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Penicillins Flashcards

(23 cards)

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1
Q

What is the MOA of Penicillins?

A

Beta lactam ring will inhibit the last step of bacteria’s cell wall synthesis & will also destroy existing cell wall by bacterial autolysins

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2
Q

Bacteria must have _________ to be susceptible to PCNs.

A

Peptidoglycan cell walls

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3
Q

PCNs and ________ have synergistic effects when used to together.

A

Aminglycosides (PCNs break down cell wall for easy entry of ahminoglycosides)

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4
Q

PCNs are the drug that’s most commonly associated with what adverse reaction?

A

Hypersensitivity (from rash to anaphylaxis)

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5
Q

What adverse reaction to the kidneys can PCNs have?

A

Acute interstitial nephritis

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6
Q

What are hematologic adverse effects PCNs can have?

A

Neutropenia & thrombocytopenia

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7
Q

What are 2 other adverse effects PCNs can have?

A

Seizures at higher doses and diarrhea

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8
Q

What are the natural PCNs made from?

A

Mold

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9
Q

What are indications for the natural PCNs?

A

Group A & B strep infections, dental infections, Syphilis

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10
Q

What are the PCNs indicated for staphylococcal skin/soft tissue infections?

A

Anti-staph PCNs are Oxacillin, Dicloxacillin, Nafcillin, Methicillin

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11
Q

The anti-staph PCNs are not active against what?

A

MRSA, enterococcus, or gram negatives

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12
Q

What are the 2 aminopenicillins?

A

Amoxicillin & Ampicillin

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13
Q

Aminopenicillins are known to be active against what 2 specific kinds of infections?

A

Enterococcus & listeria monocytogenes

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14
Q

Amoxicillin is the drug of choice for what 2 conditions?

A

Infectious endocarditis prophylaxis & acute otitis media

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15
Q

What are the 2 names of AminoPCNs combined with beta-lactamas inhibitors?

A

Augmentin & Unasyn

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16
Q

What is Augmentin made of?

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A

Amoxicillin + Clavulanate

17
Q

What is Unasyn made of?

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A

Ampicillin + Sulbactam

18
Q

What are the 3 main areas of coverage for Augmentin & Unasyn?

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A

Gram +, B-lactamase gram -, Anaerobes

19
Q

What are some indications of Augmentin?

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A

AOM, sinusitis, Chronic bronchitis caused by bacteria, Dental infections, Bite wounds

20
Q

What are some indications of Unasyn?

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A

Skin/soft tissue infections, peritonitis

21
Q

What are 2 Antipseudomonal Penicillins?

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A

Zoysn IV and Timentin IV

22
Q

What is Zosyn made of?

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A

Piperacaillin + Tazobactam

23
Q

Why is Zosyvn reserved for severe infections or pseudomonas?

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A

It’s the broadest spectrum PCNs

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