Percentages Flashcards
(332 cards)
1
Q
% gastric impactions successfully treated
Bird 2012
A
41%
2
Q
Percent ocular SCC cases that lack pigmentation
A
69%
3
Q
Percent survival ascarid impactions after manual evac into cecum? Percent alive 1 yr post-op?
Tatz 2012
A
80% survival to discharge
60% survival for 1 yr
4
Q
What percent of SI lesions is GSE?
Bergren 2015
A
10%
5
Q
Survival to dc of GSE vs other strang SI lesions?
Bergren 2015
A
72% vs 50%
6
Q
Short-term survival of GSE and EFE?
Kilcoyne 2016
A
51% GSE
40% EFE
7
Q
Percent survival to dc for SI R and A?
Close 2014
A
83%
74% survival at 6 mos
8
Q
Survival to dc for JJ, JI, and JC?
Stewart 2014
A
79% JJ
78% JI
83% JC
9
Q
Survival to dc for horses w strang SI lesions w/o resection?
Freeman 2014
A
100%
10
Q
Percent of post-op complications in horses w strang SI lesions w/o resection?
Freeman 2014
A
31%
11
Q
Percent survival of ETS JC vs STS JC?
Brown 2015
A
ETS 87%
STS 76%
(No sig diff)
12
Q
Percent of cecal impactions that had recent dz or sx proc?
Aitken 2015
A
68%
13
Q
Percent of type I vs type II cecal impactions that reimpacted?
Aitken 2015
A
36% type II (liquid)
11% type I (dry)
14
Q
Survival of horses w cecal impaction - surgical vs medical?
Aitken 2015
A
82% sx
61% medical
No diff in survival for typhlotomy vs jejunocolostomy
15
Q
Survival of NSE with phenylephrine + rolling vs phenylephrine + exercise?
Fultz 2013
A
84% rolling
63% exercise
16
Q
Survival of medical managed RDD vs LDD?
McGovern 2012
A
RDD 64%
LDD 76%
17
Q
Survival of NSE to discharge?
Percent of recurrence?
Nelson 2016
A
91% survival
23% recurrence
18
Q
Percent of horses that colicked after mesh obliteration of NS space?
Burke and Parente 2016
A
38%
19
Q
Percent survival for horses w sand impaction?
Hart 2013
A
90%
20
Q
Percent of horses w sand impaction that had inflammatory leukogram and hyperfibrinogenemia? How freq sand/gravel ID’d on rectal?
Hart 2013
A
87%
Sand 24%
Gravel 48%
21
Q
Survival to dc for LCV?
Levi 2012
A
86%
22
Q
Percent of mares with LCV that had foaled within previous 3 mos?
Suthers 2013
A
72%
23
Q
Percent of horses with LCV that survived?
Suthers 2013
A
77% survived GA
70% that survived GA survived to dc
24
Q
Survival after LCV?
Fiege 2015
A
70%
25
Survival to dc for TB mares w LCV?
| Hackett 2015
88%
26
Percent survival to dc for surgical lesions of SC in UK?
| De Bont 2013
91%
27
What percent of SC lesions were impactions vs strang lipomas? What percent of cases req R&A?
De Bont 2013
37% impaction
28% strang lipoma
27% req R&A (median survival time less)
28
Percent of horses having repeat celiotomy that bad strang SI lesions at first sx?
Dunkel 2015
63%
29
Most common reason for repeat celiotomy?
| Dunkel 2015
Post op reflux (59%)
30
Percent of horses for which reflux resolved after 2nd sx?
| Dunkel 2015
25%
31
Survival after repeat celiotomy?
Percent of horses w incisional infx and hernias/dehiscence after repeat celiotomy?
Dunkel 2015
24% survival 6 mos
Incisional infx 68%
Hernia/dehiscence 31%
32
Percent return to racing for TBs after colic sx?
| Hart 2014
76%
33
Percent return to racing after colic sx for TBs?
| Tomlinson 2013
69%
| No reduction in performance measures or career length
34
Percent return to intended use after colic sx?
| Davis 2013
68%
35
Percent of pregnant mares that have live foal after colic surgery?
Drumm 2013
66%
Mares bred < 40 days had lower foaling rate (48% vs 70%)
36
What percent of post-op colics dx’d w infx? What percent incisional?
Freeman 2012
43%
20%
37
What percent of horses developed incisional drainage post colic sx? What percent developed incisional hernia?
Colbath 2014
22% - incisional drainage
| 19% of horses w incisional drainage developed hernia
38
Percent of geriatric horses vs mature horses survive to dc post colic sx?
Gazette 2015
87% geriatric
| 92% mature
39
Survival for horses w hemoperitoneum post colic sx?
| Gray 2015
65% survival to dc
| 52% overall short term survival
40
Incidence of POI post colic sx?
| Lefebvre 2016
10-20%
41
Survival for horses with abdominal abscesses?
| Arnold 2012
24%
42
Survival of dairy cows with duodenal obstruction caused by duodenal sigmoid flexure volvulus (most counterclockwise)?
Vogel 2012
76%
43
What percent of cows w abomasal volvulus are hypokalemic? LDA? RDA?
Constable 2013
70% volvulus
55% LDA
53% RDA
44
Most common reason for rumenotomy? Most common reason for rumenostomy?
Hartnack 2015
Rumenotomy - 58% traumatic reticuloperitonitis
Rumenostomy - 43% elective cannulas, 47% tympany
45
Percent of calves w omphalophlebitis that had septic arthritis and liver abscesses?
Marchionatti 2016
28% septic arthritis
| 46% liver abscesses
46
Percent survival for calves w omphalophlebitis after sx?
| Marchionatti 2016
89% survival to dc
100% en bloc resection
74% umb vein marsup
Septic arthritis had meg affect on survival
47
Percent of horses that developed SSI post colic sx?
| Isgren 2017
25%
48
Most common isolate from horses w SSI post colic sx?
| Isgren 2017
E. Coli 59%
Enterococcus 42%
Staph 25%
92% of isolates resistant to penicillin
49
What percent of horses had repeat lap post colic sx?
| Findley 2017
6%
50
Most common reason for repeat lap?
| Findley 2017
Persistent post-op colic 76%
51
Survival post repeat celiotomy?
| Findley 2017
53% short term survival
52
Percent survival in pet pigs after GI sx?
| Ludwig 2017
45%
53
Percent survival of horses w strang SI lesions?
| Espinosa 2017
Survival to ax recovery 76%
| Survival to dc 59%
54
Percent of horses w post-op reflux after sx for strang SI lesions?
Espinosa 2017
51%
55
What percent of broodmares w duodenojejunal mesenteric rents presented w/in 8 was post partum?
Lawless 2017
58%
56
What percent of mares w mesenteric rents were multiparous?
| Lawless 2017
89%
57
Which segment of intestine most commonly incarcerated in mesenteric rent?
Lawless 2017?
Jejunum 90%
58
Survival of duodenojejunal mesenteric rents?
| Lawless 2017
Short term 76%
Long term 74%
All long term survivors returned to use for breeding
59
Mesenteric rent closed in what percent of mares w duodenojejunal mesenteric rents?
Lawless 2017
85%
| Failure to close rent assoc w incr odds of colic after dc but no effect on overall survival
60
Percent of horses that survived to dc after repeat celiotomy?
Percent of horses that incisional infx if repeat celiotomy performed through same VM incision?
Bauck 2017
86%
| Incisional infx in 76% of cases where performed through same VM incision, hernias in 30% of infected incisions
61
Percent of horses w sand impaction that had enterocentesis? Percent w pos fecal sedimentation?
Kilcoyne 2017
20% enterocentesis
| Cecal sedimentation pos in 22%
62
Most common complication of sand impaction?
| Kilcoyne 2017
Diarrhea - 20%
| 2.6% pos for salmonella
63
Survival for horses w sand impaction?
| Kilcoyne 2017
95% medically treated
| 95% surgically treated
64
Survival of foals w umbilical infx treated surgically?
| Oreff 2017
77% discharged
| 66% alive 1 yr post-op
65
Percent of ethmoid hematomas that recur after sx?
43%
66
Percent of nasopharyngeal cicatrix cases that involve GP openings?
20%
67
Percent of epiglottic entrapments that are ulcerated?
45%
| Most are persistent, thick, and wide
68
What percent of horse w epiglottic entrapment have epiglottic hypoplasia?
~33%
69
Racing performance improved in what percent of horses treated with epiglottic augmentation for epiglottic hypoplasia?
66%
70
Incidence of RLN in TBs and drafts?
TBs 2-8%
| Drafts 35%
71
Percent successful reinnervation for nerve muscle pedicle graft for RLN?
80%
72
What percent of horses will race after bilateral arytenoidectomy?
22%
73
What percent of TBs raced after yet for arytenoid chondropathy?
62%
74
DDSP seen as sequela after sx in what percent of cases of epiglottic entrapment?
10-15%
75
Acceptance of punch grafts? Punch grafts? Tunnel grafts? Modified meek grafts?
Pinch 60-75%
Punch 50-75%
Tunnel 60-80%
Modified Meek 95%
76
Percent of horses with coronation injuries w extensor tendon involvement? Joint involvement?
Butz 2017
16% extensor tendon
| 17% carpal joint involvement
77
Percent of horses w coronation injuries that had evidence of increased post-injury stumbling?
Butz 2017
20%
78
Sensitivity of transrectal palp for SI strangulation?
50%
79
What percent of EFEs involve ileum?
60-80%
80
Survival of foals <14d having colic sx? Foals 15-150d?
<14d 10% survival
| 15-150d 45%
81
What percent of cecal dz is cecal impaction?
40-50%
82
What percent of intussusceptions can be reduced?
33%
83
Recurrence rate of NSE?
7-8%
84
What percent of sx treated horses w small colon impaction will culture pos for salmonella?
43%
85
What percent of horses w strang SC lesions will have reflux?
30%
86
What percent of L retained testicles are within the abdomen? What percent of R retained testicles?
L 75%
| R 42%
87
Cervical lacerations do not need to be repaired if involving what percent of cervix?
50% or less
88
Uterine torsions occur most commonly in what direction? What percent are 180 degrees or less?
Clockwise 60%
| 180 degrees or less 80%
89
Percent atrophy of distal seg of SC after colostomy?
Up to 50%
90
Percent of abomasal displacements that are LDAs?
85-90%
91
What percent of cows with displacements have concurrent dz? What percent are conditions of repro tract (ketosis & metritis)?
61% have concurrent dz
| 76% are conditions of repro tract
92
Percent of LDAs that redisplace by 6 wks after rolling?
70%
93
Success rates for blind tack & toggle pin for LDA?
77-93% blind tack
| 80-88% toggle pin
94
Percent recurrence of cecal dilation/dislocation in bovines?
10-22%
| 13% in recent paper
95
Percent of horses w GP empyema that have chondroids?
21%
96
Px assoc w modified Forsell procedure?
60% complete remission
| 31% improved
97
Percent of cases w THO that improve after ceratohyoidectomy?
89%
98
Success rate of standard myectomy?
58-71%
99
Repair should not be attempted if how much of soft palate is missing?
> 20%
100
What percent of horses have chronic cough after laryngoplasty?
14%
101
Percent of foals w pharyngeal dysfxn that had aspiration pneumonia? Percent w HIE?
Holcombe 2012
75% aspiration pneumonia
| 50% had HIE
102
Percent survival of foals w pharyngeal dysfxn?
| Holcombe 2012
81% alive long term
| 50% racing
103
Most commonly affected sinus in paranasal sinus dz?
| Dixon 2012
78% caudal max sinus
| 61% rostral max sinus
104
What percent of cases w paranasal sinus dz had complete remission of signs?
Dixon 2012
87%
105
What percent of cases of empyema of nasal conchal bulla were ventral?
Dixon 2015
80% (8/10)
106
Percent of cases w cleft palate that presented for milk or feed in nostrils?
Murray 2013
60%
107
Overall survival to dc for cleft palate
| Murray 2013
67%
108
What percent of cases w cleft palate had pneumonia?
| Murray 2013
41%
109
What percent of cases w cleft palate involved SP?
| Murray 2013
92%
110
What percent of horses that had surgical repair for cleft palate had dehiscence?
Murray 2013
46%
111
What percent of potential racehorses raced after treatment for cleft palate?
Murray 2013
12% (4/33)
112
What percent of horses w subepiglottic cysts had no clinical signs?
Salz 2013
73%
113
What percent of TBs w subepiglottic cysts were yearlings?
| Salz 2013
82%
114
What percent of horses w subepiglottic cysts had concurrent epiglottic entrapment?
Salz 2013
36%
115
What percent of TBs raced after sx for subepiglottic cysts
| Salz 2013
73%
116
What was the most common form of URT disorder in horses w abnormal resp noise post LP?
Compostella 2012
83% palatal dysfxn
60% ADAF
43% vocal cord collapse
Overall 87% had dynamic collapse
117
What percent of horses that had laryngoplasty had some form of upper airway collapse at exercise?
Barnett 2013
78%
118
How common was DDSP post LP?
| Barnett 2014
46%
| Induced @ slower gaits & corrects w swallow
119
What percent of TB horses that had tie-back w Lycra prosthesis returned to racing?
Raffetto 2015
80%
120
What percent of TBs w PI developed DDSP?
| Allen & Franklin 2013
46%
121
What percent of STB trotters returned to racing after staphylectomy vs tie forward?
Carmalt 2016
86% staphylectomy
| 79% tie forward
122
Common anatomic pattern where ICA originates caudal & ventral to occipital occurs in what percent of horses?
Khairuddin 2015
83%
123
Success rate for modified forsells?
| Baia 2015
84%
124
Percent of post-op complications after modified forsells?
| Baia 2015
22% (seroma, hematoma, infx, prolonged drainage)
125
What percent of laryngotomy incisions closed primarily became infected? Had edema? Had prolonged healing? Had dehiscence or needed reopening?
Lindegaard 2016
6% infected
3% edema
4% prolonged healing
None dehisced or needed reopening
126
Survival of horses w THO treated surgically vs medically?
| Espinosa 2017
65% nonsurvival medical
12% partial stylohyoidectomy
4% ceratohyoidectomy
127
Rate of complications of partial stylohyoidectomy vs ceratohyoidectomy?
Espinosa 2017
33% partial stylohyoidectomy
| 22% ceratohyoidectomy
128
Complication rate of enucleation?
8%
129
Eyelid lacerations can be closed primarily if what percent of eyelid affected?
< 33%
130
Repair of corneal lacerations should be sutured to what depth?
80% of corneal depth
131
Conjunctival graft should be sutured to what depth of cornea?
50-65% of corneal depth
132
What percent of horses w corneal perf & iris prolapse treated w keratoplasty & flap/amniotic memb were visual post-op?
De Linde Henriksen 2012
65%
133
Percent recurrence of SCC of third eyelid after excision?
| Scherrer 2014
20% @ mean of 2.25 yrs after excision
134
Successful resolution after electrocautery trt for distichiae in Friesians after 1 trt? After 2 trts?
Hermans & Ensink 2014
46% after 1 trt
77% after 2 trts
Recurrence rate low if < 5 distichiae
135
What percent of uterine years are in R horn?
75%
136
Survival rate for uterine tears?
76%
137
What percent of mares with GCT have elevated testosterone levels? What percent have elevated inhibit levels?
54% have elevated testosterone
| 87% have elevated inhibin
138
Mares can maintain a pregnancy with how much of a uterine horn removed?
Up to 50%
139
Pregnancy rate after repair for cervical lacerations?
75%
140
Percent recovery of cows with uterine prolapse? Percent that will conceive again?
75% recovery rate
| 85% of recovered cows will conceive again
141
Sensitivity of AMH for GCTs? Inhibin? Testosterone? Combo of inhibin & testosterone?
Ball 2013
AMH 98%
Inhibin 80%
Testosterone 48%
Combo inhibin and testosterone 84%
142
What percent of condylar fx involve lateral condyle?
85%
143
What percent of cases with distal MC3/MT3 SCB cysts have fetlock effusion?
50%
144
Percent sound for intended use after arthroscopic debridement of SCB cysts of MT3/MC3?
80%
SCLs w narrow openings respond well to IA HA & may not need sx
145
Cartilage degeneration of what percent of articular surface has reduced post-op performance?
> 30%
146
Percent of involvement of glenoid cavity where supraglenoid tubercle fx should be repaired vs removed?
> 1/3 (30%)
147
Percent of horses that return to racing after debridement for subchondral lucency of 3rd carpal bone?
89%
148
Px for return to racing after palmar OC frags?
52%
149
What percent of mares with GCTs had stallion like behavior? Aggressive? Prolonged estrus or nymphomania?
Sherlock 2016
50% had stallion like behavior
31% aggressive
19% prolonged estrus or nymphomania
150
What percent of ovaries with GCTs were multilocular?
| Sherlock 2016
90%
151
What percent of cases with GCTs had elevated inhibin levels?
| Sherlock 2016
60%
152
What percent of cases with GCTs were bilateral?
| Sherlock 2016
25%
153
What method of ovariectomy had fewest complications?
| Sherlock 2016
Standing lap ovariectomy - 34%
VM - 40%
Paramedian - 63%
154
What percent of mares that had c-section were for dystocia?
| Abernathy-Young 2012
75%
155
What was survival for mares and foals after c-section?
| Abernathy-Young 2012
Mares 84%
| Foals 35%
156
3 year foaling rates for mares with dystocia > 90 mins and < 90 mins? Mares older than 16 yrs?
Abernathy-Young 2012
52% > 90 mins
68% < 90 mins
31% mares > 16 yrs
157
What percent of mares with ventral cervical defects repaired in Trendelenberg became pregnant?
OLeary 2013
64%
158
Survival to discharge and foaling of mares with uterine torsion?
Spoormakers 2016
Mares 90%
Foals 82%
Mean- 283 days of gestation
159
Survival of foals with standing flank vs. other methods (vaginal, VM)?
Spoormakers 2016
88% standing flank
| 35% other methods
160
Survival of foals when uterine torsion occurred before 320 days vs > 320 days of gestation?
Spoormakers 2016
90% when before 320 days
| 56% when > 320 days
161
Survival of mares with standing flank vs. other methods for uterine torsion if occurred before 320 days?
Spoormakers 2016
Flank 97%
| Other methods 50%
162
Survival of mares with standing flank vs. other methods for uterine torsion if occurred after 320 days?
Spoormakers 2016
Flank 76%
Other methods 68%
(no diff)
163
What percent of mares became pregnant after uterine torsion?
| Spoormakers 2016
93%
164
What percent of cases had complications after routine castration? What percent were minot complications?
Kilcoyne 2013
10%
| 75% were minor complications
165
What percent of cryptorchids were QHs?
| Hartman 2015
47%
166
Rectal palp accurate in predicting location of crypt testicle in what percent of cases?
Hartman 2015
89%
167
What percent of cryptorchids were abdominal?
| Hartman 2015
59%
168
What were the most common sites for unilateral crypts?
| Hartman 2015
Left abdominal 35%
| Right inguinal 28%
169
Unilateral crypts comprised what percent of cases?
| Hartman 2015
86%
170
What percent of cases had post-op complications after cryptorchidectomy incl fever? Excluding fever, what percent of cases had post-op complications?
Hartman 2015
25% incl fever
3% excl fever
Most common sx- lap cryptorchidectomy
171
Sensitivity and specificity for US to locate inguinal testes?
Coomer 2016
98% sensitivity
| 97% specificity
172
Subischial urethrostomy and penile amputation with preputial ablation performed for mostly SCC (73%)- what was survival?
Wylie 2016
64% survived > 18 mos
173
Most common approach for c-section in camelids?
| Miller 2013
L proximal lateral abdominal approach - 62%
174
What percent of crias were born alive & discharged from hospital after c-section?
Miller 2013
59%
175
What was the most common complication after c-section in camelids?
Miller 2013
Retained placenta 88%
176
What percent of camelids were rebred & became pregnant after c-section?
Miller 2013
61% rebred
90% became pregnant
(most had normal delivery after c-section)
177
Overall return to normal milking after trt for varicose veins in dairy cattle? Percent recurrence?
Larde 2013
84% return to milking
| recurrence in 15%
178
Percent complications after L paralumbar fossa bilateral ovariectomy?
Colbath 2017
33%
179
Prevalence of bladder rupture in foals?
0.5-2.5%
180
VPCs occur in what percent of foals with uroabdomen?
14-21%
181
Complete calculus removal was accomplished in what percent of horses that had fragmentation of calculus via transurethral endoscopy using electrohydraulic shockwave?
Rocken 2012
95%
182
Incidence of complications after PU?
| Kilcoyne 2014
52%
183
Percent recurrence of bladder stones in horses after PU?
| Kilcoyne 2014
23%
184
What percent of equids with indwelling urinary catheters developed complications?
Kilcoyne 2014
75%
185
Hematuria resolved in what percent of geldings after trt with corpus spongiotomy or PU? Hemospermia resolved in what percent of stallions?
100% of geldings
| 58% of stallions (req additional sx)
186
Urinary calculi detected in what percent of small ruminants via plain radiography?
Kinsley 2013
85%
187
Percent long term survival for vesicopreputial anastomosis in 4 goats?
Cypher 2017
3/4 (75%)
188
Accessory carpal bone fx account for what percent of carpal fx?
2%
189
What percent of polydactyly (congenital phalangeal malformation) involve the medial side?
80%
190
What is the px for gastroc rupture- what percent of foals will go on to race?
82%
191
What percent of foals with carpal ALD have rudimentary ulna that is ossified & requires removal?
20%
192
What percent of SCLs communicate w joint?
30%
193
Px for soundness after PIPJ arthrodesis?
Forelimbs 81%
| Hindlimbs 95%
194
What percent of horses with dorsomedial eminence P1 fx frags returned to racing after sx?
86-89%
195
What percent of horses w midbody sesamoid fx will return to racing after repair (cerclage wire or lag screw)?
60%
196
What percent of horses with basal sesamoid fx returned to racing after frag removal for frags involving < 25% of base vs > 25% of base?
< 25% of base - 57% returned to racing
| > 25% of base - 40% returned to racing
197
Percent return to racing after repair of lateral nondisplaced condylar fx?
70-80%
198
Percent return to racing after repair of lateral displaced condylar fx?
50% if no comminution or sesamoid injury
199
Percent return to racing after sx for villonodular synovitis?
82-86%
| Dependent somewhat on degree of OA
200
What percent of IA anatomy is visible from dorsal approach to DIPJ?
30%
201
Reported success rate for solar approach to DIPJ arthrodesis in cattle?
85%
202
Percent of cases with evidence of contrast medium in tarsal sheath after perineural analgesia of deep branch of lateral plantar nerve? TMT joint?
Claunch 2014
16% tarsal sheath
| 6% TMTJ
203
Percent of cases with evidence of contrast medium in tarsal sheath after perineural analgesia of deep branch of lateral plantar nerve?
Contino 2015
37%
25% TMT joints had mepivacaine conc sufficient to provide analgesia
204
Percent of cases for which fluid obtained from navicular bursa with optimized injection technique that avoids DDFT?
Daniel 2016
47%
205
Distal border fragments of navicular bone observed in what percent of sound and lame horses?
Biggi and Dyson 2012
3. 6% sound
| 8. 7% lame
206
What percent of horses that had navicular bursa injections after MRI returned to intended use?
Marsh 2012
75% for a mean of 9 mos
207
What percent of cases that had forelimb navicular bursa endoscopy had DDFT injuries within the bursa?
Smith and Wright 2012
98%
208
What percent of cases that had forelimb navicular bursa endoscopy returned to soundness? Returned to previous level of performance?
Smith and Wright 2012
61% sound
| 42% returned to previous level of performance
209
Percent of horses that responded positively to PD neurectomy? What percent able to return to previous level of work?
Gutierrez-Nibeyro 2015
92% responded positively
| 80% able to return to previous level of use for median of 20 mos
210
Percent post-op complications after PD neurectomy?
| Gutierrez-Nibeyro 2015
36%
211
What percent of horses with hindlimb lameness experienced saddle slip?
Greve and Dyson 2013
54%
212
What percent of horses had evidence of abnormalities of interosseous lig region of DIT? Evidence of OA of DITJ?
Skelley-Smith 2016
17% - interosseous lig
| 6% - OA DIT
213
Prodromal pathology observed in what percent of limbs of TBs with parasagittal P1 fx? What percent of contralateral limbs?
Smith and Wright 2014
14% limbs w fx
4% contralateral limbs
Suggests possible stress related etiology
214
Lameness was eliminated in what percent of horses by 120 days after screw inserted in lag fashion across MFC SCL?
Santschi 2015
75%
| Lameness reduced by 1-2 grades by 60d
215
SCL area decreased by what percent after placement of screw across MFC SCL?
Santschi 2015
> or equal to 50%
216
What percent of SCLs were radiographically resolved after screw placement across MFC SCL?
Santschi 2015
11%
| Most were > 50% resolved
217
What was the most common finding in low field MRI of racing TBs? What percent of horses had fx pathology not identified on rads?
Powell 2012
Palmar osteochondral dz - 55%
36% had had fx pathology not seen on rads
218
Incomplete condylar fx diagnosed in what percent of racing TBs on low field MRI? Incomplete sagittal fx of P1?
Powell 2012
Condylar fx - 20%
| Sagittal P1 fx - 14%
219
Palmar osteochondral dz identified in what percent of TBs examined post-mortem?
Pinchbeck 2013
80%
| Higher grades in forelimbs vs. hindlimbs
220
What was mean CSA of SDFT tendon lesions as percent of tendon in cutting horses with lateral SDFT lesions?
Tipton 2013
30%
221
What percent of cutting horses with SDFT lesions returned to previous level of activity?
Tipton 2013
84%
| Better px than reported for racehorses
222
What percent of horses with SDFT tendonitis that had desmotomy of ALSDFT returned to racing?
Hu and Bramlage 2014
69%
223
What percent of horses 5+ yrs returned to racing after desmotomy of ALSDFT vs horses < 5yrs?
Hu and Bramlage 2014
44% 5+ yrs
| 72% <5yrs
224
What percent of horses survived to discharge after solar foot penetration with synovial structure involvement? What percent returned to pre-injury athletic fxn?
Findley 2014
56% survived to dc
| 36% returned to pre-injury athletic fxn
225
What percent of horses with manica flexoria tears were Cobs/ponies?
Findley 2012
83%
226
Manica flexoria tears occurred more frequently in fore or hindlimbs?
Findley 2012
hindlimbs - 85%
| All assoc w DFTS effusion; most tears medial
227
What percent of horses with manica flexoria tears returned to pre-injury level of exercise?
FIndley 2012
79%
228
What percent of synoviocoeles on caudodistal aspect of crus communicated with tarsal sheath?
Minshall and Wright 2012
100%
Swellings were greatest laterally in most
No lesions present in sheath
229
What percent of horses with tarsal sheath synoviocoeles returned to work after sx with little or no swelling?
Minshall and Wright 2012
66%
| 2/15 cases had recurrence of swelling
230
Torn radial head of DDF dx'd in what percent of horses that had endoscopy of carpal sheath?
Minshall and Wright 2012
19%
Lesion @ jxn of radial head w conjoined tendon of insertion of humeral and ulnar heads of DDF
LF predominance
231
What percent of cases with torn radial head of DDF had carpal sheath effusion?
Minshall and Wright 2012
100%
232
What percent of horses with torn radial head of DDF returned to work?
Minshall and Wright 2012
100%
| Sx- removal of torn tissue
233
What percent of frontal plane accessory carpal bone fx communicated with carpal sheath?
Minshall and Wright 2014
8/9 (89%); 8/9 also displaced
| Fx margins lacerated lateral margin of DDFT
234
Px for return to work after carpal canal endoscopy to remove frags of frontal plane ACB fx & debride torn tendon?
Minshall and Wright 2014
100%
| All returned to work
235
Post-op sepsis occurred in what percent of horses have endoscopic sx?
Hawthorn 2016
1%
| Tendon sheath arthroscopy, esp carpal canal, m ore likely vs other structures
236
Percent survival of horses treated with modified transfixation pin cast? (Lower pin in cancellous bone of epiphysis & proximal pin in distal metaphysis where also a lot of cancellous bone bc fails @ higher strain, + hybrid cast)
Rossignol 2014
82% survival
237
Cast complications occurred in what percent of horses? What percent of horses with bandage cast vs. traditional cast?
Janicek 2012
49% cast complications
34% bandage cast
52% traditional cast
238
What was the most common cast complication?
| Janicek 2012
Cast sores 45%
| Broken cast 5%
239
Cast complications developed in what percent of horses cast in flexed, neutral, and extended position?
Janicek 2012
71% flexed
48% neutral
47% extended
240
0.1 mg/kg firocoxib q24h resulted in lameness improvement in what percent of horses w OA?
Orsini 2012
80%
| Improvement most rapid in first 7 days
241
What percent of horses not lame 12 months after ethyl alcohol facilitated ankylosis of DIT & TMT joints?
Carmalt 2012
85%
242
What percent of horses sound after ethanol injection into TMT joints?
Lamas 2012
52% of horses
| 60% of limbs
243
What percent of horses were sound & what percent improved after facilitated pastern ankylosis with alcohol? What percent returned to previous level of work?
Caston 2013
50% sound
38% improved
59% returned to previous level of work
Median time till sound- 8 mos
244
What percent of complications after facilitated pastern ankylosis?
Caston 2013
18%
245
Palmar process P3 fx identified in what percent of foals?
| Faramarzi 2015
74%
| High prevalence forelimbs
246
What percent of horses had characteristic lameness (worse in straight lines) with incomplete longitudinal fx or injury of proximopalmar medial MC3? What percent returned to athletic use?
Morgan and Dyson 2012
73% had characteristic lameness
| 98% returned to athletic use
247
What percent of cases with prox parasagittal P1 fx had proximal articular comminution?
Smith & Wright 2013
20%
Most common fx- long incomplete parasagittal that extended into middle third of diaphysis; fx started in sagittal groove
248
Fore or hindlimbs more commonly affected by nonseptic osteitis of prox sesamoid bones?
Vanderperren 2014
Hindlimbs - 72%
Most commonly biaxial
Horses all had hx trauma and acute lameness
249
What percent of long propagating medial condylar fx spiralled proximally? What percent nondisplaced?
Goodrich 2014
73% spiralled proximally
| 90% nondisplaced
250
What limb/s most commonly affected in STBs with medial condylar fx? In TBs?
Goodrich 2014
STBS- hindlimbs most common - 71%
| TBs- forelimbs most common - 61%; LF most common
251
What percent of horses with medial condylar fx raced post-op?
Goodrich 2014
40%
| 57% STBs & 39% TBs
252
What was mean fx length of medial condylar fx as percent of length of bone?
Goodrich 2014
72%
253
What percent of horses with forelimb unicortical condylar fx returned to racing? What percent sustained reinjury?
Ramzan 2015
93% returned to racing
16% sustained reinjury
Most common in TB racehorses, RF overrepresented, lameness mild, most conservativey managed
254
Percent overall survival of horses with radial fx?
| Stewart 2015
50%
255
What percent of radial fx were minimally displaced & conservatively managed? Survival to discharge?
Stewart 2015
26%
| 86% survived to discharge
256
What percent of radial fx had surgical trt by open reduction and internal fixation? Survival to discharge?
Stewart 2015
50%
| 56% survived to discharge
257
What percent of palmar osteochondral fragments involved the antebrachiocarpal joint? Middle carpal joint?
Lang and Nixon 2015
68% - ABCJ
| 28 - MCJ
258
What was the most commonly affected site by palmar osteochondral fragmentation?
Lang and Nixon 2015
Proximal radial carpal bone - 40%
| Accessory carpal bone - 20%
259
What percent of horses were not lame & returned to work after sx for palmar osteochondral fragmentation?
Lang and Nixon 2015
76%
260
Most common reason for PIPJ arthrodesis?
| Herthel 2015
OA for TBs & WBs - 90%
| Uniaxial plantar eminance fx of HLs for QHs -
261
Percent overall successful outcome for PIPJ arthrodesis? HLs vs FLs?
Herthel 2015
82%
75% forelimbs, 85% hindlimbs
Horses having HL arthrodesis more likely to return to competition
262
Percent overall successful outcome for PIPJ arthrodesis for QHs vs TB/WBs?
Herthel 2015
87% QHs; 63% returned to competition
| 74% WBs/TBs; 57% returned to competition
263
What percent of Friesians with large extensor process fragments > 25% joint surface were used as intended after removal?
Compagnie 2016
82%
264
Cartilage erosion/degradation in what percent of cases w TC OCD in dorsal pouches? Cartilage wear lines in what percent of plantar pouches?
James 2016
31% dorsal pouches
| 45% plantar pouches
265
What percent of plantar pouches with wear lines had evidence of cartilage abnormalities?
James 2016
25%
266
What percent of horses achieved intended use post-sx of dorsal and plantar pouches for TC OCD?
James 2016
66%
| Plantar pouch investigation warranted
267
Direct approach to navicular bursa resulted in penetration of DFTS or DIPJ in what percent of cases? Iatrogenic dmg to navicular bone or DDFT occurred in what percent of cases?
Kayne-Smyth 2016
45%
55% - iatrogenic dmg
Alternative direct approach where scope advanced distally parallel to DDFT- no inadvertent synovial penetration & no iatrogenic dmg
268
Percent return to previous use for horses w unilateral mandibular fx treated conservatively?
Jansson 2016
96%
269
Prevalence of sus lig branch injury on yearling pre-sale rads?
Plevin 2014
10%
270
Percent return to activity for horses w DDFT injuries dx'd on MRI treated medically?
Lutter 2015
61% for median duration of 18 mos
72% mild injuries, 56% moderate injuries, 56% severe injuries
Western performance horses more likely to return to work
271
What percent of horses had complete resolution of signs after MPL splitting immediately after sx or within 2 weeks?
Anderson and Tnibar 2016
97%
272
What percent of horses with lateral patellar lig injuries returned to riding?
Gottlieb 2016
50% (9/18)
273
Successful resolution of signs for interspinous ligament desmotomy for kissing spines vs methylprednisolone injection?
Coomer 2012
95% surgical
89% methylpred
No surgical cases had recurrence, 50% of medical cases had recurrence
274
Percent resolution of signs for cranial wedge ostectomy for overriding dorsal spinous processes?
Jacklin 2014
79% had resolution of signs and returned to full work
| 18% improved
275
Percent of cases that returned to full athletic fxn after subtotal ostectomy of impinging dorsal spinous processes?
Brink 2014
86% @ < 1yr
| 77% @ > 1yr
276
Most common fatal injuries of QH racehorses?
| Sarrafian 2012
Fetlock joint support injuries - 40%
Carpal injuries - 24%
RF predominance for carpal & scapular fx
277
What percent of horses were identified as having foot pain d/t ossified collateral cartilages?
Jones and Dyson 2015
60%
| lateral cartilage more commonly ossified
278
What percent of foals with septic arthritis have one joint affected? 2 joints? Which joints most commonly affected?
Hepworth-Warren 2015
46% one joint
21% two joints
TC (39%) and stifle (21%) most commonly affected
279
What percent of foals with septic arthritis survived to discharge?
Hepworth-Warren 2015
56%
| Survival positively assoc w higher plasma fibrinogen
280
Percent sensitivity of CECT for dx of DDFT lesions in equine foot?
Van Hamel 2014
93%
281
Incidence of septic joints per 10,000 IA injections?
| Gillespie 2016
2.1
282
What percent of horses with femorotibial lesions returned to previous level of work after IA BM-MSCs in combo w sx?
Feris 2014
43% returned to previous level of work
33% returned to work
Higher percentage of horses w meniscal dmg returned to work than previously reported (75%)
Joint flare - 9%
283
Induced SDFT lesions in a cast were what percent shorter and what percent smaller than controls?
David 2012
19% shorter
| 57% smaller
284
Percent return to racing for horses that had standing fx repair?
Payne 2012
66%
285
Percent return to previous fxn after arthroscopic sx and rehab for soft tissue injuries of tarsus?
Barker 2013
81%
| Short collaterals more freq affected than long collaterals
286
Re-injury rate for horses w SDFT tendinopathy after injections of BM-MSCs & rehab?
Godwin 2012
27%
287
What percent of DDFT and manica flexoria lesions in hindlimb vs. forelimb?
Fiske-Jackson 2013
DDFT- 73% forelimbs, more likely to respond to intrathecal analgesia
Manica flexoria - 92% hindlimbs
288
Sensitivity of prediction of manica flexoria tears with contrast radiography?
Fiske-Jackson 2013
96% sensitivity
| 80% specificity
289
Percent successful outcome of neurectomy & fasciotomy for hindlimb prox susp desmopathy?
Dyson 2012
78% successful if no other MSK probs
Straight hock conformation and/or hyperextension of fetlock joint- remained lame
Horses with other problems contributing to lameness - 44% successful outcome
290
Percent return to work after removal of distal radial osteochondromata?
Wright 2012
100%
| All were metaphyseal, most in middle third of radius with laceration of adjacent DDFT
291
Percent of cases with physitis or metaphyseal collapse after screws and wires or a single transphyseal screw for transphyseal bridging?
Carlson 2012
Physitis 17% for STS & 7% for SandW
Metaphyseal collapse 4% for STS, none for SandW
Horses w metaphyseal collapse unable to race
292
Successful outcome in what percent of horses after MFC SCL cyst debridement followed by filling with autologous cancellous bone or bone substitute?
Ortved 2012
74%
293
Incidence of septic joints post-arthroscopy in horses not receiving antibiotics?
Borg and Carmalt 2013
0. 5% joints
| 0. 7% horses
294
What percent of MC2 may be removed without altering biomechanics of carpus?
Seabaugh 2012
80%
295
Percent of horses serviceable for intended use after tenosynoviotomy for sepsis of DFTS?
McNally 2013
71%
| Salvage procedure
296
Percent survival of foals with osteomyelitis of patella after trt?
Kay 2012
75% survived and were sound long term
297
Percent sensitivity for detection of DIPJ effusion with larger vs smaller volumes of effusion?
Olive 2014
Larger volumes - 92-100%
| Smaller volumes - 57%
298
What percent of horses with keratoma had radiological changes?
Mair 2012
66%
299
What percent of horses with withers fx returned to previous work?
Piet 2012
46%
| Px good if no neuro signs
300
What percent of horses with suspensory ligament branch injuries had only one branch injured?
Marneris 2014
54%
301
What percent of event horses and dressage horses have forelimb vs. hindlimb susp lig branch injuries?
Marneris 2014
Event horses - 76% forelimb injuries
| Dressage horses - 87% hindlimb injuries
302
Percent return to work after primary susp lig branch injury?
| Marneris 2014
43%
303
Percent recovered from collateral cartilage infx after sx?
| Smith 2014
75%
| Poor px w conservative therapy
304
Percent resolution of pythiosis after IVRLP with amphotericin B?
Doria 2012
92%
305
Percent complications after IVRLP vs. IORLP?
| Rubio-Martinez 2012
12% IVRLP
| 33% IORLP
306
Percent resolution of synovial injury & return to soundness in horses treated with IVRLP via indwelling catheters?
Kelmer 2012
87% resolution
| 61% return to soundness
307
Percent of osseous sequestration in camelids assoc with trauma?
Rousseau 2013
19%
| Camelids w sequestra not assoc w trauma younger than those assoc w trauma
308
Percent recovery long term of camelids with osseous sequestration?
Rousseau 2013
83%
309
What percent of calves with spastic paresis involved the gastroc? Percent involving quadriceps femoris? Percent with mixed?
De Vlamynck 2016
33% - gastroc
20% - quadriceps
47% - mixed
310
Percent of calves with gastroc affected that improved after partial tibial neurectomy? Mixed?
De Vlamynck 2016
86% complete resolution - gastroc
81% improved after sx (none completely resolved), all who did not have sx worsened - mixed
Quadriceps - none had sx, 66% worsened, 33% spontaneously improved
311
What percent of horses have endoscopy for nonseptic tenosynovitis for carpal sheath had exostosis identified? What percent considered clinically important?
Zetterstrom 2017
94% had exostosis, often @ caudal margin of scar of distal radial physis
89% deemed clinically important
312
What percent of horses under carpal canal tenoscopy had DDFT lesions?
Zetterstrom 2017
77%, most DDFT tears longitudinal
| Effusion predictive of tears, but not of severity
313
What percent of STBs undergoing carpal sheath tenoscopy raced after sx?
Carmalt 2017
90%
Horses got slower as approached sx & faster after
Overall good px for racing post-sx
314
What limb most commonly affected by distal tendonitis of SDFT in STB racehorses? Which branch most commonly affected?
Tricaud 2017
LF - 67%
| Lateral branch - 80%; no horses affected biaxially
315
Percent of horses with distal tendonitis of SDFT in STB racehorses that returned to racing? Reinjury rate?
Tricaud 2017
93% returned to racing
| 22% reinjury rate
316
Overall survival to dc for foals < 60d with hematogenous synovial sepsis? Long term survival? What percent of long term survivors achieved athletic soundness?
Wright 2017
80% survival to dc
67% survived long term
92% of long term survivors athletically sound - overall 62% athletically sound
(Tibiotarsal most commonly affected joint)
317
Most common joint affected by carpal fragmentation in TB racehorses?
Whyard 2017
Middle carpal joint - 75%
318
Most common site of fragmentation in the carpus of TB racehorses?
Whyard 2017
Dorsodistal radial carpal bone - 49%
Dorsoproximal 3rd carpal bone - 22%
Dorsodistal radius - 15%
319
What percent of National Hunt racehorses w/o hx or clinical signs had at least one susp lig branch with US abnormalities?
Fairburn 2017
30%
Medial branch most common
Insertional CSA larger medially than laterally
320
What percent of TB racehorses with uniplanar frontal slab fx of third tarsal bone had wedge shaped 3rd tarsal bone?
Barker 2017
18%
| Possible abnormal shape predisposition for fx?
321
Percent return to racing after sx for repair of uniplanar frontal slab fx of third tarsal bone?
Barker 2017
79%
Fx ocurred in dorsomedial to plantarolateral direction (involving dorsolateral aspect of third tarsal bone)
All fx < 10 mm, repaired with 3.5 mm cortex screw in lag fashion
Median age 2 yrs, more commonly LH
322
What percent of horses returned to useful fxn after double plate fixation of PIPJ instability?
McCormick 2017
60%
90% showed evidence of fx healing and arthdesis of PIPJ @ 6 mos
Distal plate screws engaged palmar/plantar eminence so tensile component of pastern re-established & provided greater stability
323
Most common config of parasagittal P1 fx in TB racehorses?
| Smith 2017
Long incomplete parasagittal - 76%
Short incomplete parasagittal - 10%
Complete parasagittal - 10%
324
What percent of TB racehorses with parasagittal P1 fx returned to racing?
Smith 2017
48% returned to racing
| Short incomplete parasagittal fx & horses 2 yrs old had incr odds of returning to racing
325
Percent accuracy of injection of TMTJ? DITJ?
| Seabaugh 2017
96% TMTJ
| 42% DITJ
326
Survival to discharge for equids treated with modified Thomas splint cast combo for limb fx?
Ladefoged 2017
77%
| Most freq complication pressure sores
327
What percent of horses sound for intended purpose after repair of ulnar fx with LCPs? Percent complications?
Jacobs 2017
83% sound for intended purpose
| 28% complications
328
What precent of foals w septic arthritis of coxofemoral jt survived to dc? Overall survival w no residual lameness?
Oliver 2017
83% discharged
| 75% survived overall w no residual lameness
329
What percent of horses w cubital SCLs (medial prox radius) causing lameness treated w 4.5 cortical screw placed medial to lateral were able to be used as intended w/in 6 mos?
Roquet 2017
87.5%
330
Overall favorable outcome for horses and foals with septic arthritis treated with arthro lavage & repeated IA abx?
Cousty 2017
90%
| Overall successful response to trt 95%
331
Percent of articular cartilage removed from PIPJ using collateral lig sparing technique vs conventional technique w transection of collateral ligs?
Kuemmerle 2013
41% - collateral lig sparing technique
| 79% - conventional technique
332
What percent of horses with lateral femoral trochlear ridge OCD lesions were performing to full expectations long term after arthroscopic sx?
UpRichard 2013
66%
Depth of lesion assoc w short-term complications of effusion & lameness, depth & length of lesion not assoc w long term outcome
Involvement of structures other than lat trochlear ridge assoc w worse px
