People as a Resource Flashcards
(34 cards)
What is meant by ‘People as Resource’?
‘People as Resource’ refers to the working population in a country, considering their skills and abilities as an asset for economic development.
How does a large population become an asset rather than a liability?
A large population becomes an asset when investment is made in human capital, such as education, training, and healthcare, which enhances productivity.
What is human capital?
Human capital is the stock of skills and productive knowledge embodied in people through education, training, and medical care.
How is human capital different from physical capital?
Human capital refers to skills and knowledge gained through education and training, whereas physical capital refers to tangible assets like machinery and infrastructure.
Explain human capital formation
When the existing ‘human resource’ is further developed by becoming more educated and healthy, we call it ‘human capital formation’.
What are the benefits of investing in human capital?
Investment in human capital leads to higher productivity, better job opportunities, higher incomes, and overall economic growth.
What lessons do we learn from the story of Sakal and Vilas?
Sakal, who received education and training, was able to secure a well-paying job, whereas Vilas, who lacked education, remained in low-income work, showing the importance of human capital.
How do educated and healthy individuals benefit society?
Educated and healthy individuals contribute to economic growth, innovation, and better governance, indirectly benefiting even those who lack formal education.
What are the three main sectors of economic activities?
The three main sectors are Primary (agriculture, fishing, mining), Secondary (manufacturing, construction), and Tertiary (services like banking, education, healthcare).
What is the difference between market and non-market activities?
Market activities are performed for pay or profit, while non-market activities include production for self-consumption and household work.
Why are women often employed in low-paid work?
Due to historical and cultural reasons, women often have lower education levels, limited job security, and work in informal sectors, leading to lower wages.
What is disguised unemployment?
- In case of disguised employment people appear to be employed.
- This usually happens among family members engaged in agricultural society.
- For example: The work requires the service of five people but engages eight people. These three(extra) people work at the same plot as others, and their contribution doesn’t add to the one of the five people.
- If these three people are removed, productiity will not decline.
- The field requires the service of five people, and three extra people are disuised unemployed.
What is seasonal unemployment?
- People appear to be unemployed during a few months of the year, due to the seasonal nature of their work.
- People dependent on agriculture usually face this issue.
- There are certain busy seasons when sowing, harvesting, weeding and threshing is done. Certain months do not provide much work to the people dependent on agriculture.
When does educated unemployement ocur in India
Educated unemployment occurs when qualified individuals cannot find suitable jobs, leading to economic waste and frustration.
How does literacy rate impact the quality of a population?
Higher literacy rates improve employability, productivity, and economic development, making a population more valuable.
What are the factors affecting the quality of the population?
The quality of a population depends on literacy rate, life expectancy, skill formation, and healthcare access.
What is the role of education in human capital formation?
Education enhances skills, broadens job opportunities, and contributes to personal and national economic growth.
How does health contribute to human capital formation?
Good health increases productivity, reduces absenteeism, and enhances life expectancy, leading to a stronger workforce.
What are the government initiatives for improving education in India?
- There is a provision made for providing universal access, retention and quality in elementary education with a special emphasis on girls.
- There is also an establishment of pace setting of schools like Navodaya Vidyalaya in each district.
- Vocational streams have been developed to equip large number of high school students with occupations related to knowledge and skills.
- “Sarva Siksha Abhiyan” is a significant step towards providing elementary education to all children in the age group of 6–14 years by 2010.
- Bridge courses and back-toschool camps have been initiated to increase the enrolment in elementary education.
- Mid-day meal scheme has been implemented to encourage attendance and retention of children and improve their nutritional status.
How does health influence an individual’s working life?
A healthy person is more productive, has fewer sick days, and can contribute effectively to economic growth.
What are the economic and non-economic activities?
Economic activities involve earning income (e.g., farming, teaching), while non-economic activities are performed without pay (e.g., household work).
What measures can reduce educated unemployment?
Vocational training, skill development programs, entrepreneurship support, and improved job-market alignment can help reduce educated unemployment.
Why is literacy higher among males than females in India?
Traditional gender roles, early marriages, and lack of access to education have historically limited female literacy rates.
How can a village transform into an economically prosperous place?
By investing in education, skill development, and small businesses, a village can create job opportunities and improve its economy.
