a bridge?

The ureter

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Lymphatic drainage of the ovaries, uterine tubes and fundus of uterus

Aortic nodes at root of ovarian artery, L2

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Lymphatic drainage of the cervix and distal uterus

Internal iliac nodes

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Lymphatic drainage of body of uterus

Internal iliac nodes

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Which structure passes over the bifurcation of the common iliac vessels?

Ureter

In males, which structure passes over the external iliac vessels?

Vas deferens

Arterial supply of distal vas deferens and seminal vesicles

Inferior vesical artery

Arterial supply of prostate

Prostatic arteries

Venous drainage of prostate

Prostatic venous plexus drains to internal iliac veins

Lymphatic drainage of male pelvic organs

Mainly to internal iliac nodes Testis to aortic nodes at root of testicular artery (L2)

Sacral plexus nerve roots

S1-4

Lumbosacral trunk roots

L4+5

Roots of the sciatic nerve

L4-S3

Sciatic nerve location

Lateral internal wall of pelvis, forms on anterior surface of piriformis muscle

Superior gluteal nerve roots

L4-S1

Inferior gluteal nerve roots

L5-S2

Nerves passing below and above piriformis

Inferior and superior gluteal nerves

What does the superior gluteal nerve innervate?

Gluteus medius and minimus muscles

What does the inferior gluteal nerve innervate?

Gluteus maximum muscle

Roots of nerve to obturator internus

L5-S1

What other muscle might nerve to obturator internus supply?

Superior gemellus muscle

Roots of nerve to piriformis

S1-2

Nerve to levator ani roots

S4 + pudendal nerve

Nerve to coccygeus roots

S4+5

Pudendal nerve roots

S2-4

What does the pudendal nerve supply?

Levator ani, bulbospongiosus and ischiocavernous muscles, external anal and urethral sphincters

Which nerve passes through both sciatic foramens?

Pudendal nerve

Which nerve wraps around the ischial spine?

Pudendal nerve

Ischioanal fossa contents

Branches of pudendal nerve, artery and vein

Innervation of the external anal sphincter

Inferior rectal branch of pudendal nerve (S2-4)

Arterial supply of the wall of the anal canal

Inferior and superior rectal artery (as they terminate)

What is the space between the layers of the urogenital membrane called?

Deep perineal pouch

Space between the superficial fascia of the urogenital diaphragm and the skin

Superficial perineal pouch

Nerve supply of the ischiocavernous muscle

Perineal branches of the pudendal nerve

Nerve supply of the bulbospongiosus muscle

Perineal branches of the pudendal nerve

Blood supply to the clitoris

Branches of internal pudendal artery

Innervation of the clitoris

Dorsal nerve of clitoris from pudendal nerve

Innervation of the penis

Dorsal nerve of penis from perineal branch of pudendal nerve

Innervation of iliacus muscle

Femoral nerve (L2-4)

Innervation of Psoas muscle

Anterior rami of L2-4 from lumbar plexus

Innervation of obturator internus

Nerve to obturator internus (L5,S1)

Action of iliacus

Hip flexion

Action of Psoas

Hip flexion

Action of obturator internus

Lateral rotation of hip

Where does the tendon of obturator internus pass through?

Lesser sciatic notch

Innervation of coccygeus

Direct branches from sacral plexus (S4,5)

Innervation of levator ani

Pudendal nerve (S2-4) + nerve to levator ani (S4)

Action of coccygeus

Supports pelvic viscera

Action of pubococcygeus

Supports vagina/prostate

Action of puborectalis

Maintains faecal continence

Action of iliococcygeus

Supports pelvic viscera

Where does the rectum begin?

Where the colon crosses the 3rd sacral vertebrae to the tip of the coccyx

What is the dilation near the termination of the rectum called?

The rectal ampulla

3 sections of the broad ligament

1. Mesovarium 2. Mesosalpinx 3. Mesometrium

Mesovarium function

Holds ovaries to posterior wall

Mesosalpinx function

Supports the uterine tubes, lies between the tubes and the ovaries

Mesometrium function

Associated with the body of the uterus

Name structure A

Posterior fornix (lateral fornix)

Name structure A

Anterior fornix (lateral fornix)

Name structure A

Ampulla

Name structure A

Isthmus

Name structure A

Infundibulum

Name structure A

Fundus of uterus

What are the finger-like projections on the end of the uterine tube called?

Fimbriae

Which ligament carries the ovarian artery and vein?

The suspensory ligament of the ovary

Lymphatic drainage of the testis

Aortic nodes at root of testicular artery (L2)

Name structure A

Vas deferens

Name structure A

Seminal vesicle

What are the spaces either side of the rectum called?

Ischioanal fossa

What does the pectinate line indicate?

Separation of visceral and parietal

Name of layer of fascia below fat, superior to the labia/scrotum?

Scarpa’s fascia

Name of layer of fascia below fat, in/below the labia/scrotum?

Colles fascia

Ligament of the ovary location

Runs between ovaries and uterus

Name structure A

Mesometrium

Name structure A

Mesosalpinx

Name structure A

Round ligament of uterus

Name structure A

Mesovarium

Name structure A

Round ligament of uterus

Name of the pouch located between the bladder and rectum in males?

Vesicorectal pouch

Name of the pouch located between the rectum and the uterus?

Rectouterine pouch

Name of the pouch located between the uterus and the bladder?

Vesicouterine pouch

What does the ischiocavernous muscle overlie?

The crura

What does the bulbospongiosus muscle overlie?

The bulb of the penis/vestibule

Name structure A

Ischiocavernous muscle

Name structure A

Bulbospongiosus muscle

Name structure A

Prostate

Name structure A

Crura

Name structure A

Bulb of vestibule

Name structure A

Bulb of penis

What does the crura form in males?

Corpus cavernosus

What does the bulb form in males?

Corpus spongiosum

Name structure A

Genitofemoral nerve roots

L1+2

Lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh roots

L2+3

Name structure A

Sciatic nerve

Name structure A

Lumbosacral trunk

Name structure A

Superior gluteal nerve and vessels

Name structure A

Inferior gluteal nerve and vessels

Name structure A

Posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh

Name structure A

Obturator nerve (L2,3,4)

Name structure A

Superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1)

Name structure A

Inferior gluteal nerve (L5-S2)

Name structure A

Pudendal nerve (S2-4)

At what level does the aorta divide into the common iliac arteries?

Name muscle A

Iliacus

Name muscle A

Psoas

Name muscle A

Piriformis

Name muscle A

Obturator internus

Name muscle A

Coccygeus (lies next to piriformis, close to sacrum)

Name muscle A

Iliococcygeus (lateral to pubococcygeus, in between sacrum and pubic bone)

Location of pubococcygeus

Most medial, lies closest to pubic bone + attaches

Obturator nerve roots

L2-4

Parasympathetic Innervation of pelvic viscera

Pelvic splanchnic nerves

Pelvis Flashcards

(133 cards)