People Flashcards
To pass test (24 cards)
Nicolaus Copernicus
- published “on the revolution of the heavenly bodies
- learned that planets revolve are the sun
Kelper law
Planets revolve in ellipses rather that a circle
Galileo discovers
BUILDS FRIST TELESCOPE
- published “starry messenger”
- sun has dark spots
- jupter has 4 moons at the time
Galileos conflict with church
- the church feared him bc what he throught went against the church teachings
- church told him to quit
- published “Dialogue concerning the two chief world system
- had to go on trial at Inquisition
- he was to tell everyone he was wrong
- lived under house arrest
- took back what he sai
Scientific method
Made by Francis Bacon
Step to solve issues
Francis bacon
Made the scientific method
Developed empiricism
- empiricism is to draw conclusion from experiments and NOT theroys
Rene Descartes
French mathematics
-learned from logic and math
- DOUBTS EVERYTHING TILL PROVING WRONG
“- I think, therefore I am”
Newton
English scienist
-brought old astronomers and physicits under one law
Newton’s law of gravity
Every object r affected equally by gavity
- every object attracts another
- gravity controls planets
- DEISM- God created the universe and then just let it go naturaly
Scientific revolution spreads
- Zacharias Janssen- microscope
-Anton van Leeuwenhoek- discovered bacteria and red blood cells
-Gabriel Fahrenheit- thermometer
Evan gelista Torricelli- Mercury barometer
Medicine and human body
Andreas Vesalius- dissected human corpse and proved scientists wrong by the fact that the human body is like a pig’s inside
-Edward Jenner- made first vaccine
Robert boyle
- use scientific method
- challenge The view that there was four basic elements he believed that small particles came to together to form all objects
Boyle law
Volume, temperature and pressure of gas affect each other
Hobbes
All men are naturally selfish and wicked government needs to keep people in order
- believed in absolute monarchy
Social contract
People needed to hand over some rights and exchange they would get protection
Locked natural rights
- More positive view of human nature
- learn from experiences
- people could govern themselves
All men have three natural rights
Life liberty and property
- if the government doesn’t protect these rights that people can rebel
- starts French revolution
The philosophes Advocate reason
5 key concepts
- Reason- knology truth could be gained through reason and logic
- Nature- what was natural was good ex.
if people steal from you, you get mad - Happiness- forget happiness an afterlife be happy now
- Progres- society in man/king can improve
5.Liberty - freedom won in glorious revolution and Bill of Rights
Voltaire
-In famous for using satire and became a target of church and wealthy people
-Fought for freedom of speech religion and tolerance
Satire- dry humor
Montesquieu and separation of powers
- believed England was balanced because Kings and ministers held executive power
- Parliament held legislative power
- Judges held judical power
- published on the spirit of laws
Rousseau
Individual freedom
- Didn’t believe that reason and science and art can improve right
- The social contract
- All people are equal and Noblility should be abolished
- Largely influential of the French revolution
Beccaria promote criminal justice
- Cesar backra believed laws only existed to pressure social order
- criticized torture of witnesses and suspects, fake trials and arbitarary punishments
- believed in a speedy trial and banning in capital punishment
Woman
Feminism- I as a woman can reserve education as a man and have the same privileges in marriage
Diderot
- Creates large books
- within it was a enlightenment ideals
- spreads enlightenment
- published the Encyclopedia
