Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Pre, Peri and Post-Operative Care > Peri and Post Operative Care > Flashcards

Peri and Post Operative Care Flashcards

(71 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What proportion of body weight is water

A

2/3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Of total body water what is the proportion in the intracellular compartment

A

Intracellular: 2/3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Of total body water, what proportion is extracellular

A

1/3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

how can the extracellular compartment be divided

A

Interstitial and Intravascular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what proportion of extracellular fluid is interstitial

A

4/5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what proportion of extracellular fluid is intravascular

A

1/5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

in resuscitation of a patient where is it important to have fluid

A

Intravascular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

how much water should individuals be drinking per day

A

20ml/Kg/d

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

how much sodium should individuals have per day

A

1mmol/Kg/d

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

how much potassium should individuals have per day

A

1mmol/Kg/d

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how much glucose should individuals have per day

A

50g/day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

how does dehydration present on U+E

A

high urea to creatinine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

why is malnutrition a big problem in surgical patients

A
  • Poor wound healing
  • Infection
  • Skin breakdown
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what tool is used to screen all patients in hospital for their malnutrition risk

A

MUST (Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are the 5 steps of the MUST score

A
  1. BMI
  2. Unplanned Weight Loss
  3. Acutely Unwell
  4. Calculate Score
  5. Manage
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what score does a BMI of over-20 achieve

A

2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what score does a BMI of 18.5-20 achieve

A

1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what score does a BMI of under 18.5 achieve

A

0

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what score does less than 5% weight loss in past 3-6 months achieve

A

0

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what score does 5-10% weight loss in the past 3-6 months achieve

A

1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what score does >10% weight loss in the past 3-6 months achieve

A

2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

explain acutely unwell score

A

If patients have been unwell for 5d or unlikely to have had food intake they are given a score of 2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what score is a low-risk must score

A

0

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what score is a moderate-risk must score

A

1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
what score is a severe-risk must score
2
26
how are low-risk (0) patients managed
Repeat screening at a later date
27
how are medium-risk (1) patients managed
Document oral intake for 3-days
28
how are high-risk (2) patients managed
Refer to dietician
29
if malnutrition is identified prior to surgery what is given
Nutritional support - to improve operative outcomes
30
what are rules with nutrition
Always try to use oral first
31
if individuals have dysphagia or are unable to intake sufficient calories orally, what is offered
NG Tube
32
if oesophagus is blocked, what is offered
PEG or RIG
33
If delayed gastric emptying what may be used
NJ Tube
34
if intestinal failure or jejunal inaccessible, what method is used
Parental
35
what guidelines governs nutrition after surgery
enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS)
36
what are 5 things the enhanced recovery after surgery state should be done prior to surgery to optimise outcomes
- Reduced NBM (2-hours) - Pre-Op Carb Loading - Minimally invasive - Minimising drains and NG tube - Rapid re-introduction/ Feeding post-surgery - Early mobilisation
37
what did ERAS state should be done following surgery
- Feed within 24h
38
what is post-op pyrexia
>37.5
39
if post-op pyrexia happens 1-2d after what is the likely cause
Respiratory
40
if post-op pyrexia happens 3-5d after what is the likely cause
UTI
41
if post-op pyrexia happens 5-7d after what is the likely cause
Surgical Site
42
when may post-op pyrexia due to IV lines occur
Any time-frame
43
Define pyrexia of unknown origin
Recurrent fever >38, persisting for >3W, with >1W of inpatient investigaitons
44
what is wound dehiscence
fail of wound to heal causing it to re-open
45
when is wound dehiscence more common
abdominal surgery
46
what are the two types of wound dehiscence
- Superficial | - Full-thickness
47
what is superficial dehiscence
Skin re-opens
48
what is full-thickness dehiscence
Rectus sheath fails to heal causing it to re-open and bowel to protrude through
49
what is the most common cause of wound dehiscence
Infection
50
what patient factors increase risk of wound dehiscence
``` Male Age Smoking Corticosteroids Obesity Malnourished ```
51
what intra-operative factors increase of wound dehiscence
``` Emergency Prolonged operative time GI surgery Wound infection Poor technique ```
52
what post-operative factors increase of wound dehiscence
Blood transfusions Coughing Radiotherapy Ventilation
53
how does wound dehiscence present clinically
Visible opening of the wound
54
how does full-thickness wound dehiscence present
Bulge from the wound with an increase in discharge
55
when should full-thickness dehiscence be considered
If there is an increase in discharge from the wound
56
how is superficial wound dehiscence managed
Pack with saline-soaked gauze and leave to heal by secondary intention
57
what can aid superficial dehiscence
Negative pressure dressing
58
how is full dehiscence managed
IV antibiotics IV Fluids Cover wound with saline soaked gauze and immediate return to surgery
59
how can haemorrhage in surgery be divided
Intra-operative Reactive Secondary
60
what is intra-operative
Bleeding during the operation
61
define reactive bleeding
Bleeding within 24h of the operation
62
what usually causes reactive bleeding
Missed vessel or slipped ligature
63
why may vessels be missed intra-operatively
Patient's are often hypotensive - which can lead to vasoconstriction. However, post-op when BP resotres bleeding may occur
64
define secondary bleeding
Bleeding 7-10d post-op
65
what causes secondary bleeding
Infection causes erosion of a vessel
66
what is a major RF for secondary bleeding
Contaminated wound closed primarily
67
what is one of the most sensitive signs to haemorrhage
Increase RR
68
what is the problem with using BP as a sign of haemorrhage
BP is typically a late sign
69
what operation may post-op bleeding present as airway obstruction
Thyroidectomy
70
what artery is susceptible to injury from operative ports
Inferior epigastric
71
what are indications for surgical drains
- Drainage of space (abscess) - Monitor output - Detection bleed

Pre, Peri and Post-Operative Care (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions