Perception Flashcards
(37 cards)
Define perception
the organisation and interpretation of sensory information by the brain in order to understand the world around us.
Define sensation
the physical stimulation of sense receptors by the environment, such as light striking the retina or sound waves being processed by the ear
What does the Ponzo illusion look like and what type of illusion is it?
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A misinterpreted depth cue
What does the Müller-Lyer illusion look like and what sort of illusion is it?
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Misinterpreted depth cue
What does Rubin’s vase look like and what type of illusion is it?
The silhouette of two people’s face a few cm apart with the space in between them looking like a vase
Ambiguous Figure
What does the Ames Room look like and what type of illusion is it?
Looking through a viewing window, you see what looks like a normal, squared room. In reality the room shape is a trapezoid with the furthest corner away from you and slightly lowered. This creates the illusion that the person closest to you is significantly taller.
Misinterpreted depth cue
What is a Binocular depth cue?
Cues that are only detected when both eyes are used
Define Convergence
It’s to do with how hard the eye muscles have to work to view objects. The closer an object is, the harder the eye muscles have to work, and this gives the brain information about depth and distance
What is meant by Height in plane?
is that objects higher up in the visual field will appear further away
What is meant by linear perspective?
is when parallel lines converge(come together) in a way that suggests distance
What is meant by Monocular depth cues?
Perceptual cues that can be detected with one eye
Define occlusion
describes the fact that objects obscure(hide) or are in front of others appear closer to us
What is meant by relative size
refers to the fact that smaller objects in the visual field appear further away
What is meant by retinal display?
The way that the left and the right eye view slightly different images. The size of the difference gives the brain information about depth and distance
What is meant by Visual constancies?
Our ability to see an object as the same even if the actual image received by the idea has changed, for example as we get closer to it or move around it
What is meant by visual clues?
Visual information from the environment about movement, distance and etc
What is meant by ambiguity?
The way in which some images or stimuli can be perceived in more than one way, as in the example of the Necker Cube
What is meant by fiction?
When a figure is perceived even though it is not part of the image or stimulus present, as in the example
of the Kanizsa triangle
What is meant by Misinterpreted depth cues?
The brain sees a depth cue in the picture, creating an impression of distance, and mistakenly applies the tile to size constancy
What is meant by size constancy?
The brains ability to perceive familiar objects as the same size, despite changes in the size of the image on the retina
What is meant by visual illusions?
The unconscious ‘mistakes’ of perception. In fact they are not really mistakes, but are normal, relatively consistent phenomena which are subject to regular rules of perception
What does the Ponzo illusion look like and what type of illusion is it?
A railroad track/lines that seem parallel but slowly converge which makes them appear a distance away
Misinterpreted depth cue
What does the necker cube look like and what type of illusion is it?
A cuboid which can be perceived as ‘pointing up’ or ‘pointing down’ and can usually be flipped by the person seeing it
Ambiguous figure
What does the Kanizsa triangle look like and what type of illusion is it?
We see an equilateral triangle with gaps exactly halfway through the lines. Slightly behind these we see circles with a section cut out of it (pac-man). This creates the illusion of another equilateral trainable upside down.
Fiction
