Pelvis and female reproductive anatomy

Question 1

what 3 bones make up the bony pelvis

Answer 1

ischium
ilium
pubis

Question 2

which of the 3 bones of the pelvis is posterior

Answer 2

ischium

Question 3

which 2 bones of the bony pelvis meet at the acetabulum

Answer 3

ilium
pubis

Question 4

the 3 bones that make up the bony pelvis are posteriorly bordered by

Answer 4

sacrum
coccyx

Question 5

the lesser pelvis is also called the

Answer 5

true pelvis

Question 6

the greater pelvis is also called the

Answer 6

false pelvis

Question 7

the lesser pelvis houses what organs

Answer 7

reproductive organs

Question 8

the greater pelvis houses what organs

Answer 8

abdominal organs

Question 9

the greater/false pelvis is a continuation of what cavity

Answer 9

abdominal cavity

Question 10

the false pelvis contains portions of the

Answer 10

colon
small intestine

Question 11

what structures travel through the greater/false pelvis before entering the true pelvis

Answer 11

ureters
blood vessels

Question 12

the true/lesser pelvis is separated from the false pelvis by the

Answer 12

pelvic inlet

Question 13

the pelvic inlet is also called

Answer 13

the pelvic brim

Question 14

what does the true/lesser pelvis contain

Answer 14

urinary bladder
distal colon
majority of reproductive organs

Question 15

between the false and true pelvis, which has a high concentration of important organs and vessels

Answer 15

true pelvis

Question 16

anterior border of the pelvic inlet

Answer 16

pubic symphysis

Question 17

lateral border of the pelvic inlet

Answer 17

arcuate line of ilium and pectinate line of pubis

Question 18

posterior border of the pelvic inlet

Answer 18

sacral promontory and ala

Question 19

sacrospinous ligament

Answer 19

ischial spine –> sacrum/coccyx

Question 20

sacrotuberous ligament

Answer 20

ischial tuberosity –> sacrum

Question 21

3 sacroiliac ligaments

Answer 21

anterior
posterior
interosseous

Question 22

which sacroiliac ligament provides structure for SI joint

Answer 22

interosseous sacroiliac ligament

Question 23

pubic arch in male

Answer 23

generally < 70 degrees

Question 24

is the pelvic inlet more or less narrow in a male

Answer 24

pelvic inlet is more narrow in a male

Question 25

does a male or female pelvic bone have increased density and thickness

Answer 25

male pelvic bone has increased bone density and thickness

Question 26

does a male or female pelvic have a more pronounced ischial spine

Answer 26

male pelvic has a more pronounced ischial spine

Question 27

is the coccyx fixed in a male or female pelvis

Answer 27

coccyx is fixed in a male pelvis

Question 28

pubic arch in female

Answer 28

generally > 80 degrees

Question 29

is the pelvic inlet wider or narrower in a female pelvis

Answer 29

pelvic inlet is wider in a female pelvis

Question 30

coccyx becomes more flexible due to what hormone

Answer 30

relaxin

Question 31

components of the female reproductive tract

Answer 31

external structure/vulva vagina cervix uterus fallopian/uterine tubes ovaries

Question 32

which structures make up the external structure/vulva

Answer 32

mons pubis glands labia clitoris vestibule

Question 33

which structure in the external female structure provides pelvic shock absorption

Answer 33

mons pubis

Question 34

glands in external female reproductive structure

Answer 34

paraurethral (both sides of urethra) greater vestibular

Question 35

what structure of the external female reproductive structure allows for closure of vaginal orifice

Answer 35

labia

Question 36

which structure in females is the pleasure center and signals the arousal cascade

Answer 36

clitoris

Question 37

which structure in females contains the opening of the vagina proper

Answer 37

vestibule

Question 38

homologous structure for clitoris

Answer 38

glans penis

Question 39

homologous structure for prepuce

Answer 39

prepuce

Question 40

homologous structure for body of penis

Answer 40

body of clitoris

Question 41

homologous structure for labia majora

Answer 41

scrotum

Question 42

homologous structure for raphe of penis

Answer 42

labia minora

Question 43

what gland is swollen in bartholin cyst/abscess

Answer 43

greater vestibular gland

Question 44

what percent of female population is affected by bartholin cysts/abscesses

Answer 44

~2%

Question 45

when are bartholin cysts/abscesses more common

Answer 45

child-bearing years

Question 46

Jacobi ring is used for

Answer 46

bartholin cysts/abscess

Question 47

elastic muscular tube extending from cervix to vestibule

Answer 47

vagina

Question 48

functions of vagina

Answer 48

intercourse reproduction processes labor

Question 49

blood supply of vagina

Answer 49

vaginal branches of uterine artery

Question 50

what type of cells are common in vagina

Answer 50

squamous epithelium glandular cells

Question 51

what do glandular cells do in vagina

Answer 51

release mucus

Question 52

what bacteria predominates in vagina

Answer 52

lactobacillus

Question 53

average pH in vagina

Answer 53

4.0-4.5

Question 54

how is the vagina naturally hostile to pathogens

Answer 54

pH innate leukocytes

Question 55

thick muscular transition point between vagina and uterus

Answer 55

cervix

Question 56

what structure in a female is termed the "gatekeeper"

Answer 56

cervix

Question 57

what structure in a female maintains sterility of the uterus and upper reproductive tract

Answer 57

cervix

Question 58

where do Fallopian tubes open

Answer 58

into abdominal cavity

Question 59

when does the cervix open slightly

Answer 59

during menstruation

Question 60

why do we have increased risk of PID with exposure to pathogen during menstruation

Answer 60

cervix opens slightly

Question 61

what shape is the uterus

Answer 61

pear shaped

Question 62

where is the uterus found in relation to the cervix

Answer 62

found above the cervix

Question 63

what does the uterus protrude into

Answer 63

the abdominal cavity of the pelvic bowl

Question 64

function of the uterus

Answer 64

gestation

Question 65

important ligaments in uterus

Answer 65

broad round ovarian uterosacral

Question 66

what 2 layers make up the endometrium

Answer 66

basal layer functional layer

Question 67

which layer in the endometrium never sheds

Answer 67

basal layer

Question 68

which layer in the endometrium is adjacent to the myometrium

Answer 68

basal layer

Question 69

which layer in the endometrium sheds during menstrual cycle

Answer 69

functional layer

Question 70

which layer in the endometrium contains majority of endometrial glands

Answer 70

functional layer

Question 71

primary blood supply to the uterus

Answer 71

uterine artery

Question 72

where does the uterine artery come from

Answer 72

internal iliac

Question 73

secondary source of blood supply to the uterus

Answer 73

ovarian artery

Question 74

where does the ovarian artery come from

Answer 74

abdominal aorta

Question 75

How does blood supply travel for the endometrium

Answer 75

uterine artery --> arcuate artery --> radial artery --> basal artery --> spiral artery

Question 76

which artery supplies the basal layer

Answer 76

basal artery

Question 77

which artery supplies the functional layer

Answer 77

spiral artery

Question 78

continuation of the uterus

Answer 78

fallopian (uterine) tubes

Question 79

function of fallopian tubes

Answer 79

draws ovum/zygote into uterus, site of fertilization

Question 80

what is the main location of fertilization

Answer 80

ampulla

Question 81

what type of epithelia in the fallopian tubes

Answer 81

unique ciliated columnar epithelia

Question 82

what muscles do peristalsis in fallopian tubes

Answer 82

smooth muscle peristalsis

Question 83

blood supply to fallopian tubes

Answer 83

ovarian artery

Question 84

small paired organ found in the ABDOMINAL CAVITY

Answer 84

ovaries

Question 85

function of the ovaries

Answer 85

ova/hormone production (estrogen and progesterone)

Question 86

blood supply to the ovaries

Answer 86

ovarian artery/vein

Question 87

ligaments in the ovaries

Answer 87

ovarian suspensory broad

Question 88

layers of the ovary

Answer 88

tunica albuginea > cuboid epithelium > cortex > medulla

Question 89

common culprit of ovarian torsion

Answer 89

large cysts

Question 90

contains simple set of unpaired chromosomes

Answer 90

haploid

Question 91

contains full complement of paired chromosomes

Answer 91

diploid

Question 92

is a gamete haploid or diploid

Answer 92

haploid

Question 93

how many somatic chromosomes in gamete

Answer 93

22

Question 94

how many sex chromosomes in gamete

Answer 94

1

Question 95

X and Y in spermatozoa

Answer 95

50% x 50% y

Question 96

X and Y in ovum

Answer 96

100% x

Question 97

combination of gametes to form zygote

Answer 97

fertilization

Question 98

what is the product of fertilization

Answer 98

zygote

Question 99

how many chromosomes in zygote

Answer 99

46

Question 100

determined by sex chromosome composition (XX/XY)

Answer 100

genotypic sex

Question 101

change that sperm undergo in the reproductive tract that allow them to penetrate and fertilize an ovum

Answer 101

capacitation