Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Ax Midterm > Pelvis and sacrum > Flashcards

Pelvis and sacrum Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three types of nociceptive pain?

A

Mechanical: joint capsule stretch, bony impingement
Inflammatory: chemically caused. May present with swelling, redness, heat
Ischemic: tendinopathy, due to lack of tissue perfusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is central sensitization?

A

pathophysiological process in which the CNS undergoes changes that alter its processing of pain and other sensory stimuli
CNS undergoes structural, functional and chemical changes to make it more sensitive to pain and other sensory stimuli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

SIJ pain is common in which populations?

A

people who participate in lifting and twisting activities
Sports with repetitive unilateral loads and unidirectional pelvic shear and/or torsional forces
Pregnancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the SIJ pathology pain regions?

A

Buttock
Thigh
Groin
Back
Knee

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the differential diagnoses of SIJ pathology?

A

Precise SIJ pain
Symptoms radiate into thigh, buttocks, and groin
No neurological deficits reported
Pain with transitional movements
Pregnancy related S/S

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Is the sacrum usually the issue?

A

no usually the ilium or lumbar spine are the issue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is dyspareunia?

A

Pain with penetration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is pelvic girdle pain?

A

More notably in pregnancy
Often names/conditions: SIJ pain dysfunction, sacral/gluteal pain, pubic symphysis, etc…

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is endometriosis?

A

When tissue similar to lining of uterus implants abnormally outside of uterus to form lesions, cysts, nodules and other growths. Can be found on any pelvic organ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are some GI symptoms of endometriosis?

A

Constipation, diarrhea or cycling between the two, abdominal bloating, nausea/vomiting, painful bowel movements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is diastasis recti?

A

Increased distance between RA muscle bellies due to a stretch of linea alba

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the tests to diagnose SIJ Pain?

A

Patrick’s (FABERS)
Posterior Shear
Sacral compression
Active SLR
Sacral thrust tests
Patient is diagnosed with SIJ pain if 3/5 are positive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the posterior shear test?

A

Supine, knee flexed, hip flexed at 90
Place hand under sacrum
Create an axial load through femur
+ve: pain provoked in posterior aspect of SIJ below L5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the sacral compression test?

A

Side lying
examiner places a downward pressure on the ilium
+ve: increased feeling of pressure in SIJ and or pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the active SLR?

A

Supine do an active SLR if painful AT applies pressure on both sides of pelvis.
+ve: if pain decreases or it is easier to do

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the sacral thrust?

A

Prone
AT places base of palm on the apex of patients sacrum
Pressure applied, causing a shearing force at sacrum and ilium
+ve= pain at SIJ

17
Q

What is Gaenslen’s Test?

A

Pt lies on side with upper leg being the test leg
Pt hold the lower leg flexed against chest
Examiner adds some downward pressure on test leg
+ve: pain at SIJ or low back during testing

18
Q

What are tests that indicate SIJ movement dysfunctions?

A

Sacral sulcus
Sitting flexion
Long sitting
Gillet
Standing flexion
Palpation

19
Q

What is the sacral sulcus test?

A

Laying prone
palpate sacral sulcus and inferior angle of sacrum on each side
look for symmetry

20
Q

What is the gillet test?

A

Patient standing with examiner palpating PSIS and S2
Ask patient to flex hip to 90 degrees
Examiner should see PSIS on same side drop
Hypomobility= thumb moves cranially or doesn’t drop

21
Q

What is the standing forward flexion test?

A

Palpate both PSIS
Ask patient to bend forward from standing position
-ve: if both PSIS move equally and symmetrically
+ve: if one PSIS moves cranially more than the other

22
Q

What is the sitting flexion test?

A

Patient seated with hips and knees at 90degrees
examiner palpates PSIS
Pt instructed to bend forward with arms between knees
+ve: side that PSIS continues to move cranially is restricted

23
Q

What is the long sitting test?

A

Pt supine
ask pt to bridge then drop
Passively extend legs
place hands under medial malleolus, look for symmetry
Ask pt to sit up, and see if position of the medial malleolus changed or remained the same
+ve: if one medial malleolus moved differently relative to the other

24
Q

What is Gossip’s test?

A

Global test for SIJ movement
Pt standing
Examiner palpates bilat PSIS
Ask patient to bend one leg (when knee drops, hip flexes and L/S side bends at L5)
+ve: decreased inferior movement of PSIS

25
Q

What is the Flamingo test?

A

Pt is asked to stand on one leg
weight of trunk causes the sacrum to shift forward and distally with forward rotation (ilium moves in opposite direction)
Pain at pubic symphysis or SIJ indicates lesion

26
Q

What is the Gapping test?

A

Pt supine
Examiners hands are crossed and applying pressure outward and down on ASIS
+ve: pain in SIJ or down posterior aspect of leg

27
Q

What is the thoracolumbar fascia length test?

A

Pt sits on table with knees bent to 90 and neutral spine
Examiner stands behind patient and asks pt to rotate left and right fully (note ROM)
Pt is then asked to forward flex the arms to 90 and laterally rotate and adduct the arms so the little fingers touch and palms face up
Ask to rotate again==> positive if ROM decreases

28
Q

What would be your findings with a right anterior rotation of the ilium?

A

SFFT+ gillet: +ve Right
ASIS: inferior R
PSIS: superior R

29
Q

What would be your findings with a left posterior rotation?

A

SFFT + gillets: +ve left
ASIS: Superior L
PSIS: inferior L

30
Q

What would be your findings with a right upslip?

A

SFFT+ gillet: +ve right
ASIS: Superior R
PSIS: Superior R
Medial malleolus: short R
Sacrotuberous ligament: Lax R

31
Q

When would the sacral hemibases even out in sphynx?

A

when it is a physiological torsion

32
Q

When would the sacral hemibases even out in child’s pose?

A

when it is a non-physiological torsion

33
Q

What happens to the sacrum when the lumbar spine goes into flexion?

A

it counternutates

34
Q

What happens to the sacrum when the lumbar spine is extended?

A

it nutates

35
Q

What happens to the sacrum when the lumbar spine rotates Left?

A

it rotates Right

35
Q

What happens to the sacrum when the lumbar spine rotates Right?

A

it rotates left

36
Q

What happens to the ILA in unilateral nutated sacrums?

A

Either anterior or posterior ILA is never symmetric in either forward flexion or extension

Ax Midterm (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions