perception Flashcards
How come we see a stable world even thought thw world is constantly moving?
Our brains keep track of the eye movements and compensates for the constant movement
When does adult like perception develop?
3+ years
What is perception?
perception is the process by which we recognise what is represnted by information provided by our sense organs, giving unity and coherence to the input. It is rapid, automatic and unconcious
What is depth perception and what are the two types of cues we use for it?
Depth perception is how we perceive the distance of objects from us and from each other.
Monovular and binocular cues
What are the monocular cues?
- interposition (relative size compared to other things)
- familiarity with size
- linear perspective (parallel lines receding to a single point, knowing what things are despite new angles)
- texture
- haze
- shading
- elevation
coarse textures tell us something is … to us
Coarse things are closer, finer are further away.
What is a binocular cue?
This is where the visual fields of our eyes overlap. Our eyes conjugate movements so they can converge to the same point.
- retinal disparity (double images or not)
What is motion parallax?
This is a cue of depth prception, walking pass a scene obejcts closer to us pass in front of those further away
Decribe the motion after effect
The motion after effectis where we see motion for a long period of time so our neurons habituate. when we then look at a a still image we see movement in the opposite direction as the neurons have dropped below normal firing range so now the neruons which fire for us to see motion in the opposite direction are firing faster.
What are saccades
Saccades are eye movements
if two objects of different sizes are moving realtive to each other the ….. appears like it is moving
smaller one appears to be moving
Lack of exposure to a ceetain pattern in childhood can result in …. in adulthood
not being able to see that pattern
Carpentered cultures?
cultures where things are typically made out of straight lines
What is the muller lyer illusion?
where putting arrow ends on ends of a line makes us think they are different lengths when they face different ways
What is the size weight illusion?
When presnted with two objects the smaller one is perceieved as heavier even when they are the same. Even important books are percieved as heavierwhen peopel are told they are important
What are the three explantions for the size weight illusion?
Sorimotor hypothesis- there is a mismatch between the assumed wegitht of an object and the actual weight. We overestimate weight so we use a greater degree of force to pick it up. This is based on sorimotor feedback.
Bottom up hypothesis- confue oejct density with eight
Top down hypothesis- Prior experiences determine our sensory response
How do we have to show people the comstancy of our perception?
we have to break the constancy
What is brightness constancy?
This is where people judge the whiteness or greyness of something well even when illumination levels change
What is form constancy?
We have an unchangeing perception of size and shape of objects when they move relative to us. Suggested unconscious interference is key to this, we already know the size and shape of things our image provided by the retina only indicates how close to us something is
Give three aspects of constancy
- form constancy
- brightness constancy
- rotation constancy
What is linguistic relativity?
Language used by a particular culture is related to peoples thoughts and perceptions
Sapir whort hypothesis
Kay and Kempton 1984- language determines thoughts
