Period 3 1754-1800 Flashcards
(37 cards)
French and Indian/Seven Year’s War
1754-1763
Albany Plan of Union
1754 - a plan developed by Benjamin Franklin that provided for intercolonial government and a system for recruiting troops and collecting taxes for colonial defense
Pontiac’s Rebellion
1763 - Chief Pontiac led a major attack on the colonial western frontier when Indians became angered by Western encroachment.
Proclamation of 1763
1763 - prohibited colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains
Sugar Act of 1764
1764 - taxed sugar and luxuries in the colonies to raise money for British monarchy
Quartering Act of 1765
1765 - required colonists to provide food and living quarters for British troops
Stamp Act of 1765
1765 - taxed revenue stamps to be placed on most printed documents - funded British military forces
Stamp Act Congress
1765 - representatives from nine colonies met in NY to discuss the environment of the Stamp Act - decided their elected representatives had the legal authority to approve such taxation
Sons and Daughters of Liberty
1765 - secret society of radical colonists who organized for the purpose of intimidating tax agents
Declaratory Act
1766 - asserted that Parliament had the right to tax and make laws for the colonies in “all cases whatsoever”
The Townshend Acts
1767 - enacted duties to be collected on colonial imports of glass, tea, and paper - used to pay crown officials and allowed for unauthorized search and seize of homes
Repeal of Townshend Acts
1770 - British urged the repeal of the Townshend Acts because they damaged trade and generated a disappointingly small amount of revenue
Boston Massacre
1770 - a crowd of colonists harassed British guards, guards fired into the crowd, killing 5 - troops were tried in Britain (not fair)
Boston Tea Party
1773 - after the Townshend Acts in 1767, the colonists began refusing to purchase the British East India Company’s tea - Sons of Liberty disguised themselves as Indians, boarded British ships, and dumped 342 chests of the tea into Boston Harbor
Coercive Acts
1774 - directed as punishment for the Boston Tea Party - British closed Boston Harbor - power of the legislature was decreased while royal power and authority increased - royal officials would now be tried in Great Britain rather than colonies - British troops would be upgraded from customs homes to private homes in an increasingly enforced Quartering Act
Quebec Act
1774 - organized the Canadian lands from the French following the French and Indian War
First Continental Congress
1774 - responded to Britain’s alarming threats to colonial liberties
Lord Dunmore’s War
1774 - a conflict that arose prior to the Revolutionary War between colonists in Virginia and the Shawnee and Mingo American Indians
Lexington and Concord
April 18, 1775 - British troops were sent to seize colonial military supplies in Concord - Paul Revere and William Dawes’ “midnight ride” - Americans were forced to retreat after a devastating blow to their colonial militia
Second Continental Congress
1775 - delegates were divided - Northern NE colonies believed colonists should declare independence - middle colonies hoped to resolve conflict w/ Britain
Olive Branch Petition
1775 - final straw hoping to repair relationship between colonists and British monarchy - king didn’t even read it
Common Sense
1776 - Thomas Paine’s essay arguing that it was common sense for the colonies to become independent states - referenced “unalienable rights” which would later be used to Thomas Jefferson in the Declaration of Independence
Declaration of Independence
July 4, 1776 - Second Continental Congress decided on independence - 5 delegates wrote the DoI, declaring grievances and expressing basic principles justifying revolution
Articles of Confederation
1781 - first written constitution of the US as a nation - weak central gov’t and strong state government
