Perception 2 Flashcards
(55 cards)
Visible light
Band of energy within the electromagnetic spectrum
Visible light wavelengths from
400-700nm
Different wavelengths of light are associated with different ____ ____
Color perceptions
Photons
Small pockets of energy that light consists of
Luminance
Number of photons per unit space
Absorption
As photons collide with particles of matter
Reflection
As light strikes opaque surfaces
Transmission
Light passes through transparent matter
What do simple chambered eyes use to project an image onto the retina
Convex cornea and lens
The human eye enables ____, which can represent the spatial structure rather than sum total of light
Directional sensitivity
_____ transduce light into an electrical potential
Photoreceptors
Retinal ganglion cells
Where visual signals flow through a network of neutrons to, and then out the back of the eye via the optic nerve
Two types of photoreceptors
Rods and cones
Rods are located
Primarily in peripheral retina
Rods are capable of
Operating in low light levels, and can detect a single photon
Cones are concentrated
In center of center of retina (fovea)
Cones require ____ light levels to respond
Higher
Cones have ____ different _____
3, photopigments
Cones are sensitive to ____, ____, and ____ wavelengths
Short, medium, and long
Visual pathway consists of
Retina -> optic nerve -> optic chiasm > LGN > primary visual cortex
Bottom up
The retina doesn’t simply record light intensifies, responses are shaped processes occurring within the retina, most notably light/dark adaptation and lateral inhibition
Top down
The brain also uses knowledge about how light interacts with objects when determining perceived brightness
Brightness constancy
When someone perceives something as the same colors in both situations
What causes brightness constancy
White color will reflect less light indoors than black color will reflect outdoors
