Perfusion Part 2 - Fluids Flashcards
(42 cards)
__% of body fluid is H2O
60
__% of H2O is stored in the ICF meanwhile __% of H2O is stored in the ECF
40, 20
Out of the H2O in the ECF, __% is in the interstitial fluid while __% is in plasma
16, 4
What organ is the primary regulator of fluid output?
Kidneys
What are some examples of fluid balance issues/losses?
- Vomiting
- GI bleeding
Upper GI bleeding results in bloody ____ while lower GI bleeding results in bloody ____
vomit, stool
What are 4 meds that can contribute to GI bleed?
- Antiplatelets
- Anticoagulants
- Thrombolytics
- NSAIDs
What is osmolality?
Concentration of solute in an osmotic solution
What is the expected osmolality?
275-295 mOsm/kgH2O
Dehydration ____ osmolality meanwhile overhydration ____ osmolality
increases, decreases
What are the 3 types of tonicity for IV fluids?
- Isotonic
- Hypertonic
- Hypotonic
Rank [isotonic], [hypertonic] & [hypotonic] in terms of concentration:
____ < plasma = ____ < ____
hypotonic, isotonic, hypertonic
RBCs in a hypertonic solution will ____ versus in hypotonic solutions, where they will ____
shrink, swell
If a fluid has high protein content, it will be __tonic in the bag but __tonic in the body
iso, hyper
If a fluid has high dextrose content, it will be __tonic in the bag but __tonic in the body
hyper, iso
The estimated amount of water an adult needs is: __ mL/kg/day
35
An adult need 50-100g/day of ____ to limit starvation ketosis
glucose
Explain the 4/2/1 rule and which patient group its most often used for
Pediatric patients:
4ml/kg/hr for 1st 10kg of body weight
2ml/kg/hr for 2nd 10kg of body weight
1ml/kg/hr for remaining 10kg of body weight
Define resuscitation
Replenishing deficits
Colloids are ____ based meanwhile crystalloids are ____ based
protein, water
What does NPO mean?
Nothing by mouth
What are 4 examples of isotonic fluids?
- Lactated Ringer’s
- Normal Saline (0.9%)
- Albumin (5%) [colloid]
- Dextran 40 [colloid]
What type of fluid is used to treat hypovolemic shock?
Colloid
Describe the movement of colloids when in circulation
Stay in circulation (proteins are too big to cross membrane)
