Penicillins Flashcards by Alexios Sarkisian

What group do these belong to?
Cefazolin
Cephalexin
Cefotetan
Cefoxitin
Cefprozil
Cefalcor
Cefuroxime
Ceftriaxone
Cefotaxime
Ceftazidime
Cefdinir
Cefpodoxime
Cefixime
Cefixime + azithromycin
Cefepime
Ceftaroline

Cephalosporins

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What group do these belong to?
Impinem
Meroponem
Doripenem

Carbapanems

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What group does this belong to?

Aztreonam

Monobactam

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What group do these belong to?
Clavulanic acid
Sulbactam
Tazobactam

β-Lactamase Inhibitors

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Which category (MOA) of antibiotics do they belong?
Vancomycin
Daptomycin
Televancin
Fosfomycin

Antibiotics (cell wall synthesis inhibitors)

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What group do these belong to?
Penicillins
Cephalosporins
Carbapenems
Monobactams
β-Lactamase Inhibitors
Vancomycin
Daptomycin
Televancin
Fosfomycin

Cell wall synthesis inhibitors

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What group do these belong to?
Tetracyclines
Aminoglycosides
Macrolides & ketolides
Clindamycin
Chloramphenicol
Quinupristin/danupristin
Linezolid

Protein synthesis inhibitors

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Which ribosomal subunit do these affect?
Doxocycline
Tetracycline
Minocycline
Demeclocycline
Tigecycline

30S

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Which ribosomal subunit do tetracyclines affect?

30S

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Which ribosomal subunit do these affect?
Gentamycin
Neomycin
Streptomycin
Tobramycin
Amikacin
Spectinomycin

30S

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What ribosomal subunit do aminoglycosides affect?

30S

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Which ribosomal subunit do these affect?
Tetracyclines
Aminoglycosides

30S

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Which ribosomal subunit do these affect?
Macrolides
Ketolides

50S

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Which ribosomal subunit do these affect?
Azithromycin
Clarithromycin
Erythromycin
Telithromycin

50S

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Which ribosomal subunit do these affect?
Clindamycin
Chloramphenicol
Quinupristin/dalfopristin
Linezolid

50S

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What group do these belong to?
Azithromycin
Clarithromycin
Erythromycin
Telithromycin

Macrolides & ketolides

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What group do these belong to?
Gentamycin
Neomycin
Streptomycin
Tobramycin
Amikacin
Spectinomycin

Aminoglycosides

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What group do these belong to?
Norfloxacin
Ciprofloxacin
Levofloxacin
Moxifloxacin

Fluoroquinolones

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What group do these belong to?
Silver sulfadiazine
Sulfacetamide
Sulfamethoxazole
Sulfasalazine
Trimethoprim

Antifolates

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What group do these belong to?
Methenamine
Nitrofurantoin

Urinary tract antiseptics

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What group do these belong to?
Isoniazid
Rifampin
Ethambutol
Pyrazinamide
Rifabutin

Antimycobacterials

For tuberculosis

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What are these drugs for?
Azithromycin
Rifabutin

Mycobacterium avium intracellulare

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What group do these belong to?
Dapsone
Rifampin
Clofazimine
Thalidomide

Antimycobacterials for leprosy

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What group do these belong to?

Azole derivatives

Antifungals

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``` What group do these belong to? Clotrimazole Fluconazole Itraconazole Ketoconazole Posaconazole Voriconazole ```

Azoles

``` What group do these belong to? Amphotericin B Terbinafine Flucytosine Griseofulvin Nystatin ```

Antifungals

What group do these belong to? Clotrimazole Ketoconazole

Imidazoles

``` What group do these belong to? Fluconazole Itraconazole Posaconazole Voriconazole ```

Triazoles

What group do these belong to? Amantadine Ribavirin

Respiratory antivirals

What group do these belong to? Interferons Lamivudine

Hepatic antivirals

``` What group do these belong to? Acyclovir Valacyclovir Cidofovir Foscarnet Ganciclovir Trifluridine ```

Herpes & cytomegalovirus

``` What group do these belong to? Zidovudine Didanosine Lamivudine Emtricitabine ```

NRTIs (nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors)

What group does Efavirenz belong to?

NNRTIs

``` What group do these belong to? Ritonavir Indinavir Nelfinavir Fosamprenavir Amprenavir Atazanavir Durunavir ```

PIs (protease inhibitors)

What group do these belong to? Abacavir Zalcitabine

HIV antivirals

``` What infectious agent are these caused by Amebiasis Malaria Trypanosomiasis Toxoplasmosis Giardiasis ```

Parasitic infections

``` What group do these belong to? Metronidazole Tinidazole Iodoquinol Paromomycin Diloxane furoate Chloroquine Dihydroemetine ```

Amebiasis

``` What group do these belong to? Chloroquine Mefloquine Primaquine Pyrimethamine Quinine/quinidine Artesunate Proguanil Halofantrine ```

Malaria

``` What group do these belong to? Melarsoprol Nifurtimox Pentamidine Suramin ```

Trypanosomiasis

What are these used for? Metronidazole Tinidazole

Giardiasis

What is pyrimethamine used for?

Toxoplasmosis

What drugs are used for Gonorrhea?

Ceftriaxone Cefixime Spectinomycin Azithromycin

What drugs are used against Treponema Pallidum?

Penicillin G & V

What group is contraindicated in pts allergic to penicillins?

Cephalosporins (and maybe carbapenems)

Drugs used for empiric treatment?

Carbapenems, aztreonam

Drugs used for meningitis (penicillin-resistant pneumococci)?

Ceftriaxone & cefatoxime

Drugs for gram + diphtheroids?

Ampicillin

Drugs for endocarditis?

Amoxicillin + clavulanate (dental pts) Vancomycin (penicillin allergy lower abd. surgeries) Daptomycin (right-sided) Clindamycin (valvular & penicillin allergy)

What drug is used for bacillary dysentery and can cause Gray Baby syndrome?

Chloramphenicol

Drugs for chlamydia?

``` Norfloxacin Ciprofloxacin Doxocycline Azithromycin Clarithromycin Erythromycin Chloramphenicol Sulfonamides ```

Preferred initial drugs of community-acquired pneumonia?

Macrolides Doxocycline Quinolones (Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin)

Most nephrotoxic aminoglycosides?

Gentamicin & tobramycin

Serum indications of nephrotoxicity?

Increased blood creatinine

Drugs for toxoplasmosis?

Trimethoprim + sulfamethoxazole | Pyrimethamine + sulfadiazine

Drug used in Traveler's diarrhea?

Ofloxacin (ciprofloxacin)

Drugs for diarrhea?

Ofloxacins (norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin)

Most common adverse effect of sulfonamides?

Skin rash from hypersensitivity

Drug combination for nocardiosis & pneumocystis jirovecii?

1. Trimethoprim - sulfamethoxazole | 2. Sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine

Drugs for Candida albicans?

Amphotericin B Fluconazole Flucytosine

Whats important to remember when administering Amphotericin B?

Pre-medication with corticoids, analgesics/antipyretics or antihistamines to prevent adverse reactions.

Drugs for Coccidiodes immitis?

Fluconazole Itraconazole Amphotericin B

Drugs that can cause acute pancreatitis?

Didanosine Tigecycline Pentamidine (acute?)

Drugs for CMV ( cytomegalovirus) retinitis?

Cidofovir Foscarnet Ganciclovir

Drugs against genital herpes (HSV-2)?

Acyclovir & valacyclovir

Drugs against keratoconjunctivitis by HSV 1 & 2?

Trifluridine

Drugs for Chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum?

Mefloquine Doxycycline Proguanil + Atovaquone Artemisinin

Drugs for malaria by P. vivax?

Chloroquine | Primaquine

1. Drugs for symptomatic amebic colitis/dysentery (inflammation)? 2. Drugs for asymptomatic luminal infection?

1. Metronidazole + luminal amebicide 2. Diloxanide furoate Iodoquinol Paramomycin

Severe extraintestinal disease is the same as? | What drugs can be used in this case?

Hepatic abscess | Metronidazole & tinidazole

Agents used for giardiasis?

Tinidazole | Metronidazole

Drugs for African trypanosomiasis?

Pentamidine (1st stage) Suramin (1st stage) Melarsoprol (2nd)

Drugs for P. aeruginosa?

``` Ceftazidime & cefepime Carbapenems Aztreonam Tobramycin Ciprofloxaxin Piparcillin & ticarcillin ```

Drugs for Klebsiella?

``` Aminoglycosides Tetracycline Sulfonamides Rifampin Quinolones Piperacillin ```

Drugs discoloring teeth and stopping bone growth in children?

Tetracyclines | Tigecycline (minocycline derivative)

Are tetracyclines bacteriostatic/bactericidal?

Bacteriostatic

Are cephalosporins bacteriostatic/bactericidal?

Bactericidal

Drugs that are toxic to/suppress the bone marrow?

Chloramphenicol Flucytosine Interferons Zidovudine

Drugs for mycoplasma pneumonia?

Azithromycin Erythromycin Clarithromycin Doxycycline

Drugs used in urinary tract infections?

``` Nalidixic acid Norfloxacin & ciprofloxacin Sulfonamides Trimethoprim Methenamine & Nitrofurantoin ```

Drugs used for trichomoniasis?

Metronidazole & tinidazole

Drugs for pseudomembranous colitis (C. difficile)?

Metronidazole Tinidazole Vancomycin

Drugs for systemic mycosis?

``` Amphotericin B. Fluconazole Itraconazole Voriconazole Caspofungin ```

Drug of choice for Legionella pneumonia?

Macrolides | Florquinolones

Penicillins Flashcards

(83 cards)