Pelvis Anatomy Flashcards
(25 cards)
What does ‘fossa’ mean?
Dips/curves
‘Fossa’ is a term used in anatomy to describe a depression or hollow in a bone.
What are the bones that make up the pelvis?
2 hip bones, sacrum, coccyx
The hip bones are also referred to as innominate bones, which are formed from the fusion of ilium, ischium, and pubis.
What is the function of the pelvis?
Support weight of the body, attachment points for movement, supports organs
The pelvis plays a crucial role in the structural integrity of the body and organ support.
What are the main joints and ligaments associated with the pelvis?
Sacroiliac joints, lumbosacral joint, inguinal ligament, acetabulum, obturator membrane, pubic symphysis
These joints and ligaments contribute to pelvic stability and movement.
What is the significance of the muscles in relation to tumors?
Surgery is more effective in muscles as they do not respond well to radiotherapy
This means that higher doses of radiotherapy could affect surrounding organs adversely.
How does the female pelvis differ from the male pelvis?
Wider, larger, u-shaped pubic arch, natural tilt
These anatomical differences are important for childbirth.
What are the characteristics of the male pelvis?
Narrow, smaller opening, v-shaped pubic arch
These characteristics contribute to differences in body structure between males and females.
What is the function of the urinary bladder?
Stores urine
The urinary bladder is a muscular sac that allows for the temporary storage of urine.
Which kidney sits higher in the body?
Left kidney
The left kidney is positioned slightly higher than the right due to the liver’s placement on the right side.
What is TCC in the context of bladder health?
Transitional cell carcinoma, a common bladder cancer type
TCC affects the inner lining of the bladder, known as the transitional epithelium.
Describe the sigmoid colon.
Curved S-shape, allows further water absorption, connects descending colon with rectum
The sigmoid colon plays a vital role in the digestive process.
What is the length of the rectum?
8-15 cm
The rectum is the final section of the large intestine, leading to the anus. Used for storage, further absorption and solidification.
What is the function of the anus?
Control of excretion
The anus consists of sphincter muscles that regulate the passage of feces.
What does the abdominal aorta do?
Maintains consistent pressure, bifurcates at around L4
The abdominal aorta is the main blood vessel supplying oxygenated blood to the abdomen and lower body.
What are the components of the female reproductive system?
Ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, vagina
Each component has specific functions related to reproduction and hormonal regulation.
What are the three main components of an ovary?
Surface, cortex, medulla
These components are involved in oocyte production and hormone secretion.
What are the layers of the uterus?
Perimetrium, myometrium, endometrium
Each layer has distinct functions, including protection and contraction during childbirth.
3 Main Sections of Uterus
- Fundus
- Corpus
- Isthmus
- upper/widest part 2. Main Body 3. Narrow part
What is the function of the cervix?
Protection and passage for fluid, e.g., sperm
The cervix plays a crucial role in the reproductive system, facilitating the passage of sperm into the uterus.
3 Main Sections of Cervix
Endocervix
Squamocolumnar junction
Ectocervix
How long is the vagina?
Approximately 9 cm
The vagina is a muscular tube that serves multiple functions, including menstruation and childbirth.
What is the function of the labia?
Protects the openings of the vagina and urethra
The labia are part of the vulva, contributing to sexual health and protection.
Cells in the Vagina
Stratified Squamous Epithelium
Elastic Lamina Propria
Fibromuscular Layer
Adventitia
What are the components of the male reproductive system?
Gonad - Testis
Genital ducts - epididymis, vas deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra
Accessory glands - Bulbourethral Gland, Seminal Vesicles, Prostate
External Organs - Scrotum, Penis
These components are essential for the production and transport of sperm.
