People In Organisations Flashcards
(36 cards)
What do they want the future workforce to be ?
They will highlight shortages, surpluses and competency (skills and education) gaps.
What are the main drivers for workforce planning?
Business objectives
Labour market
Demographic and social change
Technological change
What are business objectives?
Development and change of business objectives; if they need to change something to increase sales.
What is labour market?
Labour market trends have implications for recruitment and retention of staff.
What is demographic and social change?
Demographic change such as the ageing population in the UK is affecting both demand for products and services and workforce supply.
What is technological change?
Technological change is leading to large changes in ways of working and the skills needed in the workforce; ict skills and updated machines.
What are benefits of workforce planning?
Training
Employee retention
Diversity policies
Staff performance and absence
What is the formal description recruitment process?
Every job should have a job description that explains the tasks involved in the job, the job title, responsibilities attached to the job, place of work and employment conditions (holidays, salary etc)
Next is the preparation of a job specification, this describes the skills, knowledge and experience needed to complete this job.
What is internal methods of recruitment?
Finding someone already employed in the firm to fill a vacancy.
What are advantages of internal recruitment?
They will already know the company and its methods of working therefore they’re likely to settle into a job.
Cost of recruitment is reduced as theres no need for external advertisements and all the administrative costs for dealing with applications.
It will increase motivation within the workforce.
What are the methods of external recruitment?
This will depend on the vacancy/vacancies.
Recruitment agencies
Head hunters
Local papers
What is psychometric testing?
This is used to test someone’s ability, personality and interest so these are useful for sifting out large numbers of applicants at an early stage which will save both time and money.
What is staff appraisal?
Staff should regularly be appraised so once every six months or an annual basis in which the staff members performance is analysed normally against performance targets. They’ll be judged on:
Tasks completed,number of complaints, performance of subordinates, management of budget etc.
What are financial incentives?
Paying someone to do work and the better they do, the more money they get.
What are some examples of financial benefits?
Wages, salaries, profit related pay, fringe benefits
Bonus schemes: sales bonus, performance bonus, Christmas bonus, profit share.
What are non financial incentives?
Encouraging people to do things well without encouraging them with money
What are some examples of non financial incentives?
Job enrichment, job enlargement, communication, empowerment, quality circles, training, autonomous work groups and the single status workplace.
What is the motivation theory by Taylor?
Scientific management.
This is the idea that people will do as little as they can and won’t do anything unless they’re getting paid for it. So money is the only thing that motivates them. Money paid is directly correlational to the output achieved.
A managers job is to tell employees what to do and workers job is to do what they’re told and get paid accordingly. This is probably best linked to piece rate as a financial incentive. A weakness of this is that he’s assuming everyone wants to be treated like this.
What is maslows theory?
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs,this consists of two parts: the classification of human needs and consideration of how the classes are related to each other.
Five levels of the hierarchy: psychological needs, safety needs, social needs, esteem needs and self actualisation
What is herzberg’s theory?
Herzberg’s two factor theory:
Hygiene factors, hygiene factors are things like good company policy, supervision, working conditions, pay and relations with fellow employees. They don’t motivate as such but if they’re poor then workers will get dissatisfied.
Motivating factors are things like interesting work, personal achievement, recognition of achievement and scope for more responsibility and personal development.
What is McGregor’s theory?
McGregor’s X and Y theory.
X workers could be described as the following: individuals who dislike work, lack ambition, dislike responsibility, prefer to be led. Individuals who desire security.
Y workers could be characterised as: consider effort at work just like rest or play, don’t dislike work, seek responsibility and are usually well motivated.
What is workforce planning?
Workforce planning is about trying to predict the future demand for skills within the business so they look at the present workforce and hire and fire depending on the skills they think they’ll need for the future
What are autocratic leaders?
Give orders which have to obeyed without question. They’re probably a theory x manager so they don’t really like work. They don’t really consider Maslow’s higher needs such as self-esteem and self- actualisation or herzberg’s motivating factors. This type of managers is effective when rapid restructuring is required.
What is directive leadership?
Based on the idea that all managers in a chai of command are supervisors. The directive manager will tell their direct subordinates what their roles and tasks are and what is expected of them. They’ll tell them basically how to do the job and then they’ll monitor performance and achievement of standards.
