Perception

Question 1

James 1890

Answer 1

• babies mind is like a blank piece of paper

- perception develops over time

Question 2

Fantz and Miranja 1975

Answer 2

• found that infants preferred patterns with curved edges over straight edges

Question 3

Fantz 1961

Answer 3

• looked at 1-15 week old infants
• used 3 stimuli based on faces
• found that infants preferred the real face over the scrambled faces

Question 4

Maurer and Barrera 1981

Answer 4

• used different stimuli which all had the same facial features but mixed up on the face
• found that two months old preferred the real face

Question 5

Walton et al 1992

Answer 5

• looked at 1-14 days old infants

- found that they were able to distinguish their own mother’s face

Question 6

Gibson and Walk 1960

Answer 6

• used the visual cliff experiment
• looked at 6-14 month old infants
• found that non would crawl over the ‘edge’

Question 7

Schwartz 1973

Answer 7

• measured the heart rate of infants during the visual cliff experiment
• found that their heart rate increased if they were surprised or frightened
• for 9 month olds their heart rate increased on the ‘deep’ side, but didn’t for 5 month olds

Question 8

Lecannet 1998

Answer 8

• looked at fetal reactions to stimuli to measure auditory perception

Question 9

Moon and Fifer 1989

Answer 9

• found that auditory acuity was very good in newborns as they were able to discern their own mother’s voice

Question 10

Moon 1992

Answer 10

• found that newborns were able to turn their head towards a sounds a few days after birth

Question 11

Nishitani et al 2009

Answer 11

• found that after a painful heel prick infants were soothed by the smell of breast milk
• only worked for their own mother’s breast milk