People And Groups

Question 1

Dominant figure between 1948-64
ANC youth league - pres 1950
Rose during DEFIANCE CAMPAIGN
Helped plan COP and Freedom Trial
*united africans of all races in struggle*

Answer 1

Nelson Mandela (1918-2013)

Question 2

Pres of ANC 1952-1967
Non-violence
Organizer of defiance campaign
Moral leader of the movement**

Answer 2

Albert Luthuli (1898-1967)

Question 3

Initiated petty apartheid
NP (national party)
Prime Minister 1948-54

Answer 3

Daniel Malan

Question 4

NP
Started grand apartheid in late 1950s
“Architect of apartheid”
Prime Minister 1958-88

Answer 4

Henrik Verwoerd

Question 5

Armed wing of the ANC
Founded by Mandela after sharpeville Massacre
Strategy to sabotage destroy and not take lives
*caused govt to crack down harshly

Answer 5

MK (spear of the nation)

Question 6

Declared illegal in 1950 - forced underground
Mandela on central comm
Helped def cam and fee charter
Organized strikes 
Supported creation of MK

Answer 6

South African Communist Party (SACP)

Question 7

Methods: strikes ; peaceful resistance ; bus boycotts ; passbook protests
Viewed as too elite -poor rural Africans not involved
No real success ; leaders jailed and protests banned
*brought injustices of apartheid to rest of world

Answer 7

The African National Congress (ANC)