performance directions Flashcards by Rehema Kibugi

Q

accelerando

A

gradually getting quicker

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Q

adagio

A

slow

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Q

allegretto

A

fairly quick

(but not as quick as allegro)

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Q

allegro

A

quick

(literally ‘cheerful’)

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Q

andante

A

at a medium speed

(‘walking’ speed)

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Q

cantabile

A

in a singing style

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Q

crescendo

A

gradually getting louder

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Q

da capo

A

repeat from the beginning

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Q

dal segno

A

repeat from the sign

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Q

decrescendo

A

gradually getting quieter

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Q

diminuendo

A

gradually getting quieter

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Q

fine

A

the end

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Q

f - forte

A

loud

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Q

ff - fortissimo

A

very loud

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Q

legato

A

smoothly

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Q

lento

A

slow

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Q

mezzo

A

half

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Q

mf - mezzo forte

A

moderately loud

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Q

mp - mezzo piano

A

moderately quiet

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Q

moderato

A

moderately

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Q

p - piano

A

quiet

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Q

pp - pianissimo

A

very quiet

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Q

poco

A

a little

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Q

rallentando

A

gradually getting slower

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ritardando

gradually getting slower

ritenuto

held back

tempo

speed, time

adagietto

rather slow (but faster than adagio)

ad libitum

at choice (meaning that a passage may be played freely)

agitato

agitated

alla breve

with minim beat (2/2)

amore

love

anima

animated, lively

ben

well

brio

vigour

comodo

convenient

deciso

with determination

delicato

delicate

energico

energetic

forza

force

largamente

broadly

leggiero

light, nimble

marcato

emphatic, accented

marziale

in a millitary style

mesto

sad

pesante

heavy

prima, primo

first

risoluto

bold, strong

rittmico

rhythmically

rubato

with some freedom of time

scherzando/scherzoso

playful, joking

seconda/secondo

second

semplice

simple, plain

sempre

always

stringendo

gradually getting faster

subito

suddenly

tanto

so much

tranquillo

calm

triste, tristamente

sad, sorrowful

volta

time

a

at, to by, for, in, in the style of

al, alla

to the, in the manner of

allargando

broadening

andantino

slightly faster than andante

assai

very

con, col

with

dolce

sweet, soft

e, ed

and

espressivo

expressive

fp - fortepiano

loud, then immediately soft

giocoso

playful, merry

grave

very slow, solemn

grazioso

graceful

larghetto

rather slow

largo

slow, stately

ma

but

maestoso

majestic

meno

less

molto

very, much

mosso, moto

movement

non

not

piu

more

presto

fast (faster than allegro)

senza

without

sf, sfz - sforzando, sforzato

forced, accented

simile

in the same way

sostenuto

sustained

tenuto

held

troppo

too much

vivace, vivo

lively, quick